This document summarizes different types of ocean energy technologies and obstacles to their commercialization. It discusses four main types of ocean energy - wave, tidal, current, and ocean thermal energy conversion. It then outlines several key obstacles to commercializing ocean energy, including problems with available technology being too advanced, high costs, and lack of political motivation and social/industry support. The document argues that increased investment, advancement in technologies, political support, public awareness, and leveraging existing offshore industries could help address these obstacles and enable commercialization of ocean energy.

1. OCEAN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT: OBSTACLES TO COMMERCIALIZATION
Presented By : Kumar Shivam (19130224)
S7, EEE
(Cochin University College of Engineering , Kuttanad)

2. CONTENTS
Need for Ocean Energy
Development
What is Ocean Energy
Obstacles to
Commercialization of
Ocean Energy
Solution for
Commercialization of Ocean
Energy

3. Need of Ocean Energy ?
Utilization of clean renewable energies to
sustain life after declination of fossil fuels
Possess a potentially greater reservoir of
power and equal technical feasibility
Ocean energy is “nonpolluting” since no
combustion occurs

4. Types of Ocean Energy Conversion
Wave Energy
Tidal Energy
Current Energy
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

5. Wave Energy
• Most commercially advanced
technology
• Electricity generation depends on
three factors:-
Strength of winds
Amount of time that the wind
blows
The distance over which it blows
• Four methods to generate electricity:-
Point Absorber
Oscillating Water Column
Attenuator
Overtopping

6. Tidal Energy
• Advantages of using Tidal
power:-
1. Reduces greenhouse effect
2. Improves the
infrastructure
3. For Recreational and
tourism purposes

7. Current Energy
When compared to wind energy , speed
of ocean currents is lower than wind
speed but water is 832 times more
denser than air due to which electricity
generated from ocean currents has been
estimated greater than 5000 GW.

8. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
• Advantages of OTEC:-
1. Works day and night with only routine pump
maintenance and little ongoing costs.
2. Open system version produces desalinated
water as well.

9. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
• OTEC Open Cycle:-
In the open cycle, warm seawater can be used as
working fluid. When the surface seawater is
flashed evaporated, it is pumped into a vaccum
chamber to produce a spray of liquid. Making the
pressure of the chamber less than the saturation
pressure of the spray of the water, it starts to
boil. Steam that is produced passess through the
turbine to generate electricity. The steam later
condensates using sea cold water and is not
returned to the evaporator. This condensation
process can be done by spraying cold seawater
over the steam after which the cold water is
discharged back to the seawater.

10. Obstacles to Commercialization of Ocean Energy Development
Problems with Evaluation
Problems within Industry
Problems with Social Support
Problems with Political Motivation
Problems with Available Technology

11. Problems with Available Technology
• Need of much advanced technology
• High construction costs
• Submerged turbines and moorings poses problem

12. Problems with Political Motivation
• No government support due to existing fossil fuel based power generation
• Requires high investment
• Need of government subsidy to attract outside investors

13. Problems with Social Support
• Need of public awareness about ocean energy
• Contradictions on public concerning sentiments regarding clean
energy, economic policy

14. Problems within Industry
• Industries to implement such large systems are not available
• No focus from the existing industry in compilation of systems for
utilization of present technology
• Political support and investor confidence is required for construction of
actual working system

15. Problems with Evaluation
• Need of proper evaluation methods to compare different technologies
with standardized set of tests
• Evaluation methods need to focus on commercial viability
• Evaluation projects must address maintenance issues

16. Solution for Commercialization of Ocean Energy
Offshore Industry
Investment
Advancement in technology
Political Support
Public Awareness

17. Thank u