The document discusses the organization and properties of the periodic table. It is divided into 18 columns of elements grouped by similar properties. Rows represent periods where properties change gradually. Most elements in groups 3-12 are metals that are solids with high melting points, good conductivity, and form positive ions. Nonmetals in groups 13-18 are usually gases or brittle solids with low conductivity and form negative ions. Some elements have mixed metal and nonmetal properties.

2.  A period is a row of elements
 Properties change gradually and predictably.

3.  There are 18 columns of elements
 Each column contains a group, or family, of
elements.
 A group contains elements that have similar
physical or chemical properties.

4.  Divided into sections
 Groups 1,2 and the elements in Groups 13-
18
 Include metals, metalloids, and nonmetals

5.  Groups 3-12
 All metals
 Inner transition elements are placed below
the main table. (Lanthanide and Actinide)
 Why are they called that?

6.  All metals are solids
 Most with high melting points
 Exception is mercury
 Has luster (ability to reflect light)
 Good conductor of heat and electricity
 Malleable (can be pressed into thin sheets)
 Ductile (can be drawn out into wires)
 Tend to lose electrons and form positive ions in
chemical reactions.

7.  Gases or brittle solids at room temperature
 Poor conductors of heat and electricity
 17
 Include many essential for life
› Carbon --phosphorus
› Sulfur --iodine
› Nitrogen
› Oxygen
 Tend to gain electrons and form negative ions in
chemical reactions.

8.  Nonmetal
 Depending on the element with which
hydrogen is reacting, hydrogen will form a
positive or a negative ion.
 When bonding with other nonmetals,
hydrogen forms a positive ion.
 When bonding with metals, hydrogen forms
a negative ion.

9.  An element that shares some properties with
metals and some with nonmetals.
 Also called semimetals

10.  The box
 Name of the element
 Atomic number
 Symbol
 Average atomic mass
 Naturally occurring elements include a logo that
tells solid, liquid, gas at room temp.
 All gases, except hydrogen, are on the right
side of table

11.  Elements that do not occur naturally have a
bulls eye. They are the synthetic elements.

12.  One letter or two letter
 Based on element name
 Sometimes symbols don’t match the names. In
those cases, symbols might come from Greek
and Latin names for elements
 Some are named for geographic locations
 New elements given a temporary name and
three letter symbol that relates to the atomic
number.