This document provides information about diabetes, including defining what diabetes is, describing the different types of diabetes, and outlining strategies for preventing and managing diabetes. It discusses diabetes risks and symptoms. It also explains the ABCs of diabetes management - A1c, blood pressure, and cholesterol - and provides targets for keeping these values healthy. The document seeks to educate about diabetes through definitions, a quiz, and tips.
Diabetes support site diabetes and elderly people presentationMaureen Coughlan
Of course, seniors (those over 65) are not the only people to be affected by diabetes: type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile-onset diabetes) is usually diagnosed during childhood, while type 2 diabetes (previously known as non-insulin dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes), the most common type, is usually diagnosed in adults over the age of 45, although a growing number of young people are developing type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs only during pregnancy.
Type 2 diabetes is linked to an unhealthy lifestyle. Major risk factors for type 2 diabetes include age, being overweight, genetic predisposition to diabetes, and a reduction in activity levels. The rates of type 2 diabetes steadily increase with age.
Diabetes support site diabetes and elderly people presentationMaureen Coughlan
Of course, seniors (those over 65) are not the only people to be affected by diabetes: type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile-onset diabetes) is usually diagnosed during childhood, while type 2 diabetes (previously known as non-insulin dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes), the most common type, is usually diagnosed in adults over the age of 45, although a growing number of young people are developing type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that occurs only during pregnancy.
Type 2 diabetes is linked to an unhealthy lifestyle. Major risk factors for type 2 diabetes include age, being overweight, genetic predisposition to diabetes, and a reduction in activity levels. The rates of type 2 diabetes steadily increase with age.
Patient with Nutritional risk are frequently seen in Clinical Practice. Nutritional screening is rapid and simple tool. Nutritional assessment is important for a detailed diagnosis of acute and chronic malnutrition. Food intake should be evaluated in all patients at risk of malnutrition
Long term spinal cord injury (SCI) and diabetes? Some research suggests the two go hand in hand with as
many as 20 percent of spinal cord injured people having adult-onset diabetes. If you have an SCI, what should
you know about diabetes?
Diabetes support site children with diabetes presentationMaureen Coughlan
Type 1 diabetes is the most common form of the condition among children and adolescents. A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) revealed that type 1 diabetes prevalence stands at 1.93 in every 1,000 children and adolescents, while type 2 diabetes affects 0.24 in every 1,000.
Since the 1980s, the number of children being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has gradually crept up at a rate of about 3 to 5 percent per year. That may not sound like much, but it’s startling when you consider that twice as many children are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes today than were diagnosed 20 to 25 years ago. Although the condition can develop at any age, we’re seeing it at younger ages than ever before and more toddlers and preschoolers are being diagnosed.
9 foods to help balance blood sugar levelskittycolbert7
When a person has diabetes, either their body does not produce enough insulin, or it cannot use the insulin correctly, so glucose accumulates in the blood. High levels of blood glucose can cause a range of symptoms, from exhaustion to heart disease.
One way to control blood sugar is to eat a healthful diet. Generally, foods and drinks that the body absorbs slowly are best because they do not cause spikes and dips in blood sugar.
The glycemic index (GI) measures the effects of specific foods on blood sugar levels. People looking to control their levels should pick foods with low or medium GI scores.
A person can also pair foods with low and high GI scores to ensure that a meal is balanced.
Below are some of the best foods for people looking to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.
Guide to Eating an Anti-Inflammatory Diet Virtual Lecture - Christina Lavner,...Summit Health
An anti-inflammatory diet, along with exercise, can yield many health benefits, such as improved symptoms of many chronic conditions, reduced cancer risk, and a lower risk of obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Learn more about this healthy way of eating and how to get started.
Prediabetes and Diabetes: Are you at risk?Summit Health
Learn how the four healthy pillars of managing diet, exercise, sleep habits, and stress can significantly reduce your chance of developing prediabetes or progressing from prediabetes to diabetes.
Patient with Nutritional risk are frequently seen in Clinical Practice. Nutritional screening is rapid and simple tool. Nutritional assessment is important for a detailed diagnosis of acute and chronic malnutrition. Food intake should be evaluated in all patients at risk of malnutrition
Long term spinal cord injury (SCI) and diabetes? Some research suggests the two go hand in hand with as
many as 20 percent of spinal cord injured people having adult-onset diabetes. If you have an SCI, what should
you know about diabetes?
