This document analyzes the performance of a 186 kW grid-interactive solar photovoltaic power plant in India. It examines key factors that impact plant efficiency such as solar radiation, temperature, system design, inverter efficiency, and module degradation over time. Experimental energy and exergy analyses were conducted on the solar modules. The results show module exergy efficiencies are low at 8.5% and energy efficiencies at 6.4%. Exergy efficiency decreases with increasing solar radiation and temperature due to higher cell temperatures and irreversibility. Improving module efficiency through new semiconductor materials could help reduce the cost of solar electricity generation.

1. Prepared by
Syed Ajmal Khalil
M.Tech SAE
Under the guidance of :
Dr. Ranjana Arora

2.  Introduction
 Objective
 Methodology
 Conclusion
 References

3.  There is an immediate need to increase the growth of sophisticated clean power
technologies to deal with the global obstacles of energy security, environment
modification as well as lasting development. Solar Photovoltaic is one of the most
highly vital ways of finding adjustments in chemical power supply and also is expected
to become an eye-catching source of different power in the future.
 Solar Photovoltaic system generates both electrical and thermal energy from solar
radiation. The performance assessment of 186 kWp installed capacity grid interactive
ground-mounted solar photovoltaic power plant has been carried out, in view of
obtaining better designing, operation/maintenance characteristics of the system. The
solar photovoltaic plant is installed at Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India,
getting annual mean solar insolation and temperature of 550–700 Wm−2 and 28.4°C
respectively.(1)
 To determine the optimal performance and design parameters of a solar photovoltaic
(PV) array. A detailed analysis have been carried out to evaluate the electrical
performance, exergy destruction components, and exergy efficiency of a typical PV
array.

4.  To determine the efficiency of a PV array depends on function of climatic,
operating, and design parameters such as ambient temperature, solar radiation
intensity, PV array temperature, overall heat loss coefficient, open-circuit
voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage, maximum power
point current, and PV array area.
 The Indian Department of Meteorology (IMD) preserves a network of radiation
networks that measure solar radiation and the daily time of sunlight. In a lot of
parts of India, the light environment is between 250 and also 300 days a year.
The yearly radiation of the planet varies from 1600 to 2200 kWh/ sq. m.
analogous to radiation from exotic as well as subtropical regions.
 The equal energy is estimated at 6,000 million GWh of energy per year. The
globe's highest possible annual radiation is discovered in Rajasthan and also
north Gujarat. In Rajasthan, large locations of the planet are barren and
uninhabited, making these areas appropriate as facilities for huge solar power
stations.

5.  the various factors that contribute to the change in plant extraction. The
performance of a power plant however depends on a number of parameters
including location, solar insolation levels, weather conditions especially heat,
technology loss in cable installation, modular malfunction, ground loss, MPPT loss,
transformer loss and inverter loss. There may also be losses due to grid
unavailability and module deterioration with aging.
 Some of them are specified by the manufacturer, such as the dependence of the
electrical output on heat, known as the temperature coefficient.
 The following factors are considered key performance indicators:
 1. Radiation on site
 2. Loss of PV systems
 3. Temperature and weather conditions
 4. Plant design parameters
 5. Inverter efficiency
 6. Decrease in Module due to aging

6.  Our objective is to check out various elements that add to the
efficiency of solar power plants, such as radiation, temperature
and also various other climate condition, structure, inverter
effectiveness and damage because of aging.
The objectives of the report are summed up listed below:.
 To estimate the performance of solar power plants at different
locations in the country •
 To assess the degradation of module output associated with
aging as per current technology trends •
 To recommend future work in the field of solar energy •
 To review existing radiation data sources and softwares •
 To review design criteria for better performance of power plants

7.  EXERGY : the maximum theoretical work that can be obtained
from an amount of energy
 PURPOSE OF EXERGY ANALYSIS • to determine exergy losses (true
thermodynamic losses) in processes and systems •
 minimisation of losses
 The equations can be given as exergy balance of an irreversible
system in steady state:
 Ėxin – Ėxout = Ėxdest = Ėxloss
 Where Ėxin, Ėxout and Ėxdest are inlet Exergy, outlet Exergy and Exergy
destruction or Exergy loss in control volume, respectively.
 Exergy analysis is recognized by many engineers to be a powerful
tool for the evaluation of the thermodynamic and economic
performance of thermodynamic system in general . Exergy analysis
provides an alternative means of evaluating and comparing the solar
PV.

8.  ENERGY: The Energy Analysis is used for
monitoring energy consumption parameters
and analyzing the energy analysis to achieve
optimized use of energy utilization.


9.  In this study, a comprehensive energy and Exergy analysis of the
Solar Photovoltaic module at Energy Centre is conducted
experimentally. The following are the conclusions drawn from
the present study:
 (1) The results showed the photovoltaic modules have a low
Exergy efficiency . With respect to the photovoltaic system, the
Exergy analysis showed that today's silicon modules take very
little advantage of the high Exergy content of solar radiation.
 (2) The values of energy and Exergy efficiencies for the solar
module are found to be 6.4% and 8.5%, respectively.
 (3) The PV Exergy efficiency decreases as the solar radiation and
ambient temperature increases due to increasing cell
temperature and irreversibility while the output electricity
increases.
 (4) Research directed toward improving the efficiency of the solar
module could be useful. Development and low cost
semiconductor material could significantly reduce the cost of
electricity generation with solar energy.