The document describes the four main organic macromolecules: carbohydrates are made of monosaccharides like glucose that are linked to form polysaccharides used for energy storage and structure; lipids are made of glycerol and fatty acids with carbon and hydrogen elements used to store energy and form membranes; proteins are made of amino acids with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur elements used for structure, reaction control, and fighting disease; nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus elements used to store and transmit genetic information.