Diabetes support site children with diabetes presentationMaureen Coughlan
Type 1 diabetes is the most common form of the condition among children and adolescents. A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) revealed that type 1 diabetes prevalence stands at 1.93 in every 1,000 children and adolescents, while type 2 diabetes affects 0.24 in every 1,000.
Since the 1980s, the number of children being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has gradually crept up at a rate of about 3 to 5 percent per year. That may not sound like much, but it’s startling when you consider that twice as many children are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes today than were diagnosed 20 to 25 years ago. Although the condition can develop at any age, we’re seeing it at younger ages than ever before and more toddlers and preschoolers are being diagnosed.
9 foods to help balance blood sugar levelskittycolbert7
When a person has diabetes, either their body does not produce enough insulin, or it cannot use the insulin correctly, so glucose accumulates in the blood. High levels of blood glucose can cause a range of symptoms, from exhaustion to heart disease.
One way to control blood sugar is to eat a healthful diet. Generally, foods and drinks that the body absorbs slowly are best because they do not cause spikes and dips in blood sugar.
The glycemic index (GI) measures the effects of specific foods on blood sugar levels. People looking to control their levels should pick foods with low or medium GI scores.
A person can also pair foods with low and high GI scores to ensure that a meal is balanced.
Below are some of the best foods for people looking to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.
Guide to Eating an Anti-Inflammatory Diet Virtual Lecture - Christina Lavner,...Summit Health
An anti-inflammatory diet, along with exercise, can yield many health benefits, such as improved symptoms of many chronic conditions, reduced cancer risk, and a lower risk of obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Learn more about this healthy way of eating and how to get started.
Prediabetes and Diabetes: Are you at risk?Summit Health
Learn how the four healthy pillars of managing diet, exercise, sleep habits, and stress can significantly reduce your chance of developing prediabetes or progressing from prediabetes to diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus
Evelyn Schumacher, MS, RD, CDE, Shands Jacksonville
May 27. 2005 - UNF Hispanic Health Issues Seminar
This is part 4 of an 8 part series of seminars on Hispanic Health Issues brought to you by the University of North Florida’s Dept. of Public Health, College of Health, a grant from AETNA, and the cooperation of Duval County Health Department.
Introduction
In Australia, at least 17,000 women develop gestational diabetes every year –
you are not alone! The number of women developing gestational diabetes is
expected to grow significantly over the next few decades.
Gestational diabetes is associated with an increased risk of complications
in pregnancy and birth, as well as a greater likelihood of mother and child
developing type 2 diabetes later in life. The good news is that with good
management of gestational diabetes, these risks are significantly reduced.
There have been huge advances in the knowledge about the management
and treatment of gestational diabetes and the importance of a healthy lifestyle
in keeping gestational diabetes and its complications under control. This
booklet aims to provide you with information about gestational diabetes, how
to look after your gestational diabetes and where to get assistance if you
need it.
The booklet is not designed to take the place of the valuable advice you will
receive from your diabetes team. It is designed to help you learn as much as
you can about gestational diabetes and the importance of managing your
gestational diabetes and continuing to enjoy a healthy lifestyle after you have
had your baby.
Diabetes is a problem with your body in which glucose level (Sugar level) in blood rise higher than normal. This is also called hyperglycemia. Diabetes affects each and every organ of your body. Learn more about what is diabetes and its types. Get to know its risk factors, its effects on your body, prevention tips and diet tips to reduce diabetes.
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Global Medical Cures™ | Tasty Recipes for People with Diabetes & their Families Global Medical Cures™
Global Medical Cures™ | Tasty Recipes for People with Diabetes & their Families
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
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He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
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1. Provided Courtesy of Nutrition411.com
Where Health Care Professionals
Go for Information
Diabetes ABCs
Review Date 8/12
D-0549
Contributed by Shawna Gornick-Ilagan, MS, RD, CWPC
Updated by Nutrition411.com staff
2. Disclaimer
• This presentation should not substitute or replace any
medical advice prescribed by your doctor
• This presentation is meant to provide you with general
health information to empower you and your family to
prevent or manage diabetes
3. Objectives
• What is diabetes?
• What are my risks of getting it?
