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Telemetry 101: Exploring the New ADInstruments’ Small Animal Telemetry Systems
The document provides an overview of Adinstruments' small animal telemetry systems and their applications in research, emphasizing the benefits of wireless power technology for continuous monitoring of various physiological parameters. It highlights the features of both rat and mouse telemetry systems, including the ability to record from multiple animals simultaneously, improved data accuracy, and reduced experimental limitations. The document further details specific applications in cardiovascular physiology, intracranial pressure monitoring, and the advantages of using advanced telemetry for long-term studies.
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Telemetry 101: Exploring the New ADInstruments’ Small Animal Telemetry Systems
- 1. Telemetry 101: Exploring theNew ADInstruments’ Small Animal Telemetry Systems Phil Griffiths, PhD Training and Technical Support Specialist Support – Europe ADInstruments
- 2. An application andtechnical expert presents an overview of these unique small animal telemetry systems. Telemetry 101: Exploring the New ADInstruments’ Small Animal Telemetry Systems
- 3. A little aboutme... • BSc and PhD in Neuroscience from the University of Bristol, UK • 4.5 yrs post-doc experience using Kaha Sciences pressure telemeters • Telemetry Applications Specialist - Europe for Kaha Sciences • Joined ADInstruments in February 2021 • Training and Technical Support Specialist in the European Team
- 4. Overview • Why usetelemetry? • Advantages of Kaha Sciences telemetry • Integration with PowerLab and LabChart • Telemetry systems ▪ Rat ▪ Mouse • Research applications and publications
- 5. Telemetry measurements Atrial Pressure Pulmonary Artery Pressure Bladder Pressure Ventricular Pressure Intracranial Pressure Pressure Gradients Sympathetic Nerve Activity Heart Rate Aortic Pressure Cardiac FunctiondP/dt Ocular Pressure ECG* EEG* EMG* EOG* Tissue Oxygen *Mouse system is biopotential only
- 6. Acute recordings, Tethersor Telemetry? • Invasive recordings in anesthetized animals – one-off measurements • High-frequency, high fidelity sampling • Recording time minutes-hours, continuous • Non-invasive measurements – one-off or periodically repeated • Time consuming • Recording time – minutes, non-continuous • Tethering – repeated over days • Restricted movement, altered behavior, prone to infection • Movement artefacts and noise • Recording time – hours, days SNA 9 8 BP ECG
- 7. Telemetry advantages • Conscious,unrestrained • Fully implantable, less prone to infection • Minimal day-to-day maintenance • Multiple animals running simultaneously • Long term recordings • Weeks/months • Capture long-term variation in physiological parameters • Reduce costs • Fewer animals per group (Higher statistical power) • Reduced staff maintenance
- 8. Kaha Sciences Telemetryfrom ADInstruments • Telemetry Research formed ~15 years ago • Purchased by Millar in 2014 • Kaha Sciences formed in 2017 taking the telemetry technology over from Millar • ADInstruments purchased Kaha in February 2021
- 9. Kaha Sciences Telemetryfrom ADInstruments • TR181 Smartpads • TRM5 or TR5 series rat telemeters • MT110 tBases • MT10B mouse telemeters Rat Telemetry system Mouse Telemetry system Common to both • TR190 configuration system • PowerLab and LabChart
- 10. Wireless Power Transfer •SmartPad and tBase use electricity to generate magnetic wireless power field • Field passes through non-metallic surfaces • Pickup/Inductor coil in telemeter takes power from the magnetic field and converts it back into electricity. • Telemeter electronics are powered • 24/7 available power • No telemeter refurbishment
- 11. Configurator system • Telemetryhardware 100% software controlled • 40 user selected independent transmission and receiving frequencies • Monitoring and diagnostics of all hardware and telemeters • Maintaining optimal recording conditions • NOT required or used for data acquisition
- 12. Seamless integration withPowerLab and LabChart • SmartPad and tBase analog outputs connect to the analog inputs of PowerLab • Real-time data capture and analysis with LabChart 8 and LabChart Lightning • LabChart Lightning includes unlimited channels, custom calculations, cross recording analysis and much more!
- 13. Analysis Modules withLabChart 8 Pro • Blood Pressure Module - Automatically reports cardiovascular parameters from arterial or ventricular pressure signals. • The ECG (EKG) Analysis Module for LabChart automatically detects and reports PQRST onset, amplitude and intervals in real time, or after recording. • Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is determined by analyzing the time series of beat-to-beat intervals from an ECG.
