The document discusses the peritoneum, which is the largest serous membrane in the body. It is divided into parietal and visceral portions. The parietal portion lines body cavities while the visceral portion covers abdominal organs. The peritoneum has several functions including suspending organs, secreting fluid, and preventing infection spread. Inflammation of the peritoneum is called peritonitis and can be caused by infection or leakage of sterile fluids. Symptoms, treatment, and causes of specific peritoneal conditions like mesothelioma and carcinomas are also outlined.