A phagocyte engulfs bacteria by fusing its cell membrane around the bacteria to form a vacuole. Enzymes are then secreted into the vacuole to digest the bacteria, and the soluble substances diffuse into the phagocyte's cytoplasm. Immunity can be either active, where an individual produces their own antibodies after infection or vaccination, or passive, where ready-made antibodies are received from another source such as a mother or laboratory animal serum.

1. PHAGOCYTOSIS

2. Phagocytosis1) A phagocytemovestowards a group of bacteria, and flowsaroundthem.2) Thephagocyte´scellmembrane fuses together, enclosing bacteria in a vacuole.3) Enzymes are secretedintothevacuole, whichdigest bacteria.4) Soluble substancesdiffusefromthevacuoleintothephagocyte´scytoplasm.

3. Phagocytosis

4. IMMUNITY

5. IMMUNITY

6. IMMUNITYACTIVE: individual makeshis/herownantibodies.PASSIVE: individual isgivenready-madeantibodies.

7. IMMUNITYACTIVE: - NATURAL:. Pathogeninfects individual. . Ind. contractsdisease, makesantibodies and isnowimmunetofurtherinfectionbythesamepathogen. - ARTIFICIAL: Weakenedpathogen(vaccine)Lymphocytes produce antibodies.

8. IMMUNITYPASSIVE:- NATURAL: Motherantibodiescross placenta and are in breastmilk- newbornchildtemporarilyimmunetopathogens, e.g.gutinfections. - ARTIFICIAL: . antibodiescollectedfromblood of laboratory animal and stored as serum. . Adultisnowimmunetodisease. Itisusedifdiseaseistoofast-actingfortheimmunesystemtodealwith. Itoffers a temporaryimmunity, sincethebodyisnotproducingany of itsownantibodies.