A modern computer system has a collection of system programs.
System programs, also known as system utilities, provide a convenient environment for program development and execution.
Some of them are simply user interfaces to system calls; others are considerably more complex.
In the logical computer hierarchy, the lowest level is hardware. Next is the operating system, then the system programs, and finally the application programs.
A complete intoduction to Computer Software and Different types of Computer Software.
The Best ppt to any beginner to learn computer software.
thank you
A complete intoduction to Computer Software and Different types of Computer Software.
The Best ppt to any beginner to learn computer software.
thank you
Introduction to Software Engineering & Information TechnologyGaditek
For Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology this slide will guide you many things about Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology.
These slides shortly explain Computer Software and Its types with Examples.
Prepared by: Ahmad Hussain, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,Pakistan.
Email: mr.literature123@gmail.com
Introduction to Computer Software, Classification of Computer Software, Computer BIOS, Operating System, Utility Software, Compiler and Interpreter, Linker and Loader, Application Software, Programming Languages
Operating System definitions and about system calls
Operating System Services
User and Operating System-Interface
System Calls
Types of system calls
System Programs
Introduction to Software Engineering & Information TechnologyGaditek
For Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology this slide will guide you many things about Introduction to Software Engineering & Information Technology.
These slides shortly explain Computer Software and Its types with Examples.
Prepared by: Ahmad Hussain, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,Pakistan.
Email: mr.literature123@gmail.com
Introduction to Computer Software, Classification of Computer Software, Computer BIOS, Operating System, Utility Software, Compiler and Interpreter, Linker and Loader, Application Software, Programming Languages
Operating System definitions and about system calls
Operating System Services
User and Operating System-Interface
System Calls
Types of system calls
System Programs
User programs perform a particular function directly for the users. Some of the common application programs include Email, web browsers, gaming software, word processors, graphics software, media player etc.
The system programs are used to program the operating system software. While application programs provide software that is used directly by the user, system programs provide software that are used by other systems such as SaaS applications, computational science applications etc.
Information and network security 47 authentication applicationsVaibhav Khanna
Kerberos provides a centralized authentication server whose function is to authenticate users to servers and servers to users. In Kerberos Authentication server and database is used for client authentication. Kerberos runs as a third-party trusted server known as the Key Distribution Center (KDC).
Information and network security 46 digital signature algorithmVaibhav Khanna
The Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) is a Federal Information Processing Standard for digital signatures, based on the mathematical concept of modular exponentiation and the discrete logarithm problem. DSA is a variant of the Schnorr and ElGamal signature schemes
Information and network security 45 digital signature standardVaibhav Khanna
The Digital Signature Standard is a Federal Information Processing Standard specifying a suite of algorithms that can be used to generate digital signatures established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology in 1994
Information and network security 44 direct digital signaturesVaibhav Khanna
The Direct Digital Signature is only include two parties one to send message and other one to receive it. According to direct digital signature both parties trust each other and knows there public key. The message are prone to get corrupted and the sender can declines about the message sent by him any time
Information and network security 43 digital signaturesVaibhav Khanna
Digital signatures are the public-key primitives of message authentication. In the physical world, it is common to use handwritten signatures on handwritten or typed messages. ... Digital signature is a cryptographic value that is calculated from the data and a secret key known only by the signer
Information and network security 42 security of message authentication codeVaibhav Khanna
Message Authentication Requirements
Disclosure: Release of message contents to any person or process not possess- ing the appropriate cryptographic key.
Traffic analysis: Discovery of the pattern of traffic between parties. ...
Masquerade: Insertion of messages into the network from a fraudulent source
Information and network security 41 message authentication codeVaibhav Khanna
In cryptography, a message authentication code, sometimes known as a tag, is a short piece of information used to authenticate a message—in other words, to confirm that the message came from the stated sender and has not been changed.
Information and network security 40 sha3 secure hash algorithmVaibhav Khanna
SHA-3 is the latest member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST on August 5, 2015. Although part of the same series of standards, SHA-3 is internally different from the MD5-like structure of SHA-1 and SHA-2
Information and network security 39 secure hash algorithmVaibhav Khanna
The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard, including: SHA-0: A retronym applied to the original version of the 160-bit hash function published in 1993 under the name "SHA"
Information and network security 38 birthday attacks and security of hash fun...Vaibhav Khanna
Birthday attack can be used in communication abusage between two or more parties. ... The mathematics behind this problem led to a well-known cryptographic attack called the birthday attack, which uses this probabilistic model to reduce the complexity of cracking a hash function
Information and network security 35 the chinese remainder theoremVaibhav Khanna
In number theory, the Chinese remainder theorem states that if one knows the remainders of the Euclidean division of an integer n by several integers, then one can determine uniquely the remainder of the division of n by the product of these integers, under the condition that the divisors are pairwise coprime.
Information and network security 34 primalityVaibhav Khanna
A primality test is an algorithm for determining whether an input number is prime. Among other fields of mathematics, it is used for cryptography. Unlike integer factorization, primality tests do not generally give prime factors, only stating whether the input number is prime or not
Information and network security 33 rsa algorithmVaibhav Khanna
RSA algorithm is asymmetric cryptography algorithm. Asymmetric actually means that it works on two different keys i.e. Public Key and Private Key. As the name describes that the Public Key is given to everyone and Private key is kept private
Information and network security 32 principles of public key cryptosystemsVaibhav Khanna
Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is an encryption scheme that uses two mathematically related, but not identical, keys - a public key and a private key. Unlike symmetric key algorithms that rely on one key to both encrypt and decrypt, each key performs a unique function.
