organoplatinum chemistry
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
4 likes•608 views
This document discusses organoplatinum chemistry and summarizes different organoplatinum compounds. Organoplatinum chemistry involves organometallic compounds containing a carbon-platinum bond. Organoplatinum compounds exist in oxidation states from 0 to IV, with oxidation state II being the most abundant. Organoplatinum(0) compounds contain alkene and alkyne ligands as two electron donors. Organoplatinum(I) compounds are uncommon but are diamagnetic due to Pt-Pt bonds. A historically significant organoplatinum(II) compound is Zeise's salt, obtained from ethylene and potassium tetrachloroplatinate. Organoplatinum(IV) compounds include trimethyl
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Wilkinson's catalyst
Wilkinson's catalyst, chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I), is an organometallic catalyst that is very effective for the homogeneous hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Its mechanism involves five steps - ligand dissociation, oxidative addition of hydrogen, alkene coordination, migratory insertion, and reductive elimination - known as Tolman's catalytic cycle. This cycle allows the catalyst intermediates to shuttle between 18 and 16 electron configurations, making the electron shifts energetically favored.
Nanosecond photolysis
Photolysis is a chemical process where molecules are broken down by light absorption. Flash photolysis is commonly used to study short-lived intermediates in photochemical reactions, employing a photolysis flash to initiate reactions followed by a monitoring flash to measure absorption spectra. To study processes in the nanosecond time range, lasers can be used to generate photolysis pulses less than 20 nanoseconds, allowing observation of excited singlet state lifetimes and other fast reactions. Laser flash photolysis systems employ a laser pulse to synchronize a photolysis spark and provide pulses to initiate reactions and monitor absorption on nanosecond timescales, enabling identification of transient intermediates and insight into fast reaction mechanisms.
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of resonance Raman spectroscopy. It begins with introductions to Raman spectroscopy and the resonance Raman effect. It then covers the theory, instrumentation, applications to analyzing pentacene, and differences in spectra with different excitation wavelengths. Key advantages of resonance Raman spectroscopy include improved sensitivity and no need for additional probes. It concludes that tunable lasers allow analysis of multiple samples with different resonance wavelengths.
Ligand substitution reactions
This document discusses ligand substitution reactions in coordination compounds. It begins by defining ligand substitution and classifying the mechanisms as dissociative, associative, or interchange. For octahedral complexes, dissociative mechanisms are seen at high concentrations of the entering ligand and associative at low concentrations. Evidence for dissociative mechanisms includes little effect of the entering ligand on rate. Ligand substitution can also occur in octahedral complexes without breaking the metal-ligand bond. The document also discusses substitution in square planar complexes, factors affecting rate, and the trans effect, providing theories to explain it such as electrostatic polarization and pi bonding. Applications of the trans effect in synthesis are also mentioned.
Organolithium reagent hand written notes
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by helping people feel more relaxed and focused.
Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compound, Norrish type I and Type II Reaction
Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compound, Norrish type I and Type II ReactionNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad
The homolytic cleavage of covalent bonds in carbonyl compound under photochemical conditions known as Norrish Type Reactions
They are divided into two types
Norrish Type I
Norrish Type II reaction
Ligand substitution reactions
Classification Of Mechanisms, Ligand Substitution In Octahedral Complexes Without Breaking Metal-ligand Bond, Substitution Reaction In Square Planar Complexes, Factors Which Affect The Rate Of Substitution, Trans Effect (Labilizing Effect), Theories and applications Of Trans Effect
Gilman Reagent
Gilman reagent, also known as organocopper reagents, are prepared by reacting organomagnesium, organolithium, or organozinc reagents with copper(I) salts. Gilman reagents react with a variety of electrophiles including acid chlorides, aldehydes, ketones, epoxides, and alkyl halides. Some common reactions of Gilman reagents are: 1) reactions with acid chlorides to form ketones, 2) coupling reactions between two different alkyl halides to form C-C bonds, and 3) conjugate addition reactions of the organocopper reagent to unsaturated carbonyl compounds like enones. Gilman reagents offer advantages over Grignard reagents for
Recommended
Wilkinson's catalyst
Wilkinson's catalyst, chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium(I), is an organometallic catalyst that is very effective for the homogeneous hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Its mechanism involves five steps - ligand dissociation, oxidative addition of hydrogen, alkene coordination, migratory insertion, and reductive elimination - known as Tolman's catalytic cycle. This cycle allows the catalyst intermediates to shuttle between 18 and 16 electron configurations, making the electron shifts energetically favored.
Nanosecond photolysis
Photolysis is a chemical process where molecules are broken down by light absorption. Flash photolysis is commonly used to study short-lived intermediates in photochemical reactions, employing a photolysis flash to initiate reactions followed by a monitoring flash to measure absorption spectra. To study processes in the nanosecond time range, lasers can be used to generate photolysis pulses less than 20 nanoseconds, allowing observation of excited singlet state lifetimes and other fast reactions. Laser flash photolysis systems employ a laser pulse to synchronize a photolysis spark and provide pulses to initiate reactions and monitor absorption on nanosecond timescales, enabling identification of transient intermediates and insight into fast reaction mechanisms.
