This document provides an overview of cloud computing presented by Ganesh Neelakanta Iyer. It begins with Ganesh introducing himself and his research interests in cloud computing, resource allocation, and pricing. He then provides a basic introduction to cloud computing, discussing how common technologies like YouTube, Google, and Facebook utilize cloud computing. The document outlines different cloud service models including Software as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Infrastructure as a Service. It also discusses some challenges of cloud computing and tips for getting started. Ganesh describes his research focusing on auction-based and incentive-based mechanisms for multiple cloud orchestration. He concludes with future projections about cloud computing growth and job opportunities in India.

1. Sailing in the Cloud…
Ganesh Neelakanta Iyer

2. About Me
• 3 years of Industry work experience
- Sasken Communication Technologies Ltd, Bangalore
- NXP Semiconductors Pvt Ltd (Formerly Philips Semiconductors), Bangalore
• Masters in Electrical and Computer Engineering from National University of
Singapore in 2008.
• Currently Research Scholar in NUS under the guidance of A/P. Bharadwaj
Veeravalli.
Research Interests: Cloud computing, Game theory, Resource Allocation and Pricing
Personal Interests: Kathakali, Teaching, Travelling, Photography

3. Agenda
• Introduction to Cloud Computing
• Cloud Computing trends, benefits
• Some Examples of Cloud
• Different types of Clouds
• Challenges
• Getting started on Cloud
• What do I do in my research?
• Future of Cloud

4. Introduction to Cloud Computing

5. Introduction
Ever wondered how you are able to watch thousands of movies on Youtube
instantaneously?
How about searching though billions of documents as done by Google?
Do you use facebook to play games, upload photos, where do all these stored?
Ever created a document in Google Docs?
IT as a service is known as Cloud Computing. In the past IT meant computers,
infrastructure, computer scientists, electrical power, cooling, repair, etc.

6. Traditional Model Cloud Computing Model
Proprietary internal IT resources Remote, shared services
Company A Company B
Internet
Company A Company B

7. What is Cloud Computing?
Conventional Computing vs. Cloud Computing
Manually Provisioned Self-provisioned
Dedicated Hardware Shared Hardware
Fixed Capacity Elastic Capacity
Pay for Capacity Pay for Use
Capital & Operational Expenses Operational Expenses
Managed via Sysadmins Managed via APIs

8. Cloud computing trends, benefits…

9. Technology Hype Cycle 2011, AUGUST 10th !!!!!
2009 2010 and 2011
2008
2007
http://www.gartner.com/hc/images/215650_0001.gif

10. Google Trends
10-AUGUST-2011

11. Some examples that uses Cloud…

12. Pizzas from the Cloud…
• Availability is a critical requirement
• Spikes in demand
• Optimize computing capacity while
being able to handle peak demand
SOLUTION:

13. Brewing customer feedback
• Build an online community to engage with
customers and employees dynamically
• Required community management tools to
track and implement the best ideas
SOLUTION:

14. Real-estate in Cloud
• Procuring and installing
servers or upgrades are
distraction
• Difficult to anticipate
hardware demand
• Unanticipated hardware
failures leads to terrible
impact on productivity
SOLUTION:

15. Location-based commerce
• View map of your
location, and surrounding
businesses & services
• Discover what's new,
what's on sale, at which
stores around you
• Locate nearest bus stops,
train stations, taxi stands;
access real-time
estimates of next bus
arrival times
SOLUTION:

16. Different types of services…

17. Three major kinds of Cloud services

18. Challenges in Cloud Computing…

19. Challenges…
• Requires a constant Internet connection:
– No internet means no access to even your own documents
• Features might be limited:
– This situation is bound to change
– For example, you can do a lot more with Microsoft PowerPoint
than with Google Presentation's web-based offering.
– The basics are similar, but the cloud application lacks many of
PowerPoint's advanced features.
COURTESY: http://acet.rdg.ac.uk/~mab/Talks/Clouds-La-Coruna09/Talk.ppt

