This document discusses osmotic drug delivery systems. It begins with an introduction to osmotic pumps and their development. The document then covers the basic components of osmotic pumps including osmogens, semipermeable membranes, hydrophilic/hydrophobic polymers, and wicking agents. Several types of osmotic pumps are described, including elementary osmotic pumps, controlled porosity osmotic pumps, osmotic bursting pumps, and multi-chamber pumps. Factors that affect drug release from these systems include the drug's solubility, osmotic pressure, delivery orifice properties, and membrane type.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery system interact with the mucus layer covering the mucosal epithelial surface, & mucin molecules & increase the residence time of the dosage form at the site of the absorption.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery system is a part of controlled delivery system.
Since the early 1980,the concept of Mucoadhesion has gained considerable interest in pharmaceutical technology.
combine mucoadhesive with enzyme inhibitory & penetration enhancer properties & improve the patient complaince.
MDDS have been devloped for buccal ,nasal,rectal &vaginal routes for both systemic & local effects.
Hydrophilic high mol. wt. such as peptides that cannot be administered & poor absorption ,then MDDS is best choice.
Mucoadhesiveinner layers called mucosa inner epithelial cell lining is covered with viscoelasticfluid
Composed of water and mucin.
Thickness varies from 40 μm to 300 μm
General composition of mucus
Water…………………………………..95%
Glycoproteinsand lipids……………..0.5-5%
Mineral salts……………………………1%
Free proteins…………………………..0.5-1%
The mechanism responsible in the formation of mucoadhesive bond
Step 1 : Wetting and swelling of the polymer(contact stage)
Step 2 : Interpenetration between the polymer chains and the mucosal membrane
Step 3 : Formation of bonds between the entangled chains (both known as consolidation stage)
Electronic theory
Wetting theory
Adsorption theory
Diffusion theory
Fracture theory
Advantages over other controlled oral controlled release systems by virtue of prolongation of residence of drug in GIT.
Targeting & localization of the dosage form at a specific site
-Painless administration.
-Low enzymatic activity & avoid of first pass metabolism
If MDDS are adhere too tightlgy because it is undesirable to exert too much force to remove the formulation after use,otherwise the mucosa could be injured.
-Some patient suffers unpleasent feeling.
-Unfortunately ,the lack of standardized techniques often leads to unclear results.
-costly drug delivery system
Implantable drug delivery systems are designed to be placed under the skin and
release drugs into the blood circulation without repetitive insertion of needles.
Therefore, IDDS is defined as “a sterile drug delivery device for subcutaneous
implantation having the ability to deliver drugs at a controlled rate over a
prolonged time period, comprising a rod -shaped polymeric inner matrix
with an elongated body and two ends”.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery system interact with the mucus layer covering the mucosal epithelial surface, & mucin molecules & increase the residence time of the dosage form at the site of the absorption.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery system is a part of controlled delivery system.
Since the early 1980,the concept of Mucoadhesion has gained considerable interest in pharmaceutical technology.
combine mucoadhesive with enzyme inhibitory & penetration enhancer properties & improve the patient complaince.
MDDS have been devloped for buccal ,nasal,rectal &vaginal routes for both systemic & local effects.
Hydrophilic high mol. wt. such as peptides that cannot be administered & poor absorption ,then MDDS is best choice.
Mucoadhesiveinner layers called mucosa inner epithelial cell lining is covered with viscoelasticfluid
Composed of water and mucin.
Thickness varies from 40 μm to 300 μm
General composition of mucus
Water…………………………………..95%
Glycoproteinsand lipids……………..0.5-5%
Mineral salts……………………………1%
Free proteins…………………………..0.5-1%
The mechanism responsible in the formation of mucoadhesive bond
Step 1 : Wetting and swelling of the polymer(contact stage)
Step 2 : Interpenetration between the polymer chains and the mucosal membrane
Step 3 : Formation of bonds between the entangled chains (both known as consolidation stage)
Electronic theory
Wetting theory
Adsorption theory
Diffusion theory
Fracture theory
Advantages over other controlled oral controlled release systems by virtue of prolongation of residence of drug in GIT.
Targeting & localization of the dosage form at a specific site
-Painless administration.
-Low enzymatic activity & avoid of first pass metabolism
If MDDS are adhere too tightlgy because it is undesirable to exert too much force to remove the formulation after use,otherwise the mucosa could be injured.
-Some patient suffers unpleasent feeling.
-Unfortunately ,the lack of standardized techniques often leads to unclear results.