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
This document provides an overview of resonance Raman spectroscopy. It begins with introductions to Raman spectroscopy and the resonance Raman effect. It then covers the theory, instrumentation, applications to analyzing pentacene, and differences in spectra with different excitation wavelengths. Key advantages of resonance Raman spectroscopy include improved sensitivity and no need for additional probes. It concludes that tunable lasers allow analysis of multiple samples with different resonance wavelengths.
Ligand substitution reactions
This document discusses ligand substitution reactions in coordination compounds. It begins by defining ligand substitution and classifying the mechanisms as dissociative, associative, or interchange. For octahedral complexes, dissociative mechanisms are seen at high concentrations of the entering ligand and associative at low concentrations. Evidence for dissociative mechanisms includes little effect of the entering ligand on rate. Ligand substitution can also occur in octahedral complexes without breaking the metal-ligand bond. The document also discusses substitution in square planar complexes, factors affecting rate, and the trans effect, providing theories to explain it such as electrostatic polarization and pi bonding. Applications of the trans effect in synthesis are also mentioned.
Organolithium reagent hand written notes
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by helping people feel more relaxed and focused.
Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compound, Norrish type I and Type II Reaction
Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compound, Norrish type I and Type II ReactionNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad
The homolytic cleavage of covalent bonds in carbonyl compound under photochemical conditions known as Norrish Type Reactions
They are divided into two types
Norrish Type I
Norrish Type II reaction
Ligand substitution reactions
Classification Of Mechanisms, Ligand Substitution In Octahedral Complexes Without Breaking Metal-ligand Bond, Substitution Reaction In Square Planar Complexes, Factors Which Affect The Rate Of Substitution, Trans Effect (Labilizing Effect), Theories and applications Of Trans Effect
Gilman Reagent
Gilman reagent, also known as organocopper reagents, are prepared by reacting organomagnesium, organolithium, or organozinc reagents with copper(I) salts. Gilman reagents react with a variety of electrophiles including acid chlorides, aldehydes, ketones, epoxides, and alkyl halides. Some common reactions of Gilman reagents are: 1) reactions with acid chlorides to form ketones, 2) coupling reactions between two different alkyl halides to form C-C bonds, and 3) conjugate addition reactions of the organocopper reagent to unsaturated carbonyl compounds like enones. Gilman reagents offer advantages over Grignard reagents for
Presentation on photolysis
Discussion on photolysis, Norrish rearrangement, photolysis of azo compounds, isomerization and rearrangement, Fries rearrangement, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence
CROSSOVER EXPERIMENTS - Chemistry
Crossover experiments are a non-kinetic method to determine the mechanism of a reaction. They involve using two similar but non-identical reactants. If the product contains fragments of both reactants, it indicates an intermolecular rearrangement occurred. This was demonstrated in the industrial example of inverse vulcanization, where sulfur polymers can be joined through phosphine or amine-catalyzed S-S bond exchange. Small molecule crossover experiments and computation supported the mechanistic understanding of S-S metathesis. Crossover experiments help predict reaction mechanisms and design improved catalysts.
Photo fries rearrangement
This document summarizes the Photo-Fries rearrangement reaction and its mechanisms. The Photo-Fries rearrangement involves the intramolecular rearrangement of phenolic esters to hydroxy aryl ketones upon exposure to UV light without a catalyst. The reaction proceeds via the dissociation of the substrate into phenoxy and acyl radicals, which then recombine within the solvent cage to form intermediates that aromatize to produce the product. Photo-Fries rearrangements of anilides follow the same mechanism, with the only difference being the replacement of the bridging oxygen with nitrogen.
Photo redox reactions
The document discusses various photooxidation and photoreduction reactions in organic synthesis. It begins by introducing photochemistry and defining related terms. It then provides examples of photoreduction of ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons. Examples of photooxidation reactions include the conversion of trans-stilbene to phenanthrene and the synthesis of benzoic acids via aerobic photooxidation. The document also describes the mechanism and advantages of using a CdIn2S4 photocatalyst for selective photosynthesis of organic aromatic compounds under visible light.
Palladium-Catalyzed reactions in Medicinal Chemistry
Seminar about the revolutionary impact given by the Pd catalysis to organic synthesis and, as consequence, to medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. A tribute to three amazing Nobel Prizes and a little bit of my personal experience....
Paterno buchi reaction
The Paternò-Büchi reaction involves the photochemical reaction between a carbonyl compound and an alkene to form an oxetane ring. This reaction was first reported in 1909 by Paternò and Chieffi. Several mechanisms are possible, including those involving a diradical intermediate or photoinduced electron transfer. The reaction shows regioselectivity, site selectivity, and stereoselectivity that depend on factors such as the solvent, substituents on the carbonyl compound or alkene, and temperature. The Paternò-Büchi reaction has been used to synthesize various natural products and allows formation of oxetane rings, which are present in several biologically active compounds.
