The document discusses the concept of microgrids, which are small-scale power systems that provide local energy generation for communities. It details the components, sources, and advantages of microgrids, including improved voltage stability and reduced blackout risks, while also addressing challenges such as energy storage and synchronization. A fuzzy logic controller is highlighted for its efficiency in managing microgrid operations, despite some limitations in terms of space and technical synchronization.

1. HYBRID MICROGRID INTEGRATION USING
FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL

2. GROUP MEMBERS
 ASAD RAZA MAHMOOD 2016-EE-538
 MUJTABA FARRUKH 2016-EE-535

3. INTRODUCTION TO
MICROGRID

4. What is Microgrid?
 It is a small-scale power supply network that is designed to provide power for a small community.
 It enables local power generation for local loads.
 It comprises of various small power generating sources that makes it highly flexible and efficient.

5. Microgrid
Components
 Distributed Generation
 Loads
 Immediate storage
 Controller
 Point of Common Coupling

6. Typical Microgrid
 Power is maintained by the microgrid
 Small micro-grids covers 30–50 km radius
 Microgrids are of 5–10 MW

7. Microgrid Sources
 Distributed Energy Resources (DER)
 Bio Gas
 Wind Power
 Solar Power
 Hydro Power

8. Where it is needed?
 Island
 Rural Area
 Where there is no access of electric energy

9. The Need Of
Microgrid
Microgrid results in
 Stability in Voltage & Frequency
 Removes Dumsor
 Finishes the fear of Blackout and Brownout
too

10. Power Reservation
 Power reservation is applied according to IEEE
standard
 The Base load is set to be 90% while reserve is
10%
 Reserve is utilize when there is brownout (Voltage
dips), to control voltage and frequency in limits

11. Ramping of Power
 It is done by diesel generator because it has quick
response
 Ramping results in
 Maintenance cost
 Wear and tear in turbine
 CO2 Emission
Remedy is
 Storage should be done in batteries.
 Minimize the fuel and maintenance cost
 Finish CO2 Emission

12. Fuzzy Logic
Controller
 It has real values between 0 & 1 in its truth table
 Greater efficiency than PID
 Less oscillation around the output signal

13. Advantages
 It bottles it self in case of fault in NG & provide supply to the loads
 In peak load periods it prevents utility grid failure by reducing the load on the grid.
 Provides stability in voltage and frequency as well

14. Disadvantages
 Synchronous Factors are difficult to meet
 More space is required in storing energy in Batteries
 Resynchronization with the utility grid is difficult

15. References
 Luis E. Garza-Casta˜n´onb, Adriana Vargas-Mart´ınezb “A review of optimal control techniques applied to
the energy management and control of microgrids”, 2015
 A. A. Salam, A. Mohamed and M. A. Hannan. "TECHNICAL CHALLENGES ON MICROGRIDS"
(DECEMBER 2008)

16. ANY QUESTION ?