This document discusses constructing test items and rubrics for assessment. It provides an example of a restricted-response item with 5 marks that asks students to list 5 benefits of a Good Services and Tax (GST). It also provides an example of a holistic rubric that could be used to assess an essay response about the effects of urbanization. The rubric assigns scores based on the overall quality of ideas, examples, organization, writing and more. It concludes by noting the advantages and disadvantages of restricted-response items and holistic rubrics for assessment.

1. PGT 202E
BASIC EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT AND
EVALUATION
A) DEVELOP ONE RESTRICTED-RESPONSE ITEM WHICH CARRIES 5
MARKS. EXPLAIN HOW THE MARKS ARE GIVEN.
B) IN A SUBJECT OF YOUR CHOICE, CONSTRUCT AN ESSAY
ITEM. PROVIDE A HOLISTIC RUBRIC FOR THE ITEM.
BROUGHT TO YOU BY : EDDY TERINISIP (132215)
WAN MARIAM BINTI WAN MAHMUD (132364)
MOHD IMTIYAZ BIN AZMAN (132241)
NURUL HAIZAHTULTHASIAH BIINTI HASAN (132324)
TUTORIAL TIME :
TUESDAY (9.00am-
LECTURER :
DR. LIM HOOI LIAN

2. PERFOMANCE
ASSESSMENT
RESTRICTED
RESPONSE
EXTENDED
RESPONSE
Controlled Responses/Supply Uncontrolled Responses/Write

3. BLOOM’STAXONOMY (Revised, 2001)
Extended Response Item
Restricted Response Item

4. Extended-Response Restricted-Response
 Discuss the benefit of Good Services andTax
(GST). (25 marks)
 List FIVE (5) benefit of Good Services andTax
(GST). (5 marks)
 Based on your understanding, do you think
the implementation of Good Services and
Tax (GST) is better than Sales and Services
Tax (SST) . (25 marks)
 Compare the differences of Good Services
andTax (GST) and Sales and ServicesTax
(SST) (10 marks)
 By using an appropriate situation, explain
the effect of GST implementation.
(25 marks)
 State the effects of GST implementation on
living cost? (10 Marks)

6. RESTRICTED-RESPONSE ITEM
State, List, Compare, Define
Limit student ability,
the scop
Specific learning outcomes,
Answer based on question,
Short time needed R-RI
Short-
answer
questions
Specific
Limitation
More
structures
& Less
time
required

7. EXAMPLE OF RESTRICTED-RESPONSE
ITEM
Question 1
State the FIVE (5) factors causes of water pollution? (5 marks)
Answer
i. Excessive of sewage and waste water release into the sea (1 marks)
ii. Dumping of rubbish (1 marks)
iii. Release of Industrial waste (1 marks)
iv. Agricultural waste (1 marks)
v. Oil spills into the sea, river or pond (1 marks)

8. Question 2
What is cardiovascular diseases and List THREE(3) major factors contribute
to this disease. (5 marks)
Answer
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is the conditions that involve narrowed or
blocked blood vessels and lead to a heart diseases (2 marks).
The major factors are
Unhealthy diet, smoking, obesity, diabetes and high blood cholesterol level
(3 marks)

10. RUBRIC
HOLISTIC
(Logic of Argument)
ANALYTIC
(Correct Answers)
Restricted-Response EssayExtended- Response Essay

12. HOLISTIC RUBRIC
A set of guidelines for the application of performance criteria to
the responses and performance of students
Single score based on overall impression /Used to score
student work
No correct answer/response to ask a task (e.g. creative
work)
Focus on overall quality, proficiency, or understanding of a
specific content or skills
Summative assessment (e.g. at the end of the semester)

13. EXAMPLE
Answers
Urbanization is a process whereby populations move from rural to urban
area, enabling cities and towns to grow. It can also be termed as the progressive
increase of the number of people living in towns and cities. It is highly
influenced by the notion that cities and towns have achieved better economic,
political, and social mileages compared to the rural areas. The process of
urbanization was effect on positive and negative side on environment.
Question 1
Discuss the effects of urbanization. (30 Marks)

14. Urbanization attracts people to cities and towns which lead to high
population increase. With the increase in the number of people living in
urban centers, there is continued scarcity of houses. This is due to
insufficient expansion space for housing and public utilities, poverty,
unemployment, and costly building materials which can only be afforded
by few individuals.
Overcrowding is a situation whereby a huge number of people live in
a small space. This form of congestion in urban areas is consistent
because of overpopulation and it is an aspect that increases day by day
as more people and immigrants move into cities and towns in search of
better life. Most people from rural or undeveloped areas always have the
urge of migrating into the city that normally leads to congestion of people
within a small area.