- 14. PowerLab C • Simple,reliable, low latency connection between digital devices • Combined with Instrument Interface to input SmartPad/tBase signals into LabChart • The future of ADInstruments data acquisition
- 15. Kaha Sciences Telemetryfrom ADInstruments • Wireless Power Technology • No experimental limitation due to battery life • Continuous recording - capture unpredictable, spontaneous activity i.e. seizures, arrhythmias • Higher sampling rate (2 kHz) • Data accuracy • Software controlled • Reduced handling/impacts of stress • Easy integration with PowerLab and LabChart Rat Telemetry System Mouse Telemetry System
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- 17. Rat Telemetry System- Telemeters • Pressure telemeters incorporate Millar Mikro-Tip® solid state pressure sensors • Cohousing mode • Telemeters have a backup battery • Sampling up to 5m away from SmartPad for 4-6 hours (Telemeter model dependent) • Ideal for behavioural studies • All telemeters accurately measure core temperature
- 18. The solid-state MillarMikro-Tip® pressure sensor • Solid-state pressure sensor (2 Fr) at the catheter tip • Unrivalled long-term accuracy, fidelity and reproducibility compared with fluid or gel-filled catheters • Records pressure accurately at source - no signal attenuation over time • No effect of gravity, animal movement, catheter kinking or clotting • Excellent frequency response (dP/dt) • Unique applications - ICP, intravesical, compartment pressure, LVP
- 19. Cohousing mode NC3Rs ontelemetry…“investigators should be aware of potential sources of pain and distress within telemetry projects, including: distress induced by housing animals individually” - The NC3Rs is a UK-based scientific organisation dedicated to replacing, refining and reducing the use of animals in research and testing • Cohousing • allows for recording from two implanted rats in one cage, or • Customized applications • Two telemeters in one rat (>350g), mix and match between any of the 7 Kaha sciences rat telemeters to allow measurement of up to 4 signals Examples • TRM54PP2509 and TR57Y – allows measurement of ICP, ABP and brain tissue oxygen
- 20. Rat telemeters -Models and parameters *Standard Pressure catheter length 9cm – custom lengths of 15cm & 25cm available on request (extra cost) Model Parameters TRM54P Single Pressure* TRM54PP Dual Pressure* TRM54PB Pressure/Biopotential* TRM56SP Pressure/Sympathetic nerve activity TR50B Single Biopotential TR50BB Dual Biopotential TR57Y Tissue oxygen
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- 22. Mouse telemetry system •Traditional mouse telemetry • Limited recording time due to battery size/power • Low sampling rate (preservation of battery) • Cost of refurbishment • ADInstruments mouse telemetry • Battery-free telemeter • Continuous wireless power • 24/7 recording, 2kHz sampling rate • Long term recording - disease progression and ageing • Detection of spontaneous events - arrhythmia, seizures
- 23. Mouse biopotential telemeter- MT10B • Contoured for subcutaneous implantation in mice >22g • 1.8cm3 volume • Designed for single use • Optimised wireless powering • Record ECG, EMG or EEG at 2 kHz • 3 outputs - biopotential, activity index, data received
- 24. Continuous and long-termrecording with the MT10B Mouse ECG during heart attack Signal integrity 60 days post implantation – 2kHz, no filtering
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- 26. Applications - CardiovascularPhysiology • Hypertension • TRM54P - ABP • TRM54PB - ABP and ECG • Cardiac Function and MI • TRM54PB - LVP and ECG • TRM54PP - LVP and ABP • TR50B - ECG • MT10B - ECG (mouse) • Cardiovascular Control • TRM56SP - ABP and SNA
- 27. Applications - Cardiovascularphysiology • Simultaneous recording of ABP and SNA • Long-term, continuous recording • High quality data for automated analyses • Recording during surgery and behavioural paradigms https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03180-w#Sec74 Adapted from Extended Data Fig. 1
- 28. Applications - IntracranialPressure • Solid-state sensor is highly accurate, even at low pressure and sensitive to small changes in pressure • Ideal for intracranial pressure recording
- 29. Fig. 2b &c Fig. 5a & b https://fluidsbarrierscns.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12987-020-00199-z • Pressure sensor implanted epidurally • Accurate recording of low pressure waveform • Few movement artefacts • Long-term stability Applications - Intracranial pressure (50 days recording)
- 30. Applications - IntracranialPressure • Stroke • Traumatic Brain Injury • Migraine/Intracranial Hypertension • Hydrocephalus
- 31. • TR50B, TR50BBand MT10B • Continuous, long term recording • High sampling rate (2kHz) • Fewer movements artefacts, good signal quality • Ideal for detection of spontaneous events e.g. seizures and sleep • 5m transmission range of telemeters supports behavioural studies • T-maze • Water maze • Fear conditioning Applications - Neuroscience
- 32. Adapted from Fig2 Applications - Epilepsy Research Fig 1
- 33. Applications - TissueOxygen • TR57Y tissue oxygen telemeter • Unique chronic monitoring • Renal physiology • Neuronal activity • Local ischemia
- 34. Applications - Cohousingmode • TRM54PP2509 dual pressure telemeter • TR57Y tissue oxygen telemeter • Customisable experiments • Unique combinations of parameters • Maximising the use of each animal
- 35. Kaha Sciences Telemetry- Features and Benefits • Wireless power from SmartPad • No experimental limitation of battery-life • Long-term and/or continuous recording • 40 independent transmission frequencies • Easy to use • No interference between animals • 2kHz sampling rate • Improved temporal resolution Rat system benefits • Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensor • Improved accuracy and expanded applications • Cohousing Mode • Incorporate the 3Rs to refine and reduce • Unique and customisable experiments Mouse system benefits • Battery-free telemeter • High sampling rate • Continuous and long-term data collection • Single-use • Easy implantation/explantation
- 36. Thanks for attending! •Dr. Phil Griffiths (Training and Technical Support Specialist, UK): p.griffiths@adinstruments.com • European Sales Team: sales.eu@adinstruments.com • USA Sales Team: sales.us@adinstruments.com • For more information visit our website: adi.to/kaha QUESTIONS?
- 37. Phil Griffiths, PhD Trainingand Technical Support Specialist Support – Europe ADInstruments Thank you for participating! CLICK HERE to learn more and watch the webinar