-costly drug delivery system
Implantable drug delivery systems are designed to be placed under the skin and
release drugs into the blood circulation without repetitive insertion of needles.
Therefore, IDDS is defined as “a sterile drug delivery device for subcutaneous
implantation having the ability to deliver drugs at a controlled rate over a
prolonged time period, comprising a rod -shaped polymeric inner matrix
with an elongated body and two ends”.
Approaches Of Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery System or GRDDSAkshayPatane
Approaches Of Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery System
Includes:
Floating and Non-Floating drug delivery system with their subtypes
Like Non-effervescent system, Effervescent system, Raft forming system,
High Density system, Expandable system, Muco-adhesive system,
Super porous hydrogel system and Magnetic Systems, etc.
Gastro retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS)Shweta Nehate
Oral route is the most acceptable route for drug administration. Apart from conventional dosage forms several other forms were developed in order to enhance the drug delivery for prolonged time period and for delivering drug to a particular target site. Gastro-retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) has gainned immense popularity in the field of oral drug delivery recently. it is a widely employed approach to retain the dosage form in the stomach for an extended period of time and release the drug slowly that can address many challenges associated with conventional oral delivery, including poor bioavailability. different innovative approaches are being applied to fabricate GRDDS. Gastroretentive drug delivery is an approach to prolong gastric residence time, there by targeting site-specific drugs release in the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) for local or systemic effects. It is obtained by retaining dosage form into stomach and by releasing the in controlled manner.
Approaches Of Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery System or GRDDSAkshayPatane
Approaches Of Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery System
Includes:
Floating and Non-Floating drug delivery system with their subtypes
Like Non-effervescent system, Effervescent system, Raft forming system,
High Density system, Expandable system, Muco-adhesive system,
Super porous hydrogel system and Magnetic Systems, etc.
Gastro retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS)Shweta Nehate
Oral route is the most acceptable route for drug administration. Apart from conventional dosage forms several other forms were developed in order to enhance the drug delivery for prolonged time period and for delivering drug to a particular target site. Gastro-retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) has gainned immense popularity in the field of oral drug delivery recently. it is a widely employed approach to retain the dosage form in the stomach for an extended period of time and release the drug slowly that can address many challenges associated with conventional oral delivery, including poor bioavailability. different innovative approaches are being applied to fabricate GRDDS. Gastroretentive drug delivery is an approach to prolong gastric residence time, there by targeting site-specific drugs release in the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) for local or systemic effects. It is obtained by retaining dosage form into stomach and by releasing the in controlled manner.
OSMOTIC drug delivery system slideshare.pptxPratik Shinde
Introduction of osmotic drug delivery system.
Mechanism of osmosis.
Basic Components of Osmotic drug delivery System.
Classification of Osmotic Drug Delivery System.
Advantage & Disadvantage of Osmotic drug delivery system.
Newer technology in Osmotic drug delivery system.
Evaluation parameters of osmotic drug delivery system.
Marketed Formulations of Osmotic drug delivery system.
Case Study about osmotic drug delivery system.
it is consist osmotic drug delivery system. and its new approaches. its advantage & disadvantage.. principle. etc
and basic camponents and osmotic pump......
Osmotic Drug Delivery System and basic components of Osmotic systemDhanashreeDavare
Introduction to Osmotic Drug Delivery System . Various Advantages and Disadvantages. Principle of osmosis.Basic components of Osmotic System. Osmotic Pumps
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
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2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Principle of osmosis
• Types of osmotic pumps
• Factors Affecting Release of drug from
osmotic drug delivery system.
3. INTRODUCTION
• Osmotic drug delivery uses the osmotic
pressure of drug or other solutes
(osmoagents) for controled delivery of drugs
.osmotic drug delivery has came a long way
since australian physiologists Rose and Nelson
developed an implantable pump in 1955 .
4. ADVANTAGES
• The delivery rate of zero order ( which is most
desirable ) is achieved with osmotic systems.
• Delivery may be delayed or pulsed , if desired .
• Higher release rates are possible with osmotic
systems compared with conventional diffusion
controlled drug delivery systems.
• Production scale up is easy.
5. DISADVANTAGES
• Expensive.
• chance of toxicity due to dose dumping .
• Rapid development of tolerance .
• hypersensitivity reaction may occur .
• integrity and consistency are difficult .
6. PRINCIPLE OF OSMOSIS
• Osmosis refers to the process of movement of solvent
from lower concentration of solute towards higher
concentration of solute across the semi permeable
membrane.
• Abbe Nollet first reported osmotic effect in 1748, but
Pfeffer in 1877 had been the pioneer quantitative
measurement of osmotic effect.