Photochemistry
Thermal reactions involve absorption or evolution of heat, while photochemical reactions require light to occur. Thermochemical reactions can take place in dark conditions, while photochemical reactions only occur in the presence of light. Temperature significantly affects thermochemical reaction rates, while light intensity mainly influences photochemical reaction rates. The free energy change of a thermochemical reaction is always negative, but a photochemical reaction's free energy change may not be negative. Photochemical reactions involve electronic excitation from light absorption. Excited states can undergo chemical reactions or transfer energy through intersystem crossing to more stable triplet states. Photochemical reactions include photoreduction, photoaddition, and photo-rearrangement reactions of carbonyl compounds and alkenes.
Synthetic Reagents & Applications in Organic Chemistry
This document discusses 12 synthetic reagents and their applications in organic chemistry. It describes the preparation, structure, and common uses of each reagent which include aluminium isopropoxide, N-bromosuccinimide, diazomethane, dicyclohexyl-carbodimide, Wilkinson reagent, Wittig reagent, osmium tetroxide, titanium chloride, diazopropane, diethyl azodicarboxylate, triphenylphosphine, and benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethyl-amino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate. These reagents are used for transformations like oxidation, reduction, bromination,
Suzuki reaction
The Suzuki reaction is a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between boronic acids or esters with organic halides, triflates, or other boron-containing compounds. This reaction occurs under basic conditions and leads to the formation of carbon-carbon single bonds, typically between an aryl or vinyl group and another aryl or vinyl group. It is commonly used to synthesize biaryl compounds. The reaction proceeds through oxidative addition, transmetallation, and reductive elimination steps. Key advantages are mild reaction conditions and availability of boronic acids. The Suzuki reaction has applications in synthesizing pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and natural products.
4. Wilkinson's Catalyst
General characteristics, application and mechanism of Wilkinson's catalyst is discussed in the lecture.
Dynamic Stereochemistry-Role of Conformation and Reactivity
Dynamic Stereochemistry-Role of Conformation and ReactivityAteos Foundation of Science Education and Research, Pune, M.S., India
Dynamic Stereochemistry and What role does conformation plays on stereochemistry is being exemplified in this presentation. Useful for the Undergraduate and Postgraduates students of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Chemical SciencesAromatic Nucleophilic Substitution
This document summarizes aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. It discusses the SNAr, SN1, and benzyne mechanisms. For SNAr, a strong withdrawing group is needed for reactivity. SN1 is rare for aromatics. In the benzyne mechanism, elimination of H forms benzyne which then adds the nucleophile, producing either ortho or para substituted products. Radiocarbon labeling is used to identify the products. In summary, the document outlines different aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanisms and factors affecting their reactivity.
BARTON REACTION.pptx
The Barton reaction involves the photolysis of an alkyl nitrite to form a δ-nitroso alcohol which can dimerize or form an oxime. Sir Derek Barton discovered this reaction in 1960 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1969 for his work, including understanding the Barton Reaction. The reaction mechanism involves homolytic cleavage of the RO-NO bond, followed by δ-hydrogen abstraction, radical recombination, and tautomerization to form an oxime. An example provided is the Barton reaction of butyl nitrite to form a δ-nitroso butanol that can then dimerize or form an oxime. Applications include the synthesis of natural products like hormones and alkaloids.
Introduction to inorganic polymers by Dr. Salma AMIR
This document provides an introduction to inorganic polymers. It begins by defining organic polymers and noting their ubiquity in modern life. It then defines inorganic polymers as macromolecules with backbones not containing carbon. Reasons for studying inorganic polymers include potential advantages over organic polymers like greater stability at high temperatures, resistance to degradation from oxygen/ozone/radiation, and fire resistance. Inorganic elements allow for tailoring polymer properties differently than carbon-based backbones. The lecture introduces inorganic polymers and their applications in engineering and technology.
Metal Carbonyls
This document provides an overview of metal carbonyls. It discusses how metal carbonyls are formed from transition metals and carbon monoxide, and examples like nickel tetracarbonyl and iron pentacarbonyl. The molecular orbital diagram of carbon monoxide is shown, explaining why it can participate in pi-backbonding. Infrared spectroscopy is described as a useful technique for analyzing metal carbonyls, as it can distinguish terminal from bridging carbonyl ligands based on the infrared absorption frequency. Factors like metal charge and other ligands that affect the carbonyl stretching frequency are also outlined. Finally, some applications of infrared spectra of metal carbonyls are mentioned.
Retrosynthetic analysis in organic synthesis
Retrosynthetic analysis, definition, importance, disconnection approach, one group two group disconnection logical and illogical disconnection approach compounds containing two nitrogen atom retrosynthetic analysis of camphor, cartisone, reserpine
Determination of reaction mechanisms
1. Reaction mechanisms can be determined through various methods like identifying products, detecting intermediates through isolation, trapping or labeling studies, studying the effects of catalysts and acids, and performing kinetic studies.
2. Isotope labeling and crossover experiments involve using isotopically labeled reactants to determine whether reaction pathways are intra- or intermolecular. Kinetic isotope effects also provide information about which bonds are broken or formed in the rate-determining step.
