This is a complete review of the Nox T3 distributed by Carefusion. This level 3 home sleep diagnostic system is a best in class device which also qualifies as a medical grade sleep bruxism monitor.
MCL. LCL.ALL injuries
To understand the relevant anatomy of the side ligaments of the knee
To study the mechanism of injury of each ligament and how to diagnose such injury
To highlight the different treatment options in acute or chronic situations
presentation about the non TKR options for OA knee.discussed with data and clinical evidence by dr mohamed ashraf HOD govt TD medical college alleppey kerala india
The Ilizarov apparatus is a type of external fixation used in orthopedic surgery to lengthen or reshape limb bones; as a limb-sparing technique to treat complex and/or open bone fractures; and in cases of infected nonunions of bones that are not amenable with other techniques. It is named after the orthopedic surgeon Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov from the Soviet Union, who pioneered the technique.
Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Management of Orthopedic DisordersApollo Hospitals
The management of musculoskeletal disorders is an increasing challenge to clinicians. Successful treatment relies on a wide range of multidisciplinary interventions. Adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has been used as an orthopedic treatment for several decades. Positive outcomes have been reported by many authors for orthopedic infections, wound healing, delayed union and non-union of fractures, acute traumatic ischemia of the extremities, compromised grafts, and burn injuries. HBO therapy significantly reduces the length of the patient’s hospital stay, amputation rate, and wound care expenses.
This video explains Cervical Stenosis and Cervical Spondylosis/Arthritis. When stenosis begins to affect the spinal cord this is called Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. This video highlights the history, epidemiology, and treatment options both conservative and surgical. If you or someone you know needs to be seen in regards to Cervical Stenosis/Arthritis feel free to look us up online www.beverlyspine.com or www.santamonicaspine.com OR call toll free 1-8SPINECAL-1
Do Oral Appliances to Manage Sleep Apnea Work?John Viviano
Although there is a growing body of evidence in the literature this question is still routinely asked. This presentation will go a long way in putting this question to rest!
MCL. LCL.ALL injuries
To understand the relevant anatomy of the side ligaments of the knee
To study the mechanism of injury of each ligament and how to diagnose such injury
To highlight the different treatment options in acute or chronic situations
presentation about the non TKR options for OA knee.discussed with data and clinical evidence by dr mohamed ashraf HOD govt TD medical college alleppey kerala india
The Ilizarov apparatus is a type of external fixation used in orthopedic surgery to lengthen or reshape limb bones; as a limb-sparing technique to treat complex and/or open bone fractures; and in cases of infected nonunions of bones that are not amenable with other techniques. It is named after the orthopedic surgeon Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov from the Soviet Union, who pioneered the technique.
Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Management of Orthopedic DisordersApollo Hospitals
The management of musculoskeletal disorders is an increasing challenge to clinicians. Successful treatment relies on a wide range of multidisciplinary interventions. Adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has been used as an orthopedic treatment for several decades. Positive outcomes have been reported by many authors for orthopedic infections, wound healing, delayed union and non-union of fractures, acute traumatic ischemia of the extremities, compromised grafts, and burn injuries. HBO therapy significantly reduces the length of the patient’s hospital stay, amputation rate, and wound care expenses.
This video explains Cervical Stenosis and Cervical Spondylosis/Arthritis. When stenosis begins to affect the spinal cord this is called Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. This video highlights the history, epidemiology, and treatment options both conservative and surgical. If you or someone you know needs to be seen in regards to Cervical Stenosis/Arthritis feel free to look us up online www.beverlyspine.com or www.santamonicaspine.com OR call toll free 1-8SPINECAL-1
Do Oral Appliances to Manage Sleep Apnea Work?John Viviano
Although there is a growing body of evidence in the literature this question is still routinely asked. This presentation will go a long way in putting this question to rest!
