Container and field nursery production require different operational procedures. For container-grown plants, careful monitoring of nutrition is important because growing media contain few nutrients. Fertilization and pH testing help ensure proper nutrient levels. Temperature limits plant production by affecting overwintering strategies and shortening the growing season in colder climates.
Role of mulching and solarization in weed managementscience book
This is presentation on topic Role of mulching and solarization in weed management. This will support you to control weed with different and new processes which are very effective in weeds control
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS OF VEGETABLE CROPS UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVA...Mayur Thesiya
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS OF VEGETABLE CROPS UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION
Soilborne pathogens and nematodes are very destructive in vegetables crops and one of the most limiting factors to farmers income. Soil fumigation has been an essential component of greenhouses crops since the 1960s. Growing vegetables without soil fumigants has remained a challenge, in part because commercially acceptable eggplant cultivars produced through conventional breeding lack resistance to many soil borne plant pathogens. Grafting cultivars with high quality and productivity on rootstocks that are resistant to soil pests and diseases is a method known for years ago, but which was improved and quickly spread in the last years. The objective of the researches was to evaluate the performance of the eggplant grafting on the some rootstocks in greenhouse conditions, alone and in combination with soil fumigation using metham sodium. Data obtained in the combinations scion/rootstock and not grafted eggplants were compared with data recorded where the metham sodium fumigant was used and as well as with the combinations grafted eggplants planted in soil disinfested with metham sodium. The marketable yield, fruits quality, frequency and root galling index of soilborne disease and nematodes, in the experimental variants were determined and calculated. Grafting process combined with the metham sodium soil disinfestation led to significant reduction in the incidence of attack produced by soilborne disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Verticillium dahlia) and nematodes (Meloidogine incognita).
Role of mulching and solarization in weed managementscience book
This is presentation on topic Role of mulching and solarization in weed management. This will support you to control weed with different and new processes which are very effective in weeds control
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS OF VEGETABLE CROPS UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVA...Mayur Thesiya
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS OF VEGETABLE CROPS UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION
Soilborne pathogens and nematodes are very destructive in vegetables crops and one of the most limiting factors to farmers income. Soil fumigation has been an essential component of greenhouses crops since the 1960s. Growing vegetables without soil fumigants has remained a challenge, in part because commercially acceptable eggplant cultivars produced through conventional breeding lack resistance to many soil borne plant pathogens. Grafting cultivars with high quality and productivity on rootstocks that are resistant to soil pests and diseases is a method known for years ago, but which was improved and quickly spread in the last years. The objective of the researches was to evaluate the performance of the eggplant grafting on the some rootstocks in greenhouse conditions, alone and in combination with soil fumigation using metham sodium. Data obtained in the combinations scion/rootstock and not grafted eggplants were compared with data recorded where the metham sodium fumigant was used and as well as with the combinations grafted eggplants planted in soil disinfested with metham sodium. The marketable yield, fruits quality, frequency and root galling index of soilborne disease and nematodes, in the experimental variants were determined and calculated. Grafting process combined with the metham sodium soil disinfestation led to significant reduction in the incidence of attack produced by soilborne disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Verticillium dahlia) and nematodes (Meloidogine incognita).
DRYLAND AGRICULTURE - CURRENT STATUS AND CHALLENGESAshokh Aravind S
Dryland farming, current status, issues, practices, types of dryland agriculture, methods of dryland farming, water conservation, management of dryland, improving dryland productivity
Weed biology is the study of the establishment, growth, reproduction, and life cycles of weed species and weed societies/vegetation. Weed biology is an integrated science with the aim of minimizing the negative effects, as well as using and developing the positive effects, of weeds.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
A presentation on study of special classification created with the help of fundamentals of Agriculture Written By Arun Katyayan. Images Source : Google
This ppt is about the distribution of wasteland and problem soils. Those lands are wastelands which are ecologically unstable,
whose topsoil has nearly been completely lost, and
which have developed toxicity in the root zones or growth of most plants, both annual crops and trees”.