3. Acid and base catalysis can indicate whether proton transfer is involved in the rate-determining step. General acid catalysis means proton transfer is rate-determining while specific catalysis means it is not.
pericyclic reaction
Pericyclic reactions involve the formation and breaking of bonds in a concerted cyclic transition state. They can be classified as cycloadditions, electrocyclic reactions, sigmatropic rearrangements, cheletropic reactions, or group transfers. Examples of important pericyclic reactions discussed include the Diels-Alder reaction, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, Claisen rearrangement, and electrocyclic ring openings and closings. These reactions are useful in synthesis and occur in biological systems.
C-C Cross Coupling Reactions in Organic chemistry by Anthony crasto
C-C Cross Coupling Reactions in Organic chemistry by Anthony crasto, with examples of pharmaceuticals
Phase Transfer Catalysis and Ionic liquids
Mechanism of Phase Transfer Catalysis, Examples of Phase Transfer Catalysts, Catalysis by Ionic Liquids, Examples of Ionic Liquids, Reactions involving Ionic Liquids.
Introduction to organic compounds
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry and organic compounds. It discusses how organic chemistry originated from distinguishing living from non-living substances. While early scientists believed organic compounds contained a vital force, it was later shown that organic substances could be prepared in the lab. The document defines organic chemistry as the study of carbon compounds, as carbon can form many diverse structures through its four covalent bonds. In summary, the document traces the history and definition of organic chemistry and explains why carbon is uniquely suited to form the compounds found in living things.
Hydrocarbons
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are examples of group 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups called hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are generally colorless and hydrophobic with only weak odors.
More Related Content
What's hot
Presentation on photolysis
Discussion on photolysis, Norrish rearrangement, photolysis of azo compounds, isomerization and rearrangement, Fries rearrangement, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence
CROSSOVER EXPERIMENTS - Chemistry
Crossover experiments are a non-kinetic method to determine the mechanism of a reaction. They involve using two similar but non-identical reactants. If the product contains fragments of both reactants, it indicates an intermolecular rearrangement occurred. This was demonstrated in the industrial example of inverse vulcanization, where sulfur polymers can be joined through phosphine or amine-catalyzed S-S bond exchange. Small molecule crossover experiments and computation supported the mechanistic understanding of S-S metathesis. Crossover experiments help predict reaction mechanisms and design improved catalysts.
Photo fries rearrangement
This document summarizes the Photo-Fries rearrangement reaction and its mechanisms. The Photo-Fries rearrangement involves the intramolecular rearrangement of phenolic esters to hydroxy aryl ketones upon exposure to UV light without a catalyst. The reaction proceeds via the dissociation of the substrate into phenoxy and acyl radicals, which then recombine within the solvent cage to form intermediates that aromatize to produce the product. Photo-Fries rearrangements of anilides follow the same mechanism, with the only difference being the replacement of the bridging oxygen with nitrogen.
Photo redox reactions
The document discusses various photooxidation and photoreduction reactions in organic synthesis. It begins by introducing photochemistry and defining related terms. It then provides examples of photoreduction of ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons. Examples of photooxidation reactions include the conversion of trans-stilbene to phenanthrene and the synthesis of benzoic acids via aerobic photooxidation. The document also describes the mechanism and advantages of using a CdIn2S4 photocatalyst for selective photosynthesis of organic aromatic compounds under visible light.
Palladium-Catalyzed reactions in Medicinal Chemistry
Seminar about the revolutionary impact given by the Pd catalysis to organic synthesis and, as consequence, to medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. A tribute to three amazing Nobel Prizes and a little bit of my personal experience....
Paterno buchi reaction
The Paternò-Büchi reaction involves the photochemical reaction between a carbonyl compound and an alkene to form an oxetane ring. This reaction was first reported in 1909 by Paternò and Chieffi. Several mechanisms are possible, including those involving a diradical intermediate or photoinduced electron transfer. The reaction shows regioselectivity, site selectivity, and stereoselectivity that depend on factors such as the solvent, substituents on the carbonyl compound or alkene, and temperature. The Paternò-Büchi reaction has been used to synthesize various natural products and allows formation of oxetane rings, which are present in several biologically active compounds.
Photochemistry
Thermal reactions involve absorption or evolution of heat, while photochemical reactions require light to occur. Thermochemical reactions can take place in dark conditions, while photochemical reactions only occur in the presence of light. Temperature significantly affects thermochemical reaction rates, while light intensity mainly influences photochemical reaction rates. The free energy change of a thermochemical reaction is always negative, but a photochemical reaction's free energy change may not be negative. Photochemical reactions involve electronic excitation from light absorption. Excited states can undergo chemical reactions or transfer energy through intersystem crossing to more stable triplet states. Photochemical reactions include photoreduction, photoaddition, and photo-rearrangement reactions of carbonyl compounds and alkenes.
