This document discusses neurodevelopmental disorders and the role of nutrition. It begins by defining neurodevelopmental disorders as conditions resulting from abnormal brain development that affect cognition, communication, behavior, and motor skills. Some examples of neurodevelopmental disorders mentioned include ADHD, autism, cerebral palsy, intellectual disabilities, and vision impairment. The document then discusses the symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders and how they can impact language, motor skills, behavior, learning, and other neurological functions. It notes that low birth weight, environmental toxins, and prenatal exposure to substances like alcohol can increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Finally, the document discusses the importance of nutrition during pregnancy and early childhood for brain development, citing evidence

1. Lahore garrison university
SUBMITTED TO: MA'AM NAUREEN NAEEM
SUBMITTED BY: KHURSHEED
ROLL NO: FA 19/ BSAP/ 035
SECTION: B

2. Neurodevelopmental
disorder

3. Objectives
• After completion of this presentation, students will be able to:
Define Neurodevelopmental disorder?
Explain the symptoms of Neurodevelopmental disorder
Describe the difference examples of Neurodevelopmental disorder
Discuss Neurodevelopmental disorder and diet.

4. Neurodevelopmental disorder
• Neurodevelopmental disorders are multifaceted conditions
characterized by impairments in cognition, communication, behavior
and/or motor skills resulting from abnormal brain development.
• Neurodevelopmental disorders are disabilities in the functioning of
the brain that affect a child's behavior, memory or ability to learn e.g.
mental retardation, dyslexia, attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning deficits and autism.

5. Symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders
• Children with neurodevelopmental disorders can experience
difficulties with language and speech, motor skills, behavior, memory,
learning, or other neurological functions.
• While the symptoms and behaviors of neurodevelopmental
disabilities often change or evolve as a child grows older,
some disabilities are permanent.

6. Examples of developmental disorders
• Some examples of more common developmental disabilities include;
• ADHD,
• Autism Spectrum Disorders,
• Cerebral Palsy,
• intellectual disabilities and
• vision impairment.

7. Causes Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Low birth weight.
• Environmental contaminants, such as lead.
• Fetal exposure to smoking, alcohol, recreational drugs, or medications
during pregnancy.
• Premature birth.

8. Neurodevelopmental disorder and diet
• The brain is 60% structural lipid, which universally uses arachidonic
acid and docosahexaenoic acid for growth, function, and integrity.
• Experimental evidence in animals has demonstrated that the effect of
essential fatty acid deficiency during early brain development is
deleterious and permanent.
• The risk of neurodevelopmental disorder is highest in the very-low-
birth-weight babies.

9. Conclusion
• There is an increased use of dietary and nutritional treatments among
families of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,
autism spectrum disorder, and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
• The positive effect of micronutrients on health, especially of pregnant
women eating well to maximize their child’s cognitive and behavioral
outcomes, is commonly acknowledged.

10. Reference
• M.A Crawford, W. Doyle, A. Leaf, M. Leighfield, K. ghebremeskel, A.
Phylactos (1993), Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Andrea Horvath Marques, Thomas G. O'Connor, Christine Roth, Ezra
Susser and Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen (2013), The influence of maternal
prenatal and early childhood nutrition and maternal prenatal stress on
offspring immune system development and neurodevelopmental
disorders

11. Reference
• Elizabeth L Prado, Kathryn G Dewey (2014), Nutrition and brain development in
early life, Volume 72, Issue 4, 1 April 2014, Pages 267–284
• Mengying Li , Ellen Francis , Stefanie N. Hinkle, Aparna S. Ajjarapu and Cuilin Zhang
(2019), Preconception and Prenatal Nutrition and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 17
July 2019
• Tania Anjos, Signe Altmäe, Pauline M Emmett, Henning Tiemeier (2013), Nutrition
and neurodevelopment in children 2013, European Journal of Nutrition

12. Thank you
Any question