Spirometry for Primary Care Physician OfficeRandy Clare
Step by step description of how to collect spirometry tests for Asthma and COPD. Quality control tips supported by literature with links to NIH, NIOSH and the Mayo Clinic. This is a presentation that I use to discuss hand held spirometry products from Carefusion. Micro Loop, Micro Lab, Micro 1 and Pulmolife
ApneaRx is the current leader in the diagnostic oral appliance space. this device will allow the physician to predict success with an oral appliance to treat obstructive sleep apnea. This presentation lays out the need and the solution and references all of the literature
Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation in the time interval between heartbeats. It is measured by the variation in the beat-to-beat interval.
Other terms used include: "cycle length variability", "RR variability" (where R is a point corresponding to the peak of the QRS complex of the ECG wave; and RR is the interval between successive Rs), and "heart period variability".
See also Heart rate turbulence, Sinus rhythm.
Methods used to detect beats include: ECG, blood pressure, ballistocardiograms,[1][2] and the pulse wave signal derived from a photoplethysmograph (PPG). ECG is considered superior because it provides a clear waveform, which makes it easier to exclude heartbeats not originating in the sinoatrial node. The term "NN" is used in place of RR to emphasize the fact that the processed beats are "normal" beats.
How to read your SweetBeat numbers - Heart rate variabilitySweetWater_Health
This is for users who use either SweetBeat or HRV Sense. We have had a lot of questions about age specific numbers and wanted to go into detail for our users so they can get the most out of our app.
Written by CEO & co-founder, Ronda Collier.
Snoring has a much greater clinical impact on Women and Children. The condition we know as snoring is in fact much more serious. Snoring is the sound that partial airway obstruction makes.
Women and Children are at risk of the same co morbid conditions as Men with OSA. Partial Airway Collapse which is key to the condition of snoring is often overlooked in this population. This requires objective diagnostic testing to determine the impact of snoring on sleep disturbance in these populations.
Setting up a New Nox T3 for Dental OfficesRandy Clare
This is a step by step guide to setting up the Nox T3 with an overview of the features of this device that fits the in office home sleep diagnostic needs as well as functioning as a sleep bruxism monitor in the Dental office.
Telemetry 101: Exploring the New ADInstruments’ Small Animal Telemetry SystemsInsideScientific
Telemetry holds an important place in many in vivo physiology and neuroscience studies. Join Phil Griffiths, PhD for a technology overview of these unique small animal telemetry systems.
In recent years significant technological advances have been made to improve the quality and fidelity of data collected via telemetry. This webinar will explore the benefits of using telemetry and discuss the specific advantages of ADInstruments’ new small animal telemetry systems, including wireless power technology for continuous, long-term recording and the integration of Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensors for increased accuracy and fidelity. Finally, Phil will highlight a number of common applications of the telemetry systems and showcase some exciting publications from existing users. These applications range from cardiovascular physiology and intracranial pressure measurements to epilepsy and stroke models.
Key Topics Include:
- What are the benefits of telemetry over other techniques for recording physiological parameters in vivo?
- What are the advantages of wireless power technology in telemetry studies?
- How does incorporating Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensors enhance telemetry studies?
- How could ADInstruments telemetry fit into my physiology or neuroscience experiments?
Untether Your Data with EndoGear: Wireless Volumetric Blood Flow and Pressure...InsideScientific
Join Cole McLarty and Dr. Danielle Senador for an introduction to the newest biotelemetry system in the life science field, EndoGear.”
Tethered Transonic flow probes have been instrumental in life science protocols for the past 40 years. They have delivered absolute blood volume with a high level of accuracy, durability, and biocompatibility. However, tethered monitoring is complex and does not allow for the synchronized assessment of blood pressure. EndoGear allows for continuous assessment of high-fidelity, solid-state pressure, and volumetric blood flow. Using EndoGear to collect cardiac output and systemic pressure recordings, Cole and Danielle review the new platform and the research opportunities that it brings.
