P3.4 Tools, Measurement, and Safety
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1. The document discusses tools used for measurement in science like stopwatches, metersticks, thermometers, and balances. It also discusses tools for analyzing data like calculators, computers, and paper and pencils. 2. The International System of Units (SI or metric system) is described as the standard system of measurement used by most scientists and almost all countries. The base SI units for length, mass, volume, density, and temperature are defined. 3. Safety symbols are mentioned and students are instructed to always follow lab safety procedures and instructions carefully.
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This document discusses tools, measurements, and safety in science. It identifies common tools used to collect and analyze data such as stopwatches, metersticks, thermometers, and balances. It also discusses the International System of Units (SI) as the standard for measurements, with units based around multiples of ten. Key units covered include meters for length, kilograms for mass, liters for volume of liquids, and degrees Celsius for temperature. The document stresses the importance of following safety procedures and symbols in the lab.
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The International System of Units (abbreviated as SI, from the French Système international (d'unités)) is the modern form of the metric system, and is the most widely used system of measurement. It comprises a coherent system of units of measurement built on seven base units and a set of twenty prefixes to the unit names and unit symbols that may be used when specifying multiples and fractions of the units. The system also specifies lowercase names for 22 derived units.
The system was published in 1960 as a result of an initiative that began in 1948. It is based on the metre–kilogram–second system of units (MKS) rather than any variant of the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS). SI is intended to be an evolving system, so prefixes and units are created and unit definitions are modified through international agreement as the technology of measurement progresses and the precision of measurements improves. The 24th and 25th General Conferences on Weights and Measures (CGPM) in 2011 and 2014, for example, discussed a proposal to change the definition of the kilogram, linking it to an invariant of nature rather than to the mass of a material artefact, thereby ensuring long-term stability.[1]
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Chapter1notes
Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge through observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. This organized body of knowledge is built upon and refined through that scientific method. Physical science is the study of matter and energy, including their properties and interactions. Key concepts in physical science include measurement using the International System of Units, the use of data and experimentation to gather information, and graphing and scientific notation to communicate findings.
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1) Early measurement standards were based on body parts but were inconsistent; the meter and kilogram were established as consistent base SI units.
2) All measurements require both a number and a defined unit, such as "5 meters".
3) Common prefixes are used to modify base units to measure very large or small quantities.
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Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge through observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. This organized body of knowledge is built upon and refined through that scientific method. Physical science is the study of matter and energy, including their properties and interactions. Key concepts in physical science include measurement using the International System of Units, the use of data and experimentation to gather information, and graphing and scientific notation to communicate findings.
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1) Early measurement standards were based on body parts but were inconsistent; the meter and kilogram were established as consistent base SI units.
2) All measurements require both a number and a defined unit, such as "5 meters".
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measurements
Here are the conversions for the activity:
1. 4 yard = 12 ft
2. 6 yard = 72 inch
3. 72 inch = 6 yard
4. 2 miles = 10,560 ft
5. 5 kg = 11 pounds
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Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 6
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P3.4 Tools, Measurement, and Safety
- 1. Warmup How would a standard system of measurements, agreed to and used around the world, make life easier? Give examples.
- 3. Objectives: 1. Identify tools used to collect and analyze data. 2. Explain the importance of the International System of Units. 3. Identify the appropriate units to use for particular measurements. 4. Identify safety symbols.
- 4. Tools in Science To get the best measurements You need the proper tools. ○ Stopwatches ○ Metersticks ○ Thermometers ○ Balances Tools are also used to: analyze data. ○ Calculators ○ Computers ○ Even pencils and paper
- 5. Making Measurements The International System of Units (SI) current name for the metric system. ○ Used by most scientists and almost all countries. All SI units are based on the number 10. Length SI unit - meter (m).
- 6. Mass Amount of matter that something is made of SI unit - kilogram (kg) Volume Amount of space that something occupies. Liquids - liters (L) or milliliters (mL) Solids - cubic meters (m3), cubic centimeters (cm3)
- 7. Density Amount of matter in a given volume SI unit – gram per milliliter (g/mL) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3). ○ Derived quantity! Temperature measure of how hot (or cold) something is. ○ Scientists often use degrees Celsius (°C) as the unit. ○ SI base unit - Kelvins (K) d e n s ity m a s s v o lu m e
- 8. Safety Rules Always follow your teacher’s instructions. Read lab procedures carefully and thoroughly. Pay special attention to safety information and know the safety symbols.