Synthetic Reagents & Applications in Organic Chemistry
This document discusses 12 synthetic reagents and their applications in organic chemistry. It describes the preparation, structure, and common uses of each reagent which include aluminium isopropoxide, N-bromosuccinimide, diazomethane, dicyclohexyl-carbodimide, Wilkinson reagent, Wittig reagent, osmium tetroxide, titanium chloride, diazopropane, diethyl azodicarboxylate, triphenylphosphine, and benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethyl-amino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate. These reagents are used for transformations like oxidation, reduction, bromination,
Suzuki reaction
The Suzuki reaction is a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between boronic acids or esters with organic halides, triflates, or other boron-containing compounds. This reaction occurs under basic conditions and leads to the formation of carbon-carbon single bonds, typically between an aryl or vinyl group and another aryl or vinyl group. It is commonly used to synthesize biaryl compounds. The reaction proceeds through oxidative addition, transmetallation, and reductive elimination steps. Key advantages are mild reaction conditions and availability of boronic acids. The Suzuki reaction has applications in synthesizing pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and natural products.
4. Wilkinson's Catalyst
General characteristics, application and mechanism of Wilkinson's catalyst is discussed in the lecture.
Dynamic Stereochemistry-Role of Conformation and Reactivity
Dynamic Stereochemistry-Role of Conformation and ReactivityAteos Foundation of Science Education and Research, Pune, M.S., India
Dynamic Stereochemistry and What role does conformation plays on stereochemistry is being exemplified in this presentation. Useful for the Undergraduate and Postgraduates students of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Chemical SciencesAromatic Nucleophilic Substitution
This document summarizes aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. It discusses the SNAr, SN1, and benzyne mechanisms. For SNAr, a strong withdrawing group is needed for reactivity. SN1 is rare for aromatics. In the benzyne mechanism, elimination of H forms benzyne which then adds the nucleophile, producing either ortho or para substituted products. Radiocarbon labeling is used to identify the products. In summary, the document outlines different aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanisms and factors affecting their reactivity.
BARTON REACTION.pptx
The Barton reaction involves the photolysis of an alkyl nitrite to form a δ-nitroso alcohol which can dimerize or form an oxime. Sir Derek Barton discovered this reaction in 1960 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1969 for his work, including understanding the Barton Reaction. The reaction mechanism involves homolytic cleavage of the RO-NO bond, followed by δ-hydrogen abstraction, radical recombination, and tautomerization to form an oxime. An example provided is the Barton reaction of butyl nitrite to form a δ-nitroso butanol that can then dimerize or form an oxime. Applications include the synthesis of natural products like hormones and alkaloids.
Introduction to inorganic polymers by Dr. Salma AMIR
This document provides an introduction to inorganic polymers. It begins by defining organic polymers and noting their ubiquity in modern life. It then defines inorganic polymers as macromolecules with backbones not containing carbon. Reasons for studying inorganic polymers include potential advantages over organic polymers like greater stability at high temperatures, resistance to degradation from oxygen/ozone/radiation, and fire resistance. Inorganic elements allow for tailoring polymer properties differently than carbon-based backbones. The lecture introduces inorganic polymers and their applications in engineering and technology.
Metal Carbonyls
This document provides an overview of metal carbonyls. It discusses how metal carbonyls are formed from transition metals and carbon monoxide, and examples like nickel tetracarbonyl and iron pentacarbonyl. The molecular orbital diagram of carbon monoxide is shown, explaining why it can participate in pi-backbonding. Infrared spectroscopy is described as a useful technique for analyzing metal carbonyls, as it can distinguish terminal from bridging carbonyl ligands based on the infrared absorption frequency. Factors like metal charge and other ligands that affect the carbonyl stretching frequency are also outlined. Finally, some applications of infrared spectra of metal carbonyls are mentioned.
Retrosynthetic analysis in organic synthesis
Retrosynthetic analysis, definition, importance, disconnection approach, one group two group disconnection logical and illogical disconnection approach compounds containing two nitrogen atom retrosynthetic analysis of camphor, cartisone, reserpine
Determination of reaction mechanisms
1. Reaction mechanisms can be determined through various methods like identifying products, detecting intermediates through isolation, trapping or labeling studies, studying the effects of catalysts and acids, and performing kinetic studies.
2. Isotope labeling and crossover experiments involve using isotopically labeled reactants to determine whether reaction pathways are intra- or intermolecular. Kinetic isotope effects also provide information about which bonds are broken or formed in the rate-determining step.
3. Acid and base catalysis can indicate whether proton transfer is involved in the rate-determining step. General acid catalysis means proton transfer is rate-determining while specific catalysis means it is not.
pericyclic reaction
Pericyclic reactions involve the formation and breaking of bonds in a concerted cyclic transition state. They can be classified as cycloadditions, electrocyclic reactions, sigmatropic rearrangements, cheletropic reactions, or group transfers. Examples of important pericyclic reactions discussed include the Diels-Alder reaction, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, Claisen rearrangement, and electrocyclic ring openings and closings. These reactions are useful in synthesis and occur in biological systems.