20. Challenges…
• Stored data might not be secure:
– How secure is the cloud?
– Can unauthorized users gain access to your confidential data?
– Only time will tell if your data is secure in the cloud.
• Stored data can be lost:
– Theoretically, data stored in the cloud is safe, replicated across
multiple machines.
– But data loss can happen
COURTESY: http://acet.rdg.ac.uk/~mab/Talks/Clouds-La-Coruna09/Talk.ppt

21. Getting started in Cloud Computing..

22. Getting started in Cloud Computing…
1. Know the different options available to you
2. Understand that scaling is a skill, not a default
3. Implement a disaster plan
4. Don’t be naïve
5. Budget for your specific use-case
6. Choose a cloud provider on your needs, not its popularity
7. Remember: some applications are not good fits for cloud
8. Think outside of the box
COURTESY: http://www.openforum.com/idea-hub/topics/the-world/article/8-tips-to-getting-started-in-cloud-computing-guy-kawasaki

23. Top 250 players in Cloud
http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/1386896

24. What do I do in my research?

25. Auction-based vs. Incentive-based
Multiple-Cloud Orchestration Mechanism
With our schemes, the Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) can offer
attractive dynamic pricing policies to the users
Users can choose appropriate CSPs based on their requirements.

26. Incentive-based Scheme
User submits the job requirements to Broker
Broker forwards this request to appropriate CSPs
CSPs offer the price based on user return ratio
and load, and send to users through Broker
Users choose appropriate CSP which maximizes
its utility calculated based on offer prize, security
index and affinity index

27. Auction-based Scheme
User chooses the desired CSP which has the maximum
trust and reputation. User then sends this desired CSP
and bid price to Broker
CSPs also submit their minimum bid price for the
resources to Broker
Broker declares the winner based on these parameters
User repeats its auction if the last auction is a failure

28. Performance Evaluation
Comparison of the revenues obtained

29. Performance Evaluation
Effect of User Preferences
Incentive based Auction based

30. Future of Cloud Computing…

31. Numbers!!!
• The number of physical servers in the World today: 50 million.
• By 2013, approximately 60% of server workloads will be virtualized
• 50% of the 8 million servers sold every year end up in data centers
• The data centers of the dot-com era consumed 1-2 MW Today data
center facilities require 20 MW, - 10 times as much as a decade ago
• Google currently controls 2% of all servers ( around 1 million) with it
saying it plans to have upwards of 10 million servers in one decade
• 98% of the market is controlled by everyone else.
COURTESY: http://www.elasticvapor.com/2010/05/cloud-computing-opportunity-by-numbers.html

32. Some facts!!!
• “Take CBSE, you can have the courseware and the books on the cloud.”
– Ms Neelam Dhawan, Managing Director, HP India in an interview to
Times of India 23-July-2011
• The cloud is one of the top strategic areas of focus for HP – Information
Week, 10-AUGUST-2011
• Cloud Computing is one of the key trends which is going to shape the
internet landscape of India – Rajan Anandan, Google India 10-AUGUST-
2011

33. Cloud computing future in India
• Cloud computing to create 1,00,000 jobs in India
– NDTV 20-JULY-2011
• The Cloud Reshapes IT Job Market –CIO.IN 28-JULY-2011
• Cloud computing in India to grow 40 pc by 2014: IDC study
2-DECEMBER 2010
• Google- world's largest search engine administrator- is pinning hopes
on the growing cloud computing market in India with plans to double
its engineering headcount in the country in next two years –
Economic times, 11-NOVEMBER-2010
• 76 per cent enterprises in India want to virtualize and adopt cloud
computing in the next one and a half year – VmWare survey, 19-
NOVEMBER-2010

34. Thank you!
ganesh.iyer@nus.edu.sg
http://ganeshniyer.com