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1. Novel drug delivery system
Ravish Yadav

2. DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM:
Drug delivery is the method of administering pharmaceutical
compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals.
Most common methods of drug delivery includes the oral (through the
mouth), topical (skin), trans-mucosal (nasal, buccal, sublingual,
vaginal, ocular, rectal), parenteral (injection into systemic circulation)
and inhalation routes. The drug delivery system can further be divided
into two main types:
 Conventional drug delivery system.
 Novel drug delivery system.

3. CONVENTIONAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM:
For many years the conventional dosage forms are used to treat the
acute or chronic disease. Even today these conventional dosage form
as primary pharmaceutical product in market. Eg. Tablet, Capsule
Creams, Paste, Suppositories, Emulsions, Suspensions etc.
Conventional Drug Delivery System is the classical methods for the
delivery of drug into the body. The Examples of these systems
includes:
Oral Delivery
Buccal / Sublingual Delivery
Rectal Delivery
Intravenous Delivery
Sub Cutaneous Delivery
Intramuscular Delivery

4. Why do we need NDDS ?:
The limitation associated with conventional dosage form such as:
 Poor patient compliance.
 Provide drug release for immediately and it causes fluctuation of drug
level in blood depending upon dosage form.
 A typical peak plasma concentration time profile is difficult to
maintain steady state condition.
 The unavoidable fluctuations in the drug concentration may leads to
under medication or over medication as the steady state concentration
values fall or rise beyond the therapeutic range.
Therefore to maintain the drug concentration within the therapeutically
effective range need novel drug delivery system .(NDDS)

5. NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (NDDS)
“NDDS refers to the approaches, formulations, technologies, and
systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as
needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effects.
It may involve scientific site-targeting within the body, in any case, it
is typically concerned with both quantity and duration of drug
presence”.
NDDS is advanced drug delivery system which improves drug
potency, control drug release to give a sustained therapeutic effect,
provide greater safety, finally it is to target a drug specifically to a
desired tissue.

6. Ideal Drug delivery System should deliver the drug at a
predetermined rate by the needs of the body over a specific period of
treatment.
 Spatial delivery of drug
Spatial delivery of drug which refers to targeting a drug to a specific
organ or tissue.
 Temporal delivery of drug
Temporal delivery of drug which refers to controlling the rate or
specific time of drug delivery to the target tissue.

7. Advantages:
 The frequency of drug administration is reduced.
 Patient compliance can be improved.
 The multiple dosing is reduced, because a more even blood level can be maintained.
 Improve/ control i.e. reduce fluctuation in drug level.
 Improve efficacy in treatment
 Improve bioavailability of some drugs
 Sustained & Consistent blood level with in the therapeutic window.
 The total amount of drug administration can be reduced, thus
a) Maximizing availability with minimum dose
b) Minimize or eliminate local side effects
c) Minimize or eliminate systemic side effects
d) Minimize drug accumulation with chronic dosing
 Reduction in health care costs through-
Improve therapy
Lower frequency of dosing

9. Benefit:
Therapeutic Advantage:
Reduction in drug plasma concentration
Maintenance of steady plasma level
Reduction in ADR:
Drug plasma levels are maintained with a narrow therapeutic
window with no sharp peak
Patient Compliance:

10. Disadvantages:
 Toxicity due to dose dumping.
 Administration of sustained release medication does not permit
prompt termination of therapy.
 Stability problem.
 Flexibility in adjustment in dosage regimen is limited.
 Controlled release forms are designed for normal population i.e.,
on the basis of average drug biological half lives.
 Economy factors may also be assessed, since most costly process
and equipment are involved in manufacturing so many controlled
release dosage forms.