• Pfeffer measured the effect by utilizing a membrane
which is selectively permeable to water but
impermeable to sugar. The membrane separated
sugar solution from pure water.
7.
8. BASIC COMPONENTS OF OSMOTICPUMP
OSMOGEN / OSMAGENT / OSMOTIC DRIVING
AGENT
• For the selection of osmogen, the two most
critical properties to be considered are
osmotic activity and aqueous solubility.
• Osmotic agents are classified as,
• • Inorganic water soluble osmogens:
Magnesium sulphate,sodium chloride,
• •Organic water soluble osmogens: Sorbitol,
Mannitol.
• Organic polymeric osmogens: Na CMC, HPMC,
HEMC,
9. SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANES
• semipermeable membrane must possess
certain performance criteria:
• It must have sufficient wet strength and water
permeability.
• It should be selectively permeable to water
and biocompatible.
• Cellulose acetate is a commonly employed
semipermeable membrane for the preparation
of osmotic pumps.
10. HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROBHOBIC
POLYMERS
• These polymers are used in the formulation
development of osmotic systems containing
matrix core.
• The selection of polymer is based on the
solubility of drug as well as the amount and
rate of drug to be released from the pump.
• The highly water soluble compounds can be
co-entrapped in hydrophobic matrices and
moderately water soluble compounds can be
entrapped in hydrophilic matrices to obtain
more controlled release.
11. WICKING AGENTS
• It is defined as a material with the ability to
draw water into the porous network of a
delivery device.
• The function of the wicking agent is to draw
water to surfaces inside the core of the tablet,
thereby creating channels or a network of
increased surface area.
• Examples: colloid on silicon dioxide, kaolin,
titanium dioxide, alumina, niacinamide,sodium
lauryl sulphate(SLS).
12.
13. ELEMENTARY OSMOTIC PUMP (EOP)
• Rose Nelson pump was further simplified in
theorem of elementary osmotic pump
(byTheeuwes, 1975) which made osmotic
delivery as a major method of achieving
controlled drug release.
ELEMENTARY OSMOTIC PUMP (EOP)
It essentially contains an active agent having a suitable
osmotic pressure. It is fabricated as a tablet coated
with semi permeable membrane, usually cellulose
acetate.
A small orifice is drilled through the membrane
coating.
15. This pump eliminates the separate salt chamber unlike others,
When this coated tablet is exposed to an aqueous environment, the
osmotic pressure of the soluble drug inside the tablet draws water
through the semi permeable coating and a saturated aqueous
solution of drug is formed inside the device.
The membrane is non-extensible and the increase in volume due to
imbibition of water raises the hydrostatic pressure inside the tablet,
eventually leading to flow of saturated solution of active agent out
of the device through the small orifice.
The process continues at a constant rate till the entire solid drug
inside the tablet is eliminated leaving only solution filled shell.
This residual dissolved drug is delivered at a slower rate to attain
equilibrium between external and internal drug solution.
16. CONTROLLED POROSITY OSNMOTIC
PUMP(CPOP)
• The delivery orifice is formed by incorporation
of a leachable water-soluble component in the
coating material.
• Drug release from the whole surface of device
rather than from a single hole which may
reduce stomach irritation problem.
17.
18. OSMOTIC BURSTING OSMOTIC PUMP
• Core: API ± osmogents
• Coat: Semi permeable membrane without
delivery orifice
• When placed in aqueous environment, water
is imbibed and hydraulic pressure is built up
inside the system, then wall ruptures and the
contents are released.
• It is used for pulsated release.
19. MULTICHAMBER OSMOTIC PUMP
• Push Pull Osmotic System (PPOP)
• They contain two or three compartment
separated by elastic diaphragm Upper
compartment contain drug with or without
Osmogen (drug compartment nearly 60 - 80
%)and lower compartment (Push
compartment)contain Osmogen at 20- 40 %.It
is a bilayer tablet coated with semi permeable
membrane.
20.
21.
22. SANDWICHED OSMOTIC TABLETS (SOTS)
• It is composed of polymeric push layer
sandwiched between two drug layers with two
delivery orifices.
• When placed in the aqueous environment the
middle push layer containing the swelling
agents, swells and the drug is released from
the delivery orifices.
• Advantage : the drug is released from the two
orifices situated on opposite sides of the
tablet
23.
24. • A. Solubility.
• B. Osmotic pressure.
• C. Delivery orifice.
• D. Membrane type.
FACTORS AFFECTING RELEASE OF
MEDICAMENT FROM OSMOTIC DDS