• How can I prevent diabetes?
• How do I manage diabetes if I get it?
• What do the ABCs stand for?
4. What Is Diabetes?
• Diabetes is a condition in which the body is unable to
properly utilize blood sugar
6. Diabetes IQ Test
1. Every 24 hours:
a. More than 1000 adults are diagnosed with diabetes
b. More than 2000 adults are diagnosed with diabetes
c. More than 3000 adults are diagnosed with diabetes
d. More than 4000 adults are diagnosed with diabetes
7. 2. Every 24 hours:
a. About 10 children and adolescents are diagnosed
with type 1 diabetes
b. About 20 children and adolescents are diagnosed
with type 1 diabetes
c. About 30 children and adolescents are diagnosed
with type 1 diabetes
d. About 40 children and adolescents are diagnosed
with type 1 diabetes
Diabetes IQ Test
(cont’d)
8. 3. Every 24 hours:
a. Two children and adolescents are diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes
b. Five children and adolescents are diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes
c. Eight children and adolescents are diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes
d. Ten children and adolescents are diagnosed with
type 2 diabetes
Diabetes IQ Test
(cont’d)
9. 4. Every 24 hours:
a. Approximately 50 people die from diabetes
b. Approximately 100 people die from diabetes
c. Approximately 150 people die from diabetes
d. Approximately 200 people die from diabetes
Diabetes IQ Test
(cont’d)
10. 5. Every 24 hours:
a. 50 people with diabetes have a nontraumatic
lower-limb amputation
b. 100 people with diabetes have a nontraumatic
lower-limb amputation
c. 150 people with diabetes have a nontraumatic
lower-limb amputation
d. 200 people with diabetes have a nontraumatic
lower-limb amputation
Diabetes IQ Test
(cont’d)
11. 6. Every 24 hours:
a. About 30 people with diabetes develop kidney failure
b. About 60 people with diabetes develop kidney failure
c. About 90 people with diabetes develop kidney failure
d. About 130 people with diabetes develop kidney
failure
Diabetes IQ Test
(cont’d)
12. 7. Every 24 hours:
a. Nearly 5 adults with diabetes go blind
b. Nearly 15 adults with diabetes go blind
c. Nearly 25 adults with diabetes go blind
d. Nearly 50 adults with diabetes go blind
Quiz derived from information found at http://www.cdc.gov/features/livingwithdiabetes/.
Diabetes IQ Test
(cont’d)
13. • The correct answer for all questions— d.
• Over the years, high blood glucose (hyperglycemia)
damages nerves and blood vessels, leading to
complications such as:
– Heart disease
– Stroke
– Kidney disease
– Blindness
– Nerve problems
– Gum infections
– Amputation
Answer Key
14. • Some people do not have symptoms
• Other people have experienced these symptoms:
– Increased thirst
– Increased urination
– Weight loss without trying
– Blurred vision
– Increased hunger
– Increased fatigue
What Are the
Symptoms?
15. • The three types of diabetes:
– Type 1 (juvenile diabetes, insulin dependent: 5%–
10%)
– Type 2 (adult onset, noninsulin dependent):
90%–95%
– Gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy):
2%–5%
• Prediabetes
– Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
estimates that 57 million Americans 20+ years of age
have prediabetes
Types of Diabetes
20. Type 1
Diabetes:
Risk Factors• Family history of type 1 diabetes: 10%–15%
• Race: White people have a greater risk
• Presence of islet cell antibodies in the blood
Prevention
• Currently no way to prevent type 1 diabetes
• Can prevent or delay the development of complications,
such as:
– Vision, kidney, or heart failure
– Blood vessel and nerve diseases
• Prevention: Keep blood sugar near normal levels
21. • Risk factors that you cannot control:
– Family history
– Age
– Race
– History of gestational diabetes
• Risk factors that you can control:
– Lose weight if overweight
– Eat healthy and exercise
– Quit smoking
– Get treatment if you have prediabetes, high blood
pressure, or high cholesterol
Type 2 Diabetes:
Risk Factors (cont’d)
