The document outlines an examination process with three objectives: assessing the presenting problem, fitness for procedures, and detecting associated diseases. It describes examining the general appearance, hands, face, neck, and performing inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. Specific areas of examination include the nails, skin, conjunctivae, oral cavity, palate, tongue, and mandible. Common findings and conditions are listed.

1. Extraoral examination
Intraoral examination
Prepared by
Dr. Fatima Abdhamed Yaffai

2. Objective
Examination of the patient is subdivided into
three areas:
First: related to the presenting problem;
Second, to assess the patient's fitness for the
proposed procedure
Third, to detect any associated or coincidental
disease.

3. 1. Inspection
2. Palpation,
3. Percussion
4. Auscultation.

4.  General assessment
 Hands
 Face
 neck

5. koilonychia or nail spooning
(may suggest iron deficiency
anaemia),
cyanosis or bluish discoloration (may
suggest heart or lung disease).

6. Dupuytren's
Palmar contracture
erythema of the ring
and fifth
fingers
Joint
deformity
and
swelling
will
indicate
arthritis

7. Face:
Skin
Skin
rash
Jaundice

8. Arcus senilis Pale conjunctivae
Cataract

10. Bell’s palsy

14. Cervical Adenopathy

18. Postinflammatory
pigmentation of the
right buccal
mucosa secondary to
chronic cheek biting
Fordyce’s
granules

19. Palate. Note junction of hard and soft palate
(dotted
line), maxillary tuberosities (thick solid
arrows), palatine fovea
(thin solid arrows), rugae (broken arrows),
and incisive papilla
(asterisk). The midline raphe is clearly
evident

20. Lingual frenum
Sublingual gland
Whartan’s duct

21. Indentations on tongue

22. Geographic Tongue Fissured tongue with extensive
grooves and fissures
migratory glossitis
over the entire dorsal surface.
Benign
Extensive Median rhomboid glossitis

23. Physiologic pigmentation in an
African-American
Child..

24. Mandibular tori in the premolar region
Exostosis