15. The problem of joblessness is highest in urban areas and it is even
higher among the educated people. It is estimated that more than half of
unemployed youths around the globe live in metropolitan cities. And, as
much as income in urban areas is high, the costs of living make the incomes
to seem horribly low. The increasing relocation of people from rural or
developing areas to urban areas is the leading cause of urban
unemployment.
The cost of living in urban areas is very high. When this is combined with
random and unexpected growth as well as unemployment, there is the
spread of unlawful resident settlements represented by slums and squatters.
The growth of slums and squatters in urban areas is even further
exacerbated by fast-paced industrialization, lack of developed land for
housing, large influx of rural immigrants to the cities in search of better life,
and the elevated prices of land beyond the reach of the urban poor.

16. The social, economic and living conditions in congested urban areas
affects access and utilization of public health care services. Slum areas in
particular experience poor sanitation and insufficient water supply which
generally make slum populations susceptible to communicable diseases.
The environmental problems such as urban pollution also cause many
health problems namely allergies, asthma, infertility, food poisoning, cancer
and even premature deaths.
Issues of lack of resources, overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, and
lack of social services and education habitually leads to many social
problems including violence, drug abuse, and crime. Most of the crimes
such as murder, rape, kidnapping, riots, assault, theft, robbery, and hijacking
are reported to be more prominent in the urban vicinities. Besides, poverty
related crimes are the highest in fast-growing urban regions. These acts of
urban crime normally upset the peace and tranquility of cities or towns.

17. In conclusion, urbanization caused many problems of sustainable
problems, and governments make a series of policies to solve the
problems, but these policies cannot really solve these problems. Since
1900, urban areas developed really fast, and more people moved to
cities. At same time, urbanization also caused several problems, and
governments want to use several policies to solve these problems.
These policies do not get the effect which governments expect.
Overpopulation is the real reason which causes these problems, and
governments should figure out overpopulation first. In future, these
problems would be solved because of new technologies and the
education.

18. EXCELLENT ESSAY (80-100 %) GOOD ESSAY (60-79%)
 Sufficiently addresses all part of the
task.
 All issues in the essay question are
answers well
 Present a clear position throughout the
essay.
 Any opinion given is supported in all
paragraphs in the essay
 Main idea are relevant
 Ideas are developed, extended and
well supported
 Listed four or more examples of the
effect of urbanization.
 Sentences are grammatical.
 Appropriate vocabulary used.
 Minimum spelling error.
 Relevant idea.
 Effective organization or ideas.
 To demonstrate mastery of the
techniques of good writing.
HOLISTIC RUBRIC / MARKING SCHEME

19. MODERATE ESSAY ( 40-59%) POOR ESSAY ( 0-39% )
 Listed three or more examples of the effect of
urbanization.
 Few grammatical errors.
 Little inconsistency in sentence structure.
 Few incomplete sentences.
 But its contents are accurate. Sufficient
amount but less detailed commentary.
 There are ideas that are less convincing and
the maturity of the medium.
 Listed at least one examples of the effect of
urbanization.
 Fill superficial and inaccurate.
 These ideas are not convincing and not the
maturity.
 Numerous grammatical errors .
 Inconsistent sentence structure.
 Incomplete sentences.
 Show serious shortcomings in term of spelling.

20. ADVANTANGES OF HOLISTIC RUBRIC
Students are free
to write.The
essay is a skill
that requires a
combination of
several processes
To assess general
ability in writing
All aspects of
writing are given
equal
consideration
Quick scoring,
provides
overview of
students
achievement

21. DISADVANTAN
GES OF
HOLISTIC
RUBRIC
Teacher may
be biased
when
checking
It the inspection
requires more
teacher,
coordination
difficult to
implement
Does not
provide detailed
information,
may be difficult
to provide one
overall score

22. Restricted Response
 Restricted response limit both the content and response, measuring
specific learning outcome, and question more structured.
Holistic Rubric
 Holistic rubric emphasis on what the learner is able to demonstrate,
rather than what s/he cannot do
 The audience cannot clearly or easily identify the central ideas or
purpose of the student work
Rubric + Response
 Holistic Rubric using for Extended Response Item
 Analytic Rubric using for Restricted Response item

23. FOR YOUR ATTENTION