C-C Cross Coupling Reactions in Organic chemistry by Anthony crasto
C-C Cross Coupling Reactions in Organic chemistry by Anthony crasto, with examples of pharmaceuticals
Phase Transfer Catalysis and Ionic liquids
Mechanism of Phase Transfer Catalysis, Examples of Phase Transfer Catalysts, Catalysis by Ionic Liquids, Examples of Ionic Liquids, Reactions involving Ionic Liquids.
What's hot (20)
Palladium-Catalyzed reactions in Medicinal Chemistry
Palladium-Catalyzed reactions in Medicinal Chemistry
Synthetic Reagents & Applications in Organic Chemistry
Synthetic Reagents & Applications in Organic Chemistry
Dynamic Stereochemistry-Role of Conformation and Reactivity
Dynamic Stereochemistry-Role of Conformation and Reactivity
Introduction to inorganic polymers by Dr. Salma AMIR
Introduction to inorganic polymers by Dr. Salma AMIR
C-C Cross Coupling Reactions in Organic chemistry by Anthony crasto
C-C Cross Coupling Reactions in Organic chemistry by Anthony crasto
Similar to organoplatinum chemistry
Introduction to organic compounds
This document provides an overview of organic chemistry and organic compounds. It discusses how organic chemistry originated from distinguishing living from non-living substances. While early scientists believed organic compounds contained a vital force, it was later shown that organic substances could be prepared in the lab. The document defines organic chemistry as the study of carbon compounds, as carbon can form many diverse structures through its four covalent bonds. In summary, the document traces the history and definition of organic chemistry and explains why carbon is uniquely suited to form the compounds found in living things.
Hydrocarbons
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are examples of group 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons from which one hydrogen atom has been removed are functional groups called hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are generally colorless and hydrophobic with only weak odors.
History, Classification, Uses of organic chemistry
Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds found in living things. The first organic chemist, Berzelius, believed organic compounds could only come from living organisms, but Wöhler discovered the organic compound urea could be synthesized from inorganic precursors, disproving this idea of vitalism. Organic compounds make up the basic building blocks of life like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids and have a wide variety of uses from medicines to plastics.
General view of organic chemistry and iupac
Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of other elements, including hydrogen (most compounds contain at least one carbon–hydrogen bond), nitrogen, oxygen,
ES&T Wei, Xin
This document summarizes a study on the role of structure and microporosity in phenanthrene sorption by natural and engineered organic matter. Natural sorbents like humic acid, humins, and nonhydrolyzable carbons and engineered biochars were subjected to bleaching to remove aromatic carbon. Structural properties and phenanthrene sorption isotherms were obtained for original and bleached sorbents. Significant correlations between phenanthrene sorption and organic carbon-normalized surface area suggested nanopore-filling dominates phenanthrene sorption. Bleaching eliminated aromatic carbon resistant to bleaching, indicating it is derived from condensed or nonbiodegradable organic matter. For natural sorbents, increasing
Organic inorganic hybrid cobalt phthalocyanine/polyaniline as efficient catal...
Organic inorganic hybrid catalyst synthesized by doping of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) on polyaniline
support (CoPc/PANI) exhibited higher activity for the oxidation of various alcohols to the corresponding
carbonyl compounds in high to excellent yield using molecular oxygen as oxidant and isobutyraldehyde
as a sacrificial agent. Notably, the synthesized catalyst was found to be truly heterogeneous in nature and
could be easily recovered, recycled for several recycling runs without loss of catalytic activity
Similar to organoplatinum chemistry (6)
History, Classification, Uses of organic chemistry
History, Classification, Uses of organic chemistry
Organic inorganic hybrid cobalt phthalocyanine/polyaniline as efficient catal...
Organic inorganic hybrid cobalt phthalocyanine/polyaniline as efficient catal...
More from sharmeenkhan15
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TRANSITION METALS ,GARNETS, PEROVSKITES
This document provides an overview of magnetic properties in transition metals, complex compounds, and interstitial compounds. Specifically, it discusses diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism in transition metals and their magnetic moments. It also examines magnetic properties in complex compounds like perovskites and garnets, referencing several textbooks on inorganic chemistry.
HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Safety is paramount when handling hazardous chemicals in laboratories. Proper protective equipment like gloves and goggles should always be worn. Procedures for the safe storage, use and disposal of dangerous substances must be strictly followed to prevent accidents and protect human health.
MOSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY
Mossbauer spectroscopy is a technique that uses gamma ray photons to study the chemical environment of atomic nuclei. It works by exposing a solid sample to a beam of gamma rays from a radioactive source, and measuring the absorption of gamma rays by atomic nuclei in the sample. Information about the chemical environment of absorbing nuclei can be obtained from the absorption peaks in the spectra, which show gamma ray intensity as a function of the source velocity. Common radioactive sources used include cobalt-57 and tin-119, and the sample and source must contain nuclei of the same isotope.
mossbauer spectroscopy
Mossbauer spectroscopy involves the resonant absorption of gamma rays by atomic nuclei. It was first observed by Mossbauer in 1958, for which he received the Nobel Prize. The basic principles are that nuclei emitting gamma rays lose a small amount of energy to recoil, while absorbing nuclei must have slightly higher energy for resonance to occur. Doppler shift is used to scan the gamma ray energy through a range and bring the source and sample nuclei into resonance by accelerating the source. The technique provides information about oxidation states, spin states, and local environments of atoms in samples.