22. Gestational
Diabetes• Stay at a healthy weight and do not gain too much weight
during pregnancy
• Exercise regularly to help keep your blood sugar level
within a safe range and to prevent gestational diabetes
23. Weight Gain
During Pregnancy
Category
Weight Gain
Recommendations
If you began pregnancy at
a normal weight
25–35 pounds
If you began pregnancy
underweight
28–40 pounds
If you began pregnancy
overweight
15–25 pounds
If you are expecting twins 35–45 pounds
24. How Is It Diagnosed?
• Fasting plasma glucose: Must fast for 8 hours or more
Plasma Glucose
Results (mg/dL)
Diagnosis
99 or below Normal
100–125 Prediabetes
126 or above Diabetes
dL=deciliter, mg=milligram
25. Glucose Testing
Recommendations
• Blood glucose:
– During a regular physical
– Symptoms suggesting hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia
– During pregnancy
– Diabetic
• Starting at age 45 and every 3 years if normal results
27. Is prediabetes the same as impaired glucose tolerance or
impaired fasting?
Yes. Doctors sometimes refer to this state of elevated blood
glucose levels as impaired glucose tolerance or impaired
fasting glucose (IGT/IFG), depending on which test was used
to detect it.
Source: American Diabetes Association®
. Prediabetes FAQs. Available at: http://www.diabetes.org/pre-diabetes/faq.jsp.
Accessed August 5, 2012.
Prediabetes (cont’d)
28. Good News
• Type 2 diabetes is preventable
if you catch it early and make
some changes in your lifestyle
31. Bad
News
• Type 2 diabetes is a condition
that consumes your:
– Time
– Money
– Energy
32. How to Prevent Type 2
Diabetes
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Increase fruit and vegetable consumption
• Increase fiber intake
• Decrease fat intake
• Exercise
• Breastfeed infants:
– 20% less likely to have diabetes and high cholesterol
33. Tips to Maintain a
Healthy Weight
• Do not drink calories
• Eat slowly
• Stay hydrated
• Try the low-fat or nonfat version of foods
• Change habits
• Eat three meals each day
• Focus on fruits and vegetables
• Get enough fiber
34. Tips to Maintain a
Healthy Weight (cont’d)
Fruits and vegetables
• Canned or frozen
• Frozen grapes
• Prepackaged
• Microwaveable
• Low-fat dip
• 5 servings/day
Dietary fiber
• Beans
• Oatmeal
• Whole grain
– Pastas
– Cereals
– Breads
• Adults need 25–35 grams
(g)/day; children older than
age 3 need their age plus 5
g (minimum
recommendation)
Source: Dwyer JT. Dietary fiber for children: how much? Pediatrics. 1995;96:1019-1022.
35. Exercise
Regularly
• Exercise regularly to help raise your high-density
lipoprotein (HDL), the good cholesterol, and lower your
low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the bad cholesterol
• Aim for 30 minutes of activity or more on most days of
the week
36. Decrease Saturated
and Trans Fats
Type of Harmful Fat Food Source
Saturated fat • Animal products, such as meat,
poultry, seafood, eggs, dairy
products, lard, and butter
• Coconut, palm, and other tropical
oils
Trans fat • Partially hydrogenated vegetable
oils
• Commercial baked goods, such
as crackers, cookies, and cakes
• Fried foods, such as doughnuts
and French fries
• Shortening and margarine
37. Opt for Healthy Fats
Type of Healthy Fat Food Source
Monounsaturated fat • Olive oil, peanut oil, and canola
oil
• Avocados
• Nuts and seeds
Polyunsaturated fat • Vegetable oils, such as safflower,
corn, sunflower, soy, and
cottonseed oils
• Nuts and seeds
Omega-3 fatty acids • Fatty cold-water fish, such as
salmon, mackerel, and herring
• Flaxseeds and flax oil
• Walnuts
38. Know Where to Look
• Lose weight—calories
• Lower cholesterol—
saturated fats and trans
fats
• Manage glucose—total
carbohydrate
39. The Good News
• By managing the ABCs of diabetes, people with
diabetes can reduce their risk of heart disease and stroke
A stands for A1c
B stands for body mass index (BMI) and blood
pressure
C stands for cholesterol
40. A: Ask About Your A1c
• A1c measures average
blood glucose over the last
3 months
• Get your A1c checked at
least twice/year
A1c
Reading
Average
Blood Sugar
Level
6% 126 mg/dL
7% 134 mg/dL
8% 183 mg/dL
9% 212 mg/dL
10% 240 mg/dL
11% 269 mg/dL
12% 298 mg/dL
Source: American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes–2012. Diabetes Care [serial online]. 2012;35(suppl
1);S11-S63. Available at: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/Supplement_1/S11.full.pdf+html. Accessed August 5, 2012.