Key Topics Include:
What sets this equipment apart from other telemetry systems on the market
How EndoGear fits into various fields of study including physiology, safety pharmacology, and behavioral science
How EndoGear can fit into your protocols today, including data acquisition, flow probe customization, and power supply options
What strategies can be employed for analyzing months’ worth of continuous blood flow, pressure, temperature, and activity
Freedom: The Promise of Telemetry Revisited - Stellar Telemetry Webinar (TSE ...InsideScientific
The innovative Stellar Telemetry System allows individual recording of key physiological parameters in freely roaming and socially active animals. In this webinar we will discuss added capabilities of such a system, in particular flexibility and freedom for both scientist and subject. In one 'subtropical' setting we will learn how such a system can be used in a colony of primates that are free to roam, without traditional geographical or data management limitations. In the other setting we return to the lab and see how a system like this can enhance measurement capabilities in a traditional rodent model.
David Snead on The use of digital pathology in the primary diagnosis of histo...Cirdan
Recent developments in digital pathology enable the rapid scanning of microscope slides at high resolution, making the digitisation of histopathology slides for routine diagnosis purposes feasible. An important initial step in the wider adoption of this technology is the establishment of validation data assessing how effective pathologists are using digital workstations in comparison to conventional light microscopes and glass slides when examining cases for primary diagnosis. I will report on the first study sufficiently powered to demonstrate a statistically valid equivalent (i.e. non-inferior) performance of digital pathology (DP) against standard glass slide (GS) microscopy. This study examined a total of 3,017 cases were included, generating 10,138 slides, which when scanned resulted in a digital archive of 2.45 terabytes. As well as demonstrating non-inferiority of digital in comparison to glass slides the study was useful in establishing rules for slide scanning and identifying areas where digital pathology has limitations and needs to be used with caution.
Finally the presentation covers the impact adopting digital pathology will have on diagnostic laboratories, the economics of these changes and where these changes are most likely to benefit patients.
Global #1 leader in X-ray inspections. Top Checkweighers since 1964 over 100,000! Top unique multi-frequency Metal Detectors. Top Integrated Combos. Chicago assembly, SoCal technicians. www.anritsu.com/infivis
The SuperArgus state-of-the-art preclinical PET/CT system: An overview of the...Scintica Instrumentation
These systems are ideally suited for pre-clinical imaging of small animals such as mice and rats, all the way up to medium sized animals such as rabbits, non-human primates and other similarly sized animals. Some of the unique imaging capabilities include real-time imaging of awake animals, as well as multiplexed PET imaging of standard and non-standard isotopes. Key research applications and example images were reviewed.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is the gold standard in metabolic imaging, providing high sensitivity to specific radiotracer used to detect specific metabolic activity or biomarkers in vivo. The most common uses for PET imaging in pre-clinical research include oncology, neurobiology, cardiology, as well as dynamic imaging.
These systems are considered to be best in class imaging system with state of the art detectors and electronics. The systems have been designed to be self-shielded, requiring no additional shielding at the location selected for installation. The systems come in a three different bore sizes allowing for imaging of animals such as mice all the way up to rabbits and even non-human primates. The CT component of these systems has been optimized for reduced radiation exposure, rapid acquisition times, and high resolution images; all ideal for the longitudinal studies so commonly performed in pre-clinical research.
The SuperArgus system is uniquely designed to provide consistent resolution across the entire field of view, while maintaining sensitivity and system performance. Reconstruction algorithms have also been implemented to rapidly process and display the acquired images. The system performs very well for standard imaging applications such as oncology, cardiology, etc. Additionally, the system has some unique features which allow for some unique imaging capabilities such as real-time awake animal imaging, self-gated cardiac imaging, as well as multiplex imaging of standard and non-standard isotopes.