SUPER ACID ,SUPER BASE
This document discusses acid-base chemistry and super acids and bases. It defines acids as molecules that can donate protons or accept electron pairs in reactions. Bases are defined as substances that release hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions. Super acids are defined as having a greater acidity than 100% sulfuric acid, while super bases have a high affinity for protons. Examples of super acids include fluorosulfuric acid and triflic acid, while examples of super bases include lithium nitride and potassium hydride. The document discusses applications of super acids and bases in organic synthesis and catalysis.
BIOMINERALISATION
Biomineralization is the process by which living organisms produce minerals. It occurs through two main types: biologically controlled mineralization, where the organism controls mineral growth and placement, and biologically induced mineralization, where the organism modifies the environment to induce mineral formation. Calcium carbonate is a common biomineral found in marine organisms through photosynthesis raising the pH and carbonate concentration to precipitate calcium carbonate. Magnetite is also an important biomineral formed by magnetotactic bacteria, which synthesize chains of magnetic crystals called magnetosomes that act as a biological compass. Examples of other biogenic minerals include apatite in bones/teeth and iron oxides formed by various organisms.
solid solutions
This document discusses different types of solid solutions, including substitutional, interstitial, and complex solid solutions. It describes the requirements for forming substitutional solid solutions, such as similar ion size and charge. Interstitial solid solutions occur when the solute atom is smaller than the solvent atoms. Complex solid solutions can form through substitution of higher or lower valence cations, creating cation or anion vacancies or interstitials. X-ray powder diffraction is discussed as an experimental method to study solid solutions by determining unit cell dimensions and composition across a series.
classification of lewis bases
This document discusses the classification of Lewis bases based on frontier molecular orbital topology. It defines Lewis acids and bases and describes four types of Lewis bases: s-HOMO Lewis bases which have spherical highest occupied molecular orbitals; complex anion Lewis bases which have a hypervalent central cation saturated with anionic ligands; lobe-HOMO Lewis bases which are electron lone pair donor species with the electron pair in an sp3, sp2 or sp hybrid orbital; and π-HOMO Lewis bases which have delocalized electrons in highest occupied molecular orbitals over two or more p-orbitals such as those in alkenes, dienes and trienes. Examples are provided for each classification.
solid solutions
This document discusses solid solutions, which occur when atoms of a solute are present in the lattice of a solid solvent. It describes two types of solid solutions: substitutional and interstitial. Substitutional solid solutions can be ordered or disordered, depending on whether solute atoms randomly or regularly substitute for solvent atoms in the lattice. Interstitial solid solutions involve solute atoms fitting into the spaces between solvent atom sites in the lattice. References on inorganic structural chemistry and crystal chemistry are also provided.
liquid crystals
Liquid crystals are a state of matter that has properties between those of a conventional liquid and solid crystal. They may flow like a liquid but their molecules can be oriented in a crystal-like way. Friedrich Reinitzer discovered important features of cholesteric liquid crystals in 1888, including thermotropic, lyotropic, and metallotropic phases. Common liquid crystal phases are nematic, smectic, and cholesteric/chiral. Blue phases have a regular three-dimensional cubic structure of defects with a lattice period of several hundred nanometers. Liquid crystals can flow like liquids due to loss of positional order, and transition between solid and liquid crystal states caused by temperature change gives rise to thermotropic liquid crystals
line defects
This document is a paper on inorganic chemistry that discusses line defects in solids, specifically edge and screw dislocations. It was written by Sakshi Mishra for their M.Sc. Part 2, Semester 3 course. The paper references common solid state chemistry textbooks and building construction resources.
mossbauer spectroscopy
This document is about Mossbauer spectroscopy and discusses isomer shift, quadrupole interaction, and magnetic interaction. It analyzes Mossbauer spectroscopy and explains these three phenomena, and concludes with references for further reading on physical methods for chemists, instrumental methods of chemical analysis, and modern aspects of inorganic chemistry.
NMR SPECTROSCOPY
This document discusses proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR spectroscopy), specifically focusing on spin-spin coupling, coupling constants, and the different types of coupling that can occur including geminal, vicinal, and long range coupling. It explains that the coupling constant value increases with increasing bond angle and electronegativity. It also discusses first order spectra and provides examples of geminal, vicinal, and long range coupling, as well as factors that affect coupling constant values.
Inorganic REACTION MECHANISM
This document discusses techniques for determining the rate of inorganic chemical reactions. It describes three main techniques: direct chemical analysis, spectrophotometric methods, and electrochemical and flow methods. Direct chemical analysis involves directly analyzing reactants or products during a chemical change. Spectrophotometric methods measure how much a substance absorbs light at different wavelengths. Electrochemical and flow methods are useful for following the progress of chemical reactions, especially in sensor applications where reaction progress can determine analyte concentration. The document provides examples and details of each technique.
