This document discusses types of orthodontic appliances, including mechanical appliances which can be removable or fixed. Removable appliances include active and functional appliances, while fixed appliances include brackets and screws. Removable appliances are used to treat minor issues like incisor inclination, narrow arches, and single teeth, while fixed appliances can be used for more complex treatments involving multiple tooth movements. Removable appliances have advantages like low cost and ease of use but also limitations in the movements they can achieve.

2. Introduction
Orthodontic appliances can be classified into:
1- Mechanical
2- functional

3. Introduction
Mechanical appliances could be :
1- removable appliance
2- fixed appliances

4. Fixed appliances

5. Removable appliances
•Active appliances
•Functional appliances

6. Removable appliances

7. Springs or buccal labial movements

8. Springs or buccal labial movements

9. Springs or buccal labial movements

10. Springs or buccal labial movements

11. Springs or buccal labial movements

12. Springs or buccal labial movements

14. Scrows

17. Indications
•Incisors inclination
•To treat arch individually
•Narrow arches
•Unilateral cross bite
•Single malpositioned teeth
•Bit correction
•Bad habits

18. Contraindications
•Sever skeletal discrepancy
•Upper and lower arches correlation treatment
•Sever rotation
•Bodily movements
•Vertical discrepancy
•Sever crowding
•Very dens bone

19. Advantages
•Simple tipping treatment
•Platform involvement
•Few teeth should be moved
•Less chair side
•Inexpensive
•Removed by patients
•Easy repair

20. Limitation
?

21. Requirements
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Aesthetic
•hygienic