How to discuss dental snoring and sleep apnea treatment with patientsRandy Clare
Snoring and sleep apnea are common signs of disturbed sleep patterns. However, it can be difficult to talk to patients about snoring and sleep apnea treatment, particularly when patients see negative or humorous portrayals of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on social media and elsewhere. Patients might assume CPAP is the only option and not realize that dental sleep apnea treatment is an effective alternative. Patients may also feel strange talking to a dentist about a medical condition that has no obvious connection to the teeth, jaws or gums.
for more detail click https://glidewelldental.com/company/blog/how-to-discuss-sleep-apnea-treatment-with-patients
Dentists have a great treatment for snoring and sleep apnea and one in four of their patients suffer from these conditions.
But, their patients often get lost in a diagnostic process that is expensive and time consuming, often resulting in the patient not receiving care.
Dr Ken Berley DDS, JD created an informed consent protocol that gives dentists a path to start sleep treatment today and send the patient for diagnosis tomorrow.
I tried SilentNite sl for sleep apnea - this is what happenedRandy Clare
I found out I had snoring and daytime sleepiness I was treated with a SilentNite sl oral appliance. The resulting clinical journey was excellent. I shared the result with the team here at Glidewell Dental and this was the presentation
Accountable care organizations are incented to provide higher quality care at a lower total cost. This represents a big change compared to the old system that encouraged hospitals to increase revenues by performing a high volume of procedures.
Hospitals are no longer reimbursed for treatment of most healthcare-associated infections. Value-based purchasing rewards hospitals that achieve clinical and patient satisfaction metrics—at the expense of those that do not.
Regulatory pressures, such as ventilator-associated event reporting and meaningful use, also create new work and may result in lower revenues.
Frontline clinicians are spending more and more time documenting their work and have less time left to focus on patients.
The result? Hospitals and health systems have an increasing urgency to eliminate waste and inefficiency from the care delivery process in order to improve outcomes and lower the cost of care.
So that’s a financial problem. Let’s talk a little bit about how that relates to the clinical problem and the clinical goals that hospitals have. One of the opportunities, one of the neat things about this analytics and mechanical ventilation is that the clinical goals and the financial goals in ventilation are perfectly aligned. The best clinical thing to do for a patient is to get them off the vent breathing on their own as quickly as possible. The best financial thing to do is to get them off the vent breathing on their own as quickly as possible. And there are really only three goals in mechanical ventilation, it’s a complex clinical therapy with complex patients but the goals are simple. It’s to provide life support, prevent or at least reduce patient harm, and minimize time on vent.
Vyaire tri flo subglottic suctioning external presentation v4Randy Clare
This is a presentation that I gave recently on the value of subglotic suctioning vs Sub Glottic ET tube placement. Key to the use of this system is reduced hospital acquired condition and positive impact on hospital length of stay. This is a system that should be evaluated by any respiratory dept that is interested in reducing hospital acquired infections associated with Mechanical ventilation
Can Success with a Prefabricated Appliance predict success with a Custom appliance?
Feasibility Pilot Evaluating the Use of Pre-Fabricated Titratable Mandibular Advancement Device for Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
C Rip allows the generation of flow volume loops which increases ease of workflow. Titrating CPAP and evaluating flow limitation during sleep becomes a simple matter of shape recognition.
Respiratory inductance plethysmography is the most efficient and accurate process for evaluating airway flow characteristics during sleep. This educational presentation will give a complete overview of the history of the technology and lays a foundation for discussion of new technology.
The Pro Players Health Alliance (PPHA) is an organization dedicated to helping former NFL players, through providing testing and treatment options for those who suffer from sleep apnea. In addition, the PPHA is dedicated to integrating education and raising sleep apnea awareness
Complete overview of the transitional oral appliance for sleep apnea the ApneaRx. This is an excellent device to
1. manage jaw position in order to decrease CPAP pressure
2 support the mandible to reduce cpap mask leaks
3 evaluate a patients response to jaw position relative to their Snoring or OSA
A bi 2012_general_presentation_(rev4.2)Randy Clare
DDMEonline prepared this material to train dentists on the use of the Nox T3 to identify sleep bruxism patients who may have OSA a much more serious condition. Bruxism can have idiopathic cause or may occur in conjunction with interruptions in ventilation.
