Obesity has become the most significant public health issue in modern history, with more overweight individuals than underweight ones since 2000, threatening overall quality of life and economic competitiveness. The document outlines obesity-related health problems in children and emphasizes factors contributing to obesity, such as unhealthy food environments and a lack of physical activity. It advocates for lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, as well as medical interventions for obesity management.

1. OBESITY
Evolution- Origins- Remedies
Zahida Chaudhary MD

2. • Most important public health problem
For the first time in human history, in the year 2000 it was estimated
that there were more overweight than underweight people.

3. A Nation in Crisis
 Our nation stands at a crossroads
 The present obesity epidemic threatens
progress related to increasing
American’s quality and years of healthy
life
 Result – a decreased ability to compete
in the global economy.
Source: Surgeon General’s Vision for a Fit and Healthy
Nation 2010

5. Obesity-Associated Illnesses That Occur in Childhood
• Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
• Pulmonary disorders
– Obstructive sleep apnea
– Hypoventilation syndrome
• Hypertension
• Hypercholesterolemia
• Proteinuria
• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
• Gallbladder disease
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Polycystic ovarian syndrome
• Orthopedic: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
• Skin: Acanthosis nigricans , Striae

7. Elevated Visceral Fat
• Metabolically more active
• Greater effect on visceral
organs
– Greater Insulin Resistance
• hyperinsulinemia
• impaired glucose tolerance
• Type 2 diabetes
– Hyperlipidemia
• Hypertriglyceridemia
• Hypercholesterolemia
– Hypertension
Normal Fat
Abnormal Fat

10. The “Toxic Environment”
•
supersized
High-Calorie Food is…
– Highly palatable
– Inexpensive
– Heavily advertised
– Near-ubiquitous
Brownell KD & Horgen KB. Food Fight. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2003.

11. Nutritional Origins Of Obesity
Processes foods
Portion sizes
Unstructured meal time
Fast food
Snacking

13. The “Toxic Environment”
• Physical Activity is…
-To be avoided
-Nearly unnecessary
-Limited by infrastructure
-Introduction of
tv, computers and
videogames

14. Treatment and Drugs For Obesity
Dietary changes
Exercise and activity
Behavior change
Prescription weight-loss medications
Weight-loss surgery

15. Who may use obesity medications?
Health care providers often use the body mass
index (BMI) to help decide who may benefit from
weight-loss drugs.
BMI estimates overweight and obesity based on
your height in relation to your weight.
Your doctor may prescribe you a medication to
treat your obesity if you are an adult with
a BMI of 30 or greater
OR
a BMI of 27 or greater and you have obesityrelated medical problems, such as high blood
pressure, type 2 diabetes, or high cholesterol

20. There people who think that
obesity is a fact and it is genetic
so let's not do anything.
WRONG
With a healthy lifestyle we can
cure the vast majority of
obesity cases.
It is important to promote
healthy life styles like our
eating behavior, physical
activity, healthy rest, social
support, life
appreciation, amount of alcohol
consumption and avoid
smoking cigarettes and caring
about self health.