Fertilizer Control Order (FCO) is a crucial regulatory framework implemented by governments to ensure the quality, availability, and proper use of fertilizers. It serves as a mechanism to monitor and regulate the production, distribution, labeling, and sale of fertilizers, with the ultimate goal of promoting sustainable agriculture and safeguarding the interests of farmers and consumers.
The FCO encompasses a wide range of provisions and regulations that govern various aspects of the fertilizer industry. One of its primary objectives is to ensure the quality of fertilizers available in the market. The FCO sets specific standards for nutrient content, physical characteristics, impurities, and labeling requirements. By enforcing these standards, the FCO aims to prevent the sale of substandard or adulterated fertilizers that could have detrimental effects on crop productivity and soil health.
Another key aspect of the FCO is the regulation of fertilizer pricing. Governments often intervene to control the prices of fertilizers to make them affordable for farmers. The FCO may include provisions to monitor and control the pricing of fertilizers, ensuring that they remain accessible to farmers while preventing price manipulation and exploitation.
The FCO also addresses the licensing and registration of fertilizer manufacturers, importers, and distributors. Manufacturers and importers are required to obtain licenses or registrations from the designated regulatory authorities. This helps in maintaining a record of fertilizer producers and suppliers, ensuring accountability, and enabling traceability in case of any quality-related issues or non-compliance.
To ensure compliance with the FCO, regulatory bodies are empowered with inspection and monitoring mechanisms. They conduct regular inspections of fertilizer manufacturing facilities, storage sites, and distribution channels to verify compliance with quality standards, labeling requirements, and other provisions of the FCO. Non-compliance can lead to penalties, fines, or even suspension of licenses, acting as a deterrent for violations and promoting adherence to the regulations.
The FCO also addresses the issue of fertilizers' safe and efficient use. It may mandate the inclusion of information on fertilizer labels regarding dosage, application methods, and safety precautions. This helps farmers make informed decisions about fertilizer application, preventing excessive or improper use that can lead to environmental pollution, nutrient imbalances, and crop damage. The FCO may also encourage the promotion of organic and biofertilizers, providing incentives and support for their production and utilization.
DRYLAND AGRICULTURE - CURRENT STATUS AND CHALLENGESAshokh Aravind S
Dryland farming, current status, issues, practices, types of dryland agriculture, methods of dryland farming, water conservation, management of dryland, improving dryland productivity
Weed biology is the study of the establishment, growth, reproduction, and life cycles of weed species and weed societies/vegetation. Weed biology is an integrated science with the aim of minimizing the negative effects, as well as using and developing the positive effects, of weeds.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
A presentation on study of special classification created with the help of fundamentals of Agriculture Written By Arun Katyayan. Images Source : Google
This ppt is about the distribution of wasteland and problem soils. Those lands are wastelands which are ecologically unstable,
whose topsoil has nearly been completely lost, and
which have developed toxicity in the root zones or growth of most plants, both annual crops and trees”.
Fertilizer Control Order (FCO) is a crucial regulatory framework implemented by governments to ensure the quality, availability, and proper use of fertilizers. It serves as a mechanism to monitor and regulate the production, distribution, labeling, and sale of fertilizers, with the ultimate goal of promoting sustainable agriculture and safeguarding the interests of farmers and consumers.
The FCO encompasses a wide range of provisions and regulations that govern various aspects of the fertilizer industry. One of its primary objectives is to ensure the quality of fertilizers available in the market. The FCO sets specific standards for nutrient content, physical characteristics, impurities, and labeling requirements. By enforcing these standards, the FCO aims to prevent the sale of substandard or adulterated fertilizers that could have detrimental effects on crop productivity and soil health.
Another key aspect of the FCO is the regulation of fertilizer pricing. Governments often intervene to control the prices of fertilizers to make them affordable for farmers. The FCO may include provisions to monitor and control the pricing of fertilizers, ensuring that they remain accessible to farmers while preventing price manipulation and exploitation.