Information and network security 31 public key cryptographyVaibhav Khanna
Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is a cryptographic system that uses pairs of keys: public keys, and private keys. The generation of such key pairs depends on cryptographic algorithms which are based on mathematical problems termed one-way function
Information and network security 30 random numbersVaibhav Khanna
Random numbers are fundamental building blocks of cryptographic systems and as such, play a key role in each of these elements. Random numbers are used to inject unpredictable or non-deterministic data into cryptographic algorithms and protocols to make the resulting data streams unrepeatable and virtually unguessable
Information and network security 29 international data encryption algorithmVaibhav Khanna
International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) is a once-proprietary free and open block cipher that was once intended to replace Data Encryption Standard (DES). IDEA has been and is optionally available for use with Pretty Good Privacy (PGP). IDEA has been succeeded by the IDEA NXT algorithm
Information and network security 28 blowfishVaibhav Khanna
Blowfish is a symmetric-key block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier and included in many cipher suites and encryption products. Blowfish provides a good encryption rate in software and no effective cryptanalysis of it has been found to date
Information and network security 27 triple desVaibhav Khanna
Part of what Triple DES does is to protect against brute force attacks. The original DES symmetric encryption algorithm specified the use of 56-bit keys -- not enough, by 1999, to protect against practical brute force attacks. Triple DES specifies the use of three distinct DES keys, for a total key length of 168 bits
Prosigns: Transforming Business with Tailored Technology SolutionsProsigns
Unlocking Business Potential: Tailored Technology Solutions by Prosigns
Discover how Prosigns, a leading technology solutions provider, partners with businesses to drive innovation and success. Our presentation showcases our comprehensive range of services, including custom software development, web and mobile app development, AI & ML solutions, blockchain integration, DevOps services, and Microsoft Dynamics 365 support.
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Check out the webinar slides to learn more about how XfilesPro transforms Salesforce document management by leveraging its world-class applications. For more details, please connect with sales@xfilespro.com
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Operating system 12 system programs
1. Operating System 12
System Programs
Prof Neeraj Bhargava
Vaibhav Khanna
Department of Computer Science
School of Engineering and Systems Sciences
Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University Ajmer
2. System Programs
• A modern computer system has a collection
of system programs.
• System programs, also known as system
utilities, provide a convenient environment for
program development and execution.
• Some of them are simply user interfaces to
system calls; others are considerably more
complex.
• In the logical computer hierarchy, the lowest
level is hardware. Next is the operating
system, then the system programs, and finally
the application programs.
3. System Programs
• Provide a convenient environment for program
development and execution
– Some of them are simply user interfaces to system calls;
others are considerably more complex
• File management - Create, delete, copy, rename,
print, dump, list, and generally manipulate files and
directories
• Status information
– Some ask the system for info - date, time, amount of
available memory, disk space, number of users
– Others provide detailed performance, logging, and
debugging information
– Typically, these programs format and print the output to
the terminal or other output devices
– Some systems implement a registry - used to store and
retrieve configuration information
4. System Programs (Cont.)
• File modification
– Text editors to create and modify files
– Special commands to search contents of files or
perform transformations of the text
• Programming-language support - Compilers,
assemblers, debuggers and interpreters sometimes
provided
• Program loading and execution- Absolute loaders,
relocatable loaders, linkage editors, and overlay-
loaders, debugging systems for higher-level and
machine language
• Communications - Provide the mechanism for
creating virtual connections among processes,
users, and computer systems
– Allow users to send messages to one another’s
screens, browse web pages, send electronic-mail
messages, log in remotely, transfer files from one
machine to another
5. System Programs (Cont.)
• Background Services
– Launch at boot time
• Some for system startup, then terminate
• Some from system boot to shutdown
– Provide facilities like disk checking, process
scheduling, error logging, printing
– Run in user context not kernel context
– Known as services, subsystems, daemons
• Application programs
– Don’t pertain to system
– Run by users
– Not typically considered part of OS
– Launched by command line, mouse click, finger
poke
6. System Program categories
• System Programs can be divided into
following categories:
• File management
• Status information
• File modification
• Programming-language support
• Program loading and execution
• Communications
7. File management.
• These programs create, delete, copy,
rename, print, dump, list, and
generally manipulate files and
directories.
8. Status information.
• Some programs simply ask the system
for the date, time, amount of available
memory or disk space, number of
users, or similar status information.
9. File modification.
• Several text editors may be available
to create and modify the content of
files stored on disk or other storage
devices. There may also be special
commands to search contents of files
or perform transformations of the text.
10. Programming-language support.
• Compilers, assemblers, debuggers, and
interpreters for common programming
languages (such as C, C++, Java, Visual Basic,
and PERL) are often provided to the user with
the operating system.
11. Program loading and execution.
• Once a program is assembled or
compiled, it must be loaded into
memory to be executed. The system
may provide absolute loaders,
relocatable loaders, linkage editors,
and overlay loaders. Debugging
systems for either higher-level
languages or machine language are
needed as well.
12. Communications.
• These programs provide the mechanism
for creating virtual connections among
processes, users, and computer systems.
• They allow users to send messages to
one another's screens, to browse Web
pages, to send electronic-mail messages,
to log in remotely, or to transfer files
from one machine to another.
13. System Utilities
• In addition to systems programs, most
operating systems are supplied with
programs that are useful in solving
common problems or performing common
operations.
• Such applications include browsers word
processors, text editor spreadsheets,
database systems, compilers, plotting and
statistical analysis packages, and games
14. Assignment
• Explain the concept of System Programs.
Briefly describe the System Program
categories.
