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The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the dominant protocol for network management and uses agents and managers to monitor network devices. SNMP collects information from devices like servers, switches, routers, and printers on an IP network. It works by having SNMP agents on managed devices collect information and make it available to SNMP managers, which are separate computer systems that communicate with agents to monitor network conditions.
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The document discusses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and its role in supporting the Internet Protocol (IP). ICMP provides error reporting and simple query functions. It encapsulates messages as IP datagrams. ICMP messages have a header with fields for type, code, and checksum. The checksum covers the entire ICMP message. [/SUMMARY]
Tcp presentation
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that is widely used for data transmission over the internet. It provides process-to-process communication using port numbers and assigns sequence numbers to each transmitted data segment. TCP establishes connections using a three-way handshake between a client and server, allowing for full-duplex communication and reliable data transfer through acknowledgement numbers and retransmission of lost packets. Connections are terminated when either party closes the connection.
ip Presentation
The document discusses strategies for transitioning from IPv4 to IPv6, as a simultaneous transition is not possible due to the huge number of systems currently using IPv4. It identifies dual stacking, tunneling, and header translation as three transition strategies. Dual stacking involves running both IPv4 and IPv6 simultaneously, tunneling encapsulates IPv6 packets within IPv4 packets to pass through IPv4 regions, and header translation converts IPv6 packet headers to IPv4 format for receivers not yet using IPv6. The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 will take a considerable amount of time as systems migrate.
Aoa
Matrix chain multiplication is an optimization problem that can be solved using dynamic programming to determine the most efficient order for multiplying matrices. While the result of multiplying matrices is the same regardless of the parenthesized order, finding the optimal order can reduce the number of scalar multiplications needed. Associated matrix multiplication involves determining different parenthesized orders that result in the same overall multiplication, such as (A(BC)) and (AB(C)).
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Machiavelli wrote The Prince during a period of political exile from Florence after being arrested and tortured by the ruling Medici family. In the book, he argues that successful rulers must prioritize acquiring and maintaining political power over being morally good. Rulers should learn how and when to use deception, cruelty, and force because human nature is selfish. They must also adapt their actions to changing historical circumstances rather than rely on luck alone. The Prince separated personal morality from necessary political practices and viewed power as essential to ruling a stable state.
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- 1. 5/17/2018
- 2. INTRODUCTION • The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is by far, the dominant protocol in network management. • A key reason for its widespread acceptance, besides being the chief Internet standard for network management is its relative simplicity. 5/17/2018 2
- 3. What is SNMP? • SNMP is used for collecting information for network devices for servers, switches, hubs, printers, and routers on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. It is popular protocol for network management. • It is a part of Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Protocol suit. 5/17/2018 3
- 4. SNMP Management • SNMP management has became the dominant standardized network management scheme in use today. • The SNMP set of standard provide a framework the definition of management information. • The SNMP model assumes the existence of manager and agents. 5/17/2018 4
- 5. How does SNMP work? • The SNMP network management protocol (SNMP) use for monitoring of network- attached devices for any conditions that warrant administrative attention. For example all of the following devices can use SNMP for managing devices on IP networks: • Network router • Network switch • Printer • NAS server • ADSL ISP router/modem • Linux/UNIX/Windows servers 5/17/2018 5
- 6. SNMP components SNMP Manager • A manager or management system is a separate entity that is responsible to communicate with the SNMP agent implemented network devices. This is typically a computer that is used to run one or more network management system. 5/17/2018 6
- 7. SNMP components…. Managed Devices: • A managed device or the network element is a part of the network that requires some form of the monitoring and management. • For example: Router, Switches, Servers, Workstations, printer etc. SNMP Agent: • The agent is a program that is packaged within the network element. Enabling the agent allows it to collect the management information database from the device locally and makes it available to the SNMP manager, when it is queried for. 5/17/2018 7
- 8. 5/17/2018 8