Home Sleep Testing...Striking perfect balanceRandy Clare
This presentation seeks to layout the key features of home diagnostic testing devices. It further sets out the points of comparison that will give the clinician the ability to make an informed decision one unit over another. The devices in the comparison are the Ares, Watch Pat, Stardust, Apnealink, Embletta, Easy ApneaTrak and the Nox T3
Jeff Wyscarver with DDMEonline.com developed this presentation to describe in detail Apnea Bruxism Index (ABI). ABI is the newest index in the vocabulary of the sleep diagnostician and references the relationship between Obstructive sleep Apnea and Sleep Bruxism
This presentation explains the step by step treatment algorithm for sleep apnea patients beginning with CPAP then proceeding through each alternative therapy. The presentation is based on guidelines for treating Adult OSA patients as developed by the AASM
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
3. Overview
• Built by Nox Medical
• Started a new era in home sleep testing
• Embraced by thousands of users world wide
• Delivers improved clinical efficiency
• Comfortable for all patient groups Pediatric thru
Adult
4. Nox Medical‘s
Vision & Mission
Advancing sleep diagnostics
through simplification,
increased efficiency, and
comfort for all patients
Our mission is Sleep for All
6. Before the Nox T3
*Photo Credit: http://lesterjacobson.com/2014/07/13/writer-
sleeps-tight-at-clinic/
The sleep world was a
messy place
• Patients could not sleep
in their own homes
• Wires kept patients
tethered to the bed
• home sleep testing was
considered inaccurate
• Clinicians had to learn
complex technical
systems
• Patients were
uncomfortable
7. After the Nox T3
*Cairns, A., Wickwire, E., Schaefer, E., & Nyanjom, D. (2014).
A pilot validation study for the NOX T3™ portable monitor for
the detection of OSA. Sleep and Breathing, 18(3), 609-614.
Unsurpassed Ergonomics
• Patients could sleep in
their own homes
• Wireless capabilities for
more comfort
• Proven level of clinical
accuracy*
• Easy to use for clinicians
and patients alike
• Created an industry
standard for Home Sleep
Testing
9. The Nox T3 Recorder –
Specifications
18 Channels
• Thorax Breathing
Effort (RIP)
• Abdomen
Breathing Effort
(RIP)
• Respiratory Sound
(Mic)
• Audio Volume
(Mic)
• Gravity (3D axis,
x, y, z)
• Oxygen saturation
levels (wireless
oximeter)
• Pulse (wireless
oximeter)
• Plethysmograph
(wirelss oximeter,
necessary for PTT)
• ExG 1 (general
purpose bipolar
input channel)
• ExG 2 (general
purpose bipolar
input channel)
• Nasal or mask
pressure
(pressure
transducer)
• Calibrated RIP
Sum (the sum of
the RIP belts)
• Calibrated RIP
Phase (the phase
difference
between the
abdomen and
thorax belts)
• Calibrated RIP
flow (derived from
the sum of the
RIP belts and is a
good substitute
for nasal flow)
• Activity
(accelerometer)
• Position
(accelerometer)
• Flow (nasal
pressure)
• Snore (nasal
pressure)
10. The Noxturnal Software – Key
Features
• Immediate
recording results
with automatic
analysis
• Full featured raw
data analysis and
scoring
• Advanced automatic
analysis algorithms
• Powerful reporting
capabilities
• Intuitive recording
management
capabilities
11. The Nox T3
System –
Ergonomics
Matter!
• Reduces likelihood
of failed studies
• Increases patient acceptance
• Reduces work for clinicians
• Easy for patients
12. The Nox T3 System - Ergonomics
• Very small size – 65g
and smaller than a
deck of cards
• Wireless capabilities for
system extensions
• Onboard microphone
• Simple snap-on sensors
• Intuitive user interface
with great flexibility
• Comfortable for the
patient to wear
• Increases patient
comfort and system
flexibility
• No need for extra audio
sensors
• Makes patient hook-up
easy
• Get work done faster
while having access to
all information
13. The Nox T3 System –
Advanced Technology
Matters!