The FCO also addresses the licensing and registration of fertilizer manufacturers, importers, and distributors. Manufacturers and importers are required to obtain licenses or registrations from the designated regulatory authorities. This helps in maintaining a record of fertilizer producers and suppliers, ensuring accountability, and enabling traceability in case of any quality-related issues or non-compliance.
To ensure compliance with the FCO, regulatory bodies are empowered with inspection and monitoring mechanisms. They conduct regular inspections of fertilizer manufacturing facilities, storage sites, and distribution channels to verify compliance with quality standards, labeling requirements, and other provisions of the FCO. Non-compliance can lead to penalties, fines, or even suspension of licenses, acting as a deterrent for violations and promoting adherence to the regulations.
The FCO also addresses the issue of fertilizers' safe and efficient use. It may mandate the inclusion of information on fertilizer labels regarding dosage, application methods, and safety precautions. This helps farmers make informed decisions about fertilizer application, preventing excessive or improper use that can lead to environmental pollution, nutrient imbalances, and crop damage. The FCO may also encourage the promotion of organic and biofertilizers, providing incentives and support for their production and utilization.
Photographs taken at Hall Farm Plant Nursery March 2014Misha Jepson
Photographs taken in March 2014 at Hall Farm Plant Nursery, Kinnerley, Shropshire of the plants and flowers by Misha Jepson Photographer from Mishasview
Anjani Mehta is a Proprietress of Veena Nursery dedicated to work with Nature to create ecologically friendly gardens using native plants and trees to develop sustainable gardens, to grow food as well if desired. Consultants for Green Buildings to select the appropriate plants and create the right micro climate preferably with fragrant flowers and delicious fruits as well! that is ecological enhancement. We recycle Grey Water using simple treatments to imitate Nature and then reuse the water for irrigation of the gardens created or to replenish the Ground Water and so raise the Water Table. Where we cannot work with live plants we manage well with artificial flowers, plants, trees,sand, pebbles, rocks or what ever is required to create beautiful forms from small flower arrangements to trees as large as 25 feet tall, everything artificial for the indoor locations or difficult situation where real plants will not grow. We have created long walls with artificial green plants to give the look and feel of real Green Wall, a Vertical Garden or what ever is desired by the clients.
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Fruit & Vegetable Cultivation”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Hydroponics is a way to skip the soil, sub in a different material to support the roots of the plant, and grow crops directly in nutrient-rich water. The main principles of hydroponics are increased oxygen to the root zone, and liquid feed delivered directly to roots. These factors result in increased growth rates, and increased yields when compared to tradition soil gardens where much lower oxygen and often nutrient levels are present.
Hydroponics is currently a promising system to develop distinctive plants. Hydroponics is a strategy which can deal with anybody effortlessly. Man can develop plants by hydroponics as their side interest or cultivating and at the same time, they can gather the new vegetables.
There are six main types of hydroponic systems to choose from:
Wick Systems.
Deep Water Culture (DWC)
Nutrient Film Technique (NFT).
Ebb and Flow (Flood and Drain)
Aeroponics.
Drip Systems.
Md Mahedi Hasan Zahid
IUBAT (192)
Email: rsdzahid@gmail.com
All about tillage information. You should download it as tell every way of dealing a tillage. You will get hundred marks for getting this. If you want i should upload more than you should contact me. Tillage is helpfull for environmental as well as agricultural uses because it has been used by many thanks.
this presentation is about HYDROPONICS AND AEROPONICS
AIR DYNAMICS
AQUAPONICS
PERMACULTURE …………. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
URBAN FORESTS
MIYAWAKI FOREST METHODS
Similar to Nursery Plant Production Steps by Allah Dad Khan (20)
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Producing NurseryProducing Nursery
CropsBy Allah Dad KhanCropsBy Allah Dad Khan
What are the operational proceduresWhat are the operational procedures
used for container and field nurseries?used for container and field nurseries?
3. Key Questions
What is the importance of nursery
production in Pakistan ?
