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Parts of the Cell
The document outlines the structure and functions of various organelles in animal and plant cells, highlighting their key roles. Key organelles include the nucleus (control center), ribosomes (protein synthesis), endoplasmic reticulum (internal delivery), Golgi complex (packaging and transport), lysosomes (clean-up), mitochondria (energy production), vacuoles (storage), chloroplasts (photosynthesis for plant cells), and cell walls (support in plant cells). Additionally, it describes the cell membrane's functions in regulating substance movement into and out of the cell.
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Parts of the Cell
- 1. Parts of theCell
- 2. Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolu s CellMembrane Cytoplasm
- 3. Cell Organelles andFunction 1. Nucleus – Nickname: “The Control Center” – Function: holds the DNA – Parts: • Chromatin: strands that contain genetic material • Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes – Plant and animal cells
- 4. Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus NucleolusRibosomes Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
- 5. Cell Organelles andFunction 2. Ribosomes – Function: makes proteins – Found in all cells – Located: Cytoplasm
- 6. Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum CellMembrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes
- 7. Cell Organelles andFunction 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – Nickname: “freeway” – Function: The internal delivery system of the cell – Located: Cytoplasm – Plant and animal cells
- 8. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Complex Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
- 9. Cell Organelles andFunction 4. Golgi Complex – Nickname: The shippers – Function: packages, modifies, and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell – Appearance: stack of pancakes – Located: Cytoplasm – Plant and animal cells
- 10. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Bodies Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
- 11. Cell Organelles andFunction 5. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes) – Nickname: “Clean-up Crews” (think Lysol) – Function: to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells – Located: Cytoplasm – Plant and animal cells
- 12. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5Plant and Animal Cells Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Bodies Mitochondria Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
- 13. Cell Organelles andFunction 6. Mitochondria – Nickname: “The Powerhouse” – Function: makes energy • Breaks down food to make ATP – ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy – Located: Cytoplasm – Plant and animal cells
- 15. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuol e
- 16. Cell Organelles andFunction 7. Vacuoles – Function: • Plant Cells – Very large – stores water – This is what makes lettuce crisp » When there is no water, the plant wilts • Animal Cells – Smaller than in plant cells – Stores/releases waste products – used in cellular digestion – Located: Cytoplasm
- 17. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole Chloroplasts
- 18. Cell Organelles andFunction 8. Chloroplasts – Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell – Located: Cytoplasm – Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment – Plant cells ONLY
- 19.
- 20. Section 7-2 Figure 7-5Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Wall
- 21. Cell Organelles andFunction 9. Cell Wall – Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane – Located: Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells only
- 22. Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole Chloroplasts CellWall Nucleolus Nucleus Rough ER Smooth ER Golgi Bodies Mitochondria Ribosomes Cytoplasm
- 23. Cell Organelles andFunction 10. Cell Membrane – Functions: • separates the inside of the cell from its environment • Controls what substances enter and leave the cell (think door) – Oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes, food, etc… – Located: • In plant cells, it is to the inside of the cell wall • In animal cells, it is the outermost part of the cell
- 24. Animal Cells vs.Plant Cells