The document discusses the anatomy of the urogenital region. It describes two layers of superficial fascia and two layers of deep fascia in the region. Between the layers are the superficial and deep perineal spaces which contain structures like muscles, blood vessels and nerves. The urogenital diaphragm forms a triangle that supports the urethra. The perineal membrane separates the spaces and has openings for structures to pass through. The perineal body is a fibromuscular mass of connective tissue in the midline that provides support and attachment for muscles in the area.
boundaries of perianal region or perirecatal region, division of perineum, contents of the division, anal region, urogenital region and their contents, perineal body, ischioanal fossa or ischio rectal fossa,boundaries of ischio anal fossa, contents of ischio rectal fossa, dimension of ischio anal fossa, recessess, anterior recesses, posterior recesses, spaces and canals, perianal space, ischioanal spaces, pudendal canal, superficial fascia, deep fascia. cutaneous innervation of urogenital region,
boundaries of perianal region or perirecatal region, division of perineum, contents of the division, anal region, urogenital region and their contents, perineal body, ischioanal fossa or ischio rectal fossa,boundaries of ischio anal fossa, contents of ischio rectal fossa, dimension of ischio anal fossa, recessess, anterior recesses, posterior recesses, spaces and canals, perianal space, ischioanal spaces, pudendal canal, superficial fascia, deep fascia. cutaneous innervation of urogenital region,
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3. Urogenital region
Superficial fascia has two layers
• The superficial or fatty layer
• The deep or membranous layer
(superficial fascia of perineum or
Colles’ fascia)
Anteriorly－ it is continuous with:
– Dartos of the scrotum
– Fascia of the penis
– Membranous layer of superficial fascia of
the abdominal wall known as the fascia of
Scarpa
Deep fascia has two layers
• Superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
• Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
4.
5. Superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
Deep perineal space
Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
(Perineal Membrane)
Fascia of Scarpa
Superficial perineal space
superficial fascia of perineum Bucks Fascia of the penis
(colles’ fascia)
Dartos of the scrotum
6. Cutaneous Innervation of
Urogenital region
• Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris
• Ilioinguinal nerve & genital branch of
genitofemoral nerve
• Perineal branch of post cutaneous nerve of
thigh
• Post scrotal /labial nerve
7. Superficial perineal space(Pouch)
Boundaries
• Lies between inferior fascia of
urogenital diaphragm and
superficial fascia of perineum
• Anteriorly open and posteriorly
closed by fused perineal
membrane with colles’ fascia
• Space open anteriorly (In
rupture of cavernous part of
urethra, urine can extravasate
from scrotum upward in front of
symphysis pubis into anterior
abdominal wall deep to
membranous fascia of Scarpa)
8. Contents
• Posterior part－superficial transverse perineal muscle
• Lateral part－crus penis (male), crus of clitoris (female) and
ischiocavernousus covering them
• Central part－bulb of penis (male), bulb of vestibule (female) and
bulbospongiosus covering them, urethra(in both)
• Ducts of bulbourethral glands(male) greater vestibular glands(female)
• Branches of pudendal nerves and internal pudendal vessels
9. Deep perineal space (Pouch)
• Lies between superior and inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
• Contents
– Membranous urethra(male),urethra and vagina(female)
– Deep transverse perineal muscle, sphincter urethrae
– Bulbourethral gland (male)
– Branches of intenal pudendal vessels(artery of penis)
– Branches of pudendal nerve(dorsal nerve of penis)
10. Urogenital diaphragm
• Triangular in shape
• Attached laterally to
ischiopubic rami and
ischial tuberosities
• Formed by sphincter of
urethra, deep transverse
perineal muscle, superior
and inferior fascia of
urogenital diaphragm
11. Perineal Membrane
Pierced by:
• Urethra(+vagina)
• Duct of bulbourethral gland(male)
• Artery & nerve to bulb of penis/vestibule
• Dorsal & deep artery of penis(/clitoris)
• Urethral artery
• Post. scrotal/labial nerve & vessels
• Branches of perineal nerve to superficial muscles
12. Perineal central tendon(Perineal Body)
• Wedge-shape fibromuscular mass
• In female, between anal canal and lower end of vagina,
• In male, between anal canal and root of penis
• It is larger in the female than in the male and support to the posterior wall
of the vagina
13. • Origin or insertion of
several small muscles and
insertion of part of pelvic
diaphragm
• These muscles are:
– Superficial transverse
perineal muscles
– Deep transverse perineal
muscles
– Bulbospongiosus
– Levator ani
– Sphincter ani externus
– Longitudinal muscle coat of
anal canal
14. Bulbospongiosus
Deep transverse muscles perineum
Superficial transverse muscle perineum
Levator ani
Sphincter ani externus
15.
16. Applied
• Extravasation of urine is superficial or deep
• Damage to perineal body:prolapse of uterus
• Episiotomy: Median or Mediolateral
• Pudendal nerve block