Why are marketing and product mix
important to nurseries?
What are the differences between container
and field-grown plants?
Why is nutrition monitoring important in
producing container-grown plants?
How does temperature limit the production
of plants?
4. What is the importance of
nursery production in Pakistan
• Nursery production is considered
relatively new
• Top 4 Nursery InHazara
• Fruit Nursey Fasrm Haripur, Haji Abdul
Salam Nursery Farm , Awan Nursery
Farm , Gulshan Nursery Farm
5. Why are marketing and
product mix important to
nurseries?
• Container Nurseries
– Determines the propagation needs of
nursery
– General rule- 70% of plants grown
should be staples of industry
– Specialty nursery- only grow one or two
species
6. Field Nursery
– Typical crops:
• Shade trees- red maple most popular
• Flowering trees- crab apple most popular
• Evergreen and deciduous shrubs
– Specialize in growing seedlings.
7. What are the differences
between container and field-
grown plants?
8. Container-Grown
Production
• Propagation
– Important factors of media:
• Firmly hold cuttings
• Free of insects and diseases
• Good water-holding capacity
• Excellent aeration and drainage
– Aeration- exchange or air in the soil with the air
in atmosphere
– Container- provides protection for plant root
system
9. Container selection criteria:
• Adequate drainage
• Hold sufficient volume of media
• Lightweight
• Easy to handle
• Durable
• Free of toxic substances
• Prevent root circling
10. Container selection and pruning
– Must consider consumer appeal
– Root circling- root systems become too long
for their containers
– Prevention of root circling:
• Air root pruning
• Bottomless containers
• Copper compounds
– Pruning may be necessary to induce growth and
to remove undesirable growth and damaged or
dead stems.
11. Watering C-G Plants
• Determine water needs by:
– Weighing pots
– Feeling growing medium
– Using indicator plants that readily show
water stress
• Water in early morning to minimize
evaporation loss
12. Irrigation System
• Check irrigation systems regularly
for uniformity.
• Cyclic irrigation, applying water in
two or more applications, conserves
water.
13. Container beds
• Stand alone plot that contains only
container plants
• Factors to consider:
– Size of plant being produced
– Container spacing requirements
– Production practices
(pruning/fertilization)
14. Cotainers
– Weight of containers
– Irrigation design
– Coverage
• Cover beds (ground) with:
– Black polyethylene-short life
– Ground cover cloth- 3 to 5 yr life
– Gravel- allows weed growth
– Crushed seashells- plants root into bed
15. Overwintering C-G plants
• Roots are not as cold-hardy as shoots
• Container temperature is less than 5
degree F than air temperature
• Drying out of roots is a problem in winter
• Methods of cold protection:
– Crowding and wrapping
– Cover with whit polyethylene or winter blanket
– Overwintering houses
16. Pest Control
• Scout- individual trained to identify
plant pests
• Weed control is major problem, use
pre-emergence herbicide
• Eliminate alternate host for other
pests
17. Field Nursery Production
• Check fields to determine nutritional
requirements and need for soil
amendments
• Test soil so materials can be added
during site preparation
• May require fumigation of soil
18. Plant Spacing
• Distance between row depends on:
– Marketable size
– Harvesting equipment
– General rule: 3 feet per inch of stem
diameter at harvest
19. Liner selection and planting
• Seedling sold by stem diameter or cost per tree
• Height from few inches to three feet
• Topping- increases caliper size and uniformity
• Stubbing- cutting seedling down to stub to
regenerate a new trunk
• Vegetatively propagated liners can be purchased
in cuttings, grafted plants, tissue culture
produced plants
– Most growers prefer trees grown on their own roots
20. Production Systems
• Balled & Burlapped (B&B)- trees dug
keeping ball or soil around root
system, then covered with cloth
material
– Advantages:
• Plants can be held for limited time
• Digging and transplanting season is extended
• Less transplanting shock occurs