41. Healthy Plate Format
• One fourth of plate starch
• One fourth of plate meat
• One half of plate
nonstarchy vegetables
• 8 fluid ounces of reduced-
fat milk
• One serving of fruit
42. Cereal or Grains
• 15 g of carbohydrate=one serving
• One cereal or grain serving is:
– One slide of bread
– One half of a hamburger bun
– ¾ cup (C) of unsweetened cereal
– ⅓ C cooked pasta
– 3 C popcorn
– ½ C cooked oatmeal
43. • 15 g of carbohydrate=one serving
• One fruit serving is:
– ⅓ C of fruit juice
– ½ C of canned fruit
– One small piece of fruit, such as an apple
Fruit
44. • 15 g of carbohydrate=one serving
• One milk or dairy serving is:
– 1 C of milk
– 6 ounces of yogurt
Milk or Dairy
45. Starch or
Vegetables
• 15 g of carbohydrate=one serving
• One starch or vegetable serving is:
– ⅓ C of beans
– ½ C of corn or peas
– ½ C of mashed potatoes
46. Quick Reference Chart
for Eating With Diabetes
Number of Exchanges/Day for Various Calorie Levels
Calories 1200 1500 1800 2000 2200
Starch/bread 5 8 10 11 13
Meat 4 5 7 8 8
Vegetables 2 3 3 4 4
Fruit 3 3 3 3 3
Milk 2 2 2 2 2
Fat 3 3 3 4 5
Source: University of Maryland Medical Center. Diabetes diet—diabetic exchange lists. Available at:
http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/what_general_guidelines_heart-healthy_diets_000042_5.htm. Accessed August 5, 2012.
47. B: BMI
• BMI is a number calculated from a person’s weight and
height
• Higher BMI values are associated with risk for health
problems
• BMI goal=less than 25
• More information is available at:
http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/
49. B: Beware of
Your Blood
Pressure• High blood pressure raises your risk for heart attack,
stroke, eye problems, and kidney disease
• Get your blood pressure checked at every visit
• Target blood pressure=less than 130/80
50. Key Steps for Lowering
Blood Pressure
• Lose weight
• Eat more fruits and vegetables
• Reduce the amount of salt in diet
• Have lower alcohol intake
• Quit smoking
• Take blood pressure pills, if prescribed:
– Many people require more than one pill
51. C: Check Your
Cholesterol
• Several kinds of blood fats:
– Total and LDL (“lousy”) cholesterol—can narrow or
block vessels
– HDL (“healthy”) cholesterol—helps remove cholesterol
deposits
– Triglycerides—can raise your risk for heart
attack/stroke
52. Know Your Numbers
Value Goals
A1c Less than 7
Blood pressure Less than 130/80
Total cholesterol Less than 200
LDL cholesterol Less than 100
HDL cholesterol Greater than 40 (men)
Greater than 50 (women)
Triglycerides Less than 150
Editor's Notes
Every time you eat, your body converts your food into blood sugar. The larger the meal (carbohydrates break down into blood sugar the quickest), the more blood glucose you will have circulating in your bloodstream. Insulin is a hormone secreted by your pancreas that gets the blood sugar into the cell. Every cell in your body needs blood sugar to survive. As you can see in the first chart, this person ate a small breakfast and lunch and a very large dinner. This would not bother most people, because the pancreas will release insulin to stabilize your blood sugar to a normal value, but when you have diabetes, this will not happen.
[Note to presenter: If you want, you can hand out paper and pencils, so that attendees can write down their answers.]
Islet cells are located in the pancreas and make hormones, including insulin,…
glucagon, somatomammotropin, and pancreatic polypeptide. In some people, the immune system produces islet cell antibodies, which attack and destroy the islet cells as though they were foreign substances. This can lead to serious health conditions, such as type 1 diabetes.
The reason why so many diabetes cases are preventable is because 90%–95% of all cases are type 2 diabetes. What happens in type 2 diabetes is that extra fat is preventing the insulin from doing its job (to get sugar into the cell).