The document discusses various ureteral anomalies in children, including ureteroceles and megaureters. It covers the demographics, diagnosis, and treatment options for these conditions. Treatment goals are preservation of renal function, elimination of infection/obstruction, and maintenance of continence, with minimization of surgical morbidity. Options discussed include observation, endoscopic versus open surgical procedures, and complete reconstruction depending on factors like severity of reflux and hydronephrosis. Outcomes of different surgical techniques are compared based on studies.