21. • Mechanical harvesting- tree gathered by
mechanical means, like tree spade
• Bare root (BR)- trees dug without taking
soil; may have more transplant shock than
container grown liners
– Advantages:
• Lightweight plants
• Economical shipping
• Initial cost per plant is lower
– Disadvantages:
• Exposure to environmental extremes damages fine
roots
• Handling problems
• Field Survival
22. • Gro-bag- cylinder of porous fabric with
plastic bottom
– Prevents formation of tap roots, allowing more
of root system to be harvested
– Quicker harvest than B&B
• Pot-in-pot- planted container placed in a
holder pot
– Combination of container and field production
23. Fertilization
• Steps to take to implement fertility
program:
– Determine soil types
– Perform soil tests
– Interpret results
– Make corrective applications
• Soil sampling- should be a representative
sample
24. • Incorporate nutrients prior to planting:
– P, K, Ca, Mg
– Lime- to raise pH
• Tissue analysis:
– Monitor plant nutritional levels
– Sample during fall- stored levels determine the
spring growth
– Sample mature leaves
25. • Nitrogen requirements:
– Deciduous trees- 250 lb./N/yr/acre
– Narrowleaf evergreens- retain needle-like
leaves through the winter, require
200.n/N/yr/acre
– Broadleaf evergreens- do not have needle-like
leaves, but retain leaves through the winter,
require 100 lb./N/yr/acre
– Apply nitrogen in split applications
26. Pruning
• Helps control growth and shape of nursery
stock
• Removes dead, diseased, or damaged stems
• Serves to control plant size and remove
weak areas in branching pattern
• Root pruning removes outward root tips to
encourage plants root system to remain
within a small area.
– Enables easier transplanting
27. Irrigation
• Especially important during
transplanting and establishment
• Reduce production time
• Overhead irrigation- wastes water by
up to 25%
29. Why is nutrition and monitoring important in
producing C-G plants?
• Fertilization of C-G plants
– Most growing media contain minimal
nutrients
– Types of fertilizers used:
• Pre-plant amendments
– Dolomitic limestone- provides Ca and Mg and
neutralizes acidity
– Add 5-8 lbs per cubic yard of media
– Ideal pH for most plants is 5.0-6.0
30. – Micronutrients
• Required in small quantities, but essential
• Prevent chlorosis and stunting
• Application usually good for one year
• Controlled release fertilizer-
nutrient becomes available to plant
over extended period of time
– Media temperature between 70-80
degrees F
– N,P,K needed in a ratio of 3-1-2
– Best to mix into media
31. • Quick release fertilizer
– Readily soluble and immediate nutrition
– 10-10-10 is an example
• Liquid feed system- Concentrated
fertilizer mixed in a holding tank, then
diluted and injected into an irrigation
system
– Liquid fertilizer- fluid in which the plant
nutrients are in true solution
– Used as supplement to controlled release
fertilizers
32. Monitoring Nutrition of C-G
plants
• Use to determine excessive or
deficient nutrient status of media
• Two tests to perform: pH and soluble
salts
33. • Pour-through method- simple method of
sampling media fertility
– Advantages
• Short time for extraction
• Conducted in the field
• No medium handled
• No specialized equipment for extraction
• Does not rupture controlled release capsules
34. • Interpreting media analysis,
consider:
– Nutritional requirement of species
tested
– Stage of crop growth
– Time of year
– Fertilization program
– Growing medium
– Other environmental and cultural
factors
35. • Test every two week & plot data
– High soluble salt levels means water frequently
to leach out nutrients
– Low soluble salt levels means it is time to
fertilize
– High pH means inject acids:
• Sulfuric acid
• Iron sulfate
– To raise pH add:
• Dolomitic limestone
• Calcium carbonate
• Hydrated lime
– Can use foliar analysis
• Leaf tissue test to diagnose nutrient deficiency
symptoms
36. Why does temperature limit the
production of plants?
• Cold, winter temperatures in
particular cause two concerns
– Overwintering- How will you carry the
plant through the winter
– Length of growing season- cold temps
shorten the growing season