Operation research is a scientific approach to problem solving that helps executive management make better decisions. It uses interdisciplinary teams and quantitative methods like modeling, data analysis, and optimization. Some key characteristics include a systems perspective, application of the scientific method, and improvement of decision quality. Common models include linear programming and PERT/CPM techniques. The process involves defining the problem, collecting and analyzing data, testing solutions, and making recommendations to management for action. Operation research has applications in various industries like manufacturing, defense, agriculture, and more. Several large Indian companies use these techniques to aid decision making.