TWO COMPONENT SYSTEM
The document discusses different types of compound formations including compounds with congruent and incongruent melting points. It defines key terms like phase, component, degree of freedom, and explains concepts like the phase rule and how it relates the number of components, phases, and degrees of freedom in a system. Examples of systems forming compounds with congruent melting points like zinc-magnesium and systems forming compounds with incongruent melting points like picric acid-benzene are provided along with diagrams showing their phase diagrams.
DIODE ARRAY AND FLUORESCENCE DETECTOR
This document discusses HPLC detectors, focusing on diode array and fluorescence detectors. It provides details on how HPLC works to separate mixtures and describes common HPLC detectors. It explains that diode array detectors can detect absorption across a range of wavelengths to identify components, while fluorescence detectors use excitation and emission wavelengths to selectively detect some components. Both provide advantages like sensitivity and specificity over other detectors.
FRENKEL DEFECT
This document discusses Frenkel defects in solid state chemistry. It begins by introducing the topic of types of defects, specifically Frenkel defects, and mentions deriving the Frenkel defect. References are provided from three solid state chemistry textbooks on pages discussing Frenkel defects and solid state chemistry.
MASS SPECTROMETRY
This document discusses the topic of mass spectrometry and its applications in organic chemistry. It covers the basic principles of mass spectrometry, including molecular ion peaks, base peaks, and the nitrogen rule. It also examines fragmentation patterns in different classes of organic compounds. The document provides references for further reading on spectroscopy techniques and the spectroscopic identification of organic molecules.
ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
The document discusses atomic spectroscopy based on plasma sources. It introduces atomic spectroscopy and explains that it involves using plasma sources to produce excited atoms that emit electromagnetic radiation of characteristic wavelengths. The principle and instrumentation of atomic spectroscopy are described. Various applications of atomic spectroscopy are also mentioned, such as its use in chemical analysis. References are provided for further reading on the topic.
TOXICITY OF METALLIC SPECIES
This document discusses the toxicity of various metallic species, including arsenic, copper, and chromium. It provides an introduction and then examines the sources, effects, and treatments for the toxicity of each metal, addressing arsenic toxicity first, followed by copper toxicity, and ending with chromium toxicity. It lists references used at the end.
More from sharmeenkhan15 (20)
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TRANSITION METALS ,GARNETS, PEROVSKITES
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF TRANSITION METALS ,GARNETS, PEROVSKITES
Recently uploaded
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
原版制作(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(carleton毕业证书)卡尔顿大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,kP,Pakistan
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsCompexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Thornton ESPP slides UK WW Network 4_6_24.pdf
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
Recently uploaded (20)
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptx
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
waterlessdyeingtechnolgyusing carbon dioxide chemicalspdf
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
organoplatinum chemistry
- 1. GURU NANAK KHALSA COLLEGE INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (PAPER 2) BY SHARMEEN KHAN
- 3. CONTENT INTRODUCTION ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUNDS i. ORGANOPLATINUM (0) ii. ORGANOPLATINUM (I) iii. ORGANOPLATINUM (II) iv. ORGANOPLATINUM (IV) REFERENCES
- 4. ORGANOPLATINUM ORGANOPLATINUM CHEMISTRY IS A CHEMISTRY OF ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING A CARBON TO PLATINUM BOND AND THE STUDY OF PLATINUM AS A CATALYST
- 5. - ORGANOPLATINUM COMPONDS EXIST IN THE OXIDATION STATE 0 TO IV ,WITH OXIDATION STATE (II) MOST ABUNDANT
- 6. ORGANOPLATINUM (0) MOST ORGANOPLATINUM (0) COMPOUNDS CONTAIN ALKENE AND ALKYNE LIGANDS. THE ALKENE AND ALKYNE LIGANDS SERVE AS TWO ELECTRON DONORS. Eg: (PPh₃)₂Pt(C₂H₄) AND (PPh₃)₂Pt(C₂Ph₂) . NITROGEN BASED LIGANDS DO NOT OFTEN SUPPORT THE FORMATION OF PLATINUM COMPLEXES OF ALKENES AND ALKYNES .
- 7. ORGANOPLATINUM (1) PLATINUM (I) COMPOUNDS ARE UNCOMMON BUT GENERALLY ARE DIMAGNETIC BECAUSE THEY HAVE Pt-Pt BONDS. Eg : [Pt₂(CO)₆]
- 8. ORGANOPLATINUM (II) A HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT ORGANOPLATINUM(II) COMPOUND IS ZEISE’S SALT ,WHICH IS OBTAINED FROM ETHYLENE AND POTASSIUM TETRACHLOROPLATINATE. PLATINUM ALLYL COMPLEXES ARE ALSO COMMON .
- 9. ORGANOPLATINUM (IV) THE FIRST ORGANOPLATINUM COMPOUND EVER SYNTHESISED WAS TRIMETHYL PLATINUM IODIDE FROM PLATINUM (IV) CHLORIDE AND METHYL MAGNESIUM IODIDE THE COMPOUND ADOPTS A CUBANE LIKE STRUCTURE WITH FOUR TRIPLY BRIDGING IODIDE LIGANDS .