• Reduces likelihood of failed
recordings
• Ensures clinical effectiveness
• Offers flexibility
• Lowers cost of ownership
14. The Nox T3 System – Advanced
Technology
• Bluetooth® technology
• Integrated high quality
audio microphone
• Calibrated RIP technology
• Integrated actigraph and
position sensor
• Only 1 AA battery
required
• High-speed USB
connections
• Easily replaceable parts
• Reduces mess from wires
• Technology to measure
snoring
• Reliable additional flow
signal which reduces
failed recordings
• Allows an accurate
measurement of rest time
• Low cost of operation
• Download in a matter of
seconds
• No maintenance required
16. • Identify the right
patients
• Determine the severity
of their disorders
• Crucial for determining
proper, patient-specific
treatment paths
• Increases compliance
• Important to be able to
address a wide range of
patients
Clinical Quality
Is Key!
17. The Nox T3 System – Clinical
Quality
• Integrated high quality
audio microphone
• Calibrated RIP technology
• Integrated actigraph and
position sensor
• Full plethysmography
from SpO2
• Flow Volume Loops and
Konno Mead Loops
• Auxiliary Inputs
• Technology to measure
snoring
• Reliable additional flow
signal which reduces
failed recordings
• Allows an accurate
measurement of rest time
• Allows for PTT
measurements
• Intuitive way to
accurately determine
reduction in flow
• Measure any ExG signal
to address more patient
groups (bruxism etc.)
18. The Nox T3 System – 3
Differentiators
Ergonomics
Advanced Technology
Clinical Quality
It is important to understand why the Nox Medical team built the Nox T3 Sleep Monitor.
The reason lies in the foundation of the company and why it was founded in the beginning. It was founded to address a gap in the market of sleep diagnostic solutions for pediatric patients. This important patient group was the driver behind many of the developers‘ design decisions for the Nox T3.
Even though the Nox T3 is primarily used for the adult patient population today – the design elements used make it very comfortable for a various patient groups, which othewise would be left unaddressed.
This is all governed by the company‘s Mission: Sleep for All. This mission drives our employees to advance sleep diagnostics through simplification, increased efficiency and comfort in all patient groups.
The world of sleep diagnostics has adopted the Nox T3 from inception. Since its launch in 2009, we have seen more than 12.000 units sold, world wide.
The general feedback from our users has been extremely positive. Our users have been graceful enough to share with one another their positive experiences with the product.
This positive feedback is important fuel for Nox Medical‘s employees.
The polysomnography study still remains the gold standard for sleep studies. This slide cites the obvious and well documented limitations of in lab sleep studies.
Before the Nox T3 was introduced in 2009, home sleep testing was just beginning. The devices available at that time were designed to address clinical needs while addressing shortcomings of PSG.
Nox t3 was the first system to become widely accepted as something that addressed the main limitations of PSG recordings while maintaining a high clinical value, especially for patients suffering from sleep disordered breathing.
Let‘s look at the system in more detail. Starting with the Nox T3 recorder itself.
The Noxturnal software allows users to download directly from the Nox T3 recorder. The recording takes only a few seconds to download and the analysis algorithms in the Noxturnal software automatically analyze the recording during download. This will gives the clinician an overview of the recording results. Using the reporting capabilities of the Noxturnal system, clinicians can ensure they see the results of every recording according to their own preference. Using the recording manager, clinicians are always guaranteed to find their patients‘ data.
Ergonomics are a key differentiator for the Nox T3. The simple interfaces of the recorder and software minimize the likelihood of user errors. Increases patient acceptance and allows them to sleep better. This all results in fewer failed studies which not only has an immediate payback for the clinic but results in happier patients.
Some of the key ergonomic features of the Nox T3 are listed here along with their main benefits.