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COMPUTER
NETWORKS
MADE BY AMAN GOEL
CLASS --IX-F
• COMPUTER NETWORKS
• LAN, MAN & WAN
• APPLICATIONS OF NETWORKS
• NETWORK TOPOLOGY
 BUS TOPOLogy
STAR TOPOLOGY
 TREE TOPOLOGY
 RING TOPOLOGY
MESH TOPOLOGY
COMPUTER NETWORKS 2
COMPUTER NETWORKS
• Computer network
connects two or
more autonomous
computers
• The computers
can be
geographically
located anywhere.
3COMPUTER NETWORKS
LAN, MAN & WAN
• Network in small geographical Area
(Room, Building or a Campus) is
called LAN (Local Area Network)
• Network in a City is call MAN
(Metropolitan Area Network)
• Network spread geographically
(Country or across Globe) is called
WAN (Wide Area Network)
COMPUTER NETWORKS 4
Applications of Networks
Resource Sharing
Hardware (computing resources, disks,
printers)
Software (application software)
Information Sharing
Easy accessibility from anywhere (files,
databases)
Search Capability (WWW)
Communication
Email
Message broadcast
Remote computing
Distributed processing (GRID Computing)
5COMPUTER NETWORKS
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
• The network
topology
defines the
way in which
computers,
printers, and
other devices
are connected.
A network
topology
describes the
layout of the
wire and
devices as well
as the paths
used by data
transmissions. 6COMPUTER NETWORKS
TOPOLOGIES
COMPUTER NETWORKS 7
TOPOLOGIES
COMPUTER NETWORKS 8
Bus Topology
• Commonly referred to as a linear bus, all the
devices on a bus topology are connected by one
single cable.
9COMPUTER NETWORKS
STAR TOPOLOGY
The star topology is the most commonly used
architecture in Ethernet LANs.
When installed, the star topology resembles
spokes in a bicycle wheel.
10COMPUTER NETWORKS
TREE TOPOLOGY
• Larger networks use the
extended star topology
also called tree topology.
When used with network
devices that filter frames
or packets, like bridges,
switches, and routers,
this topology
significantly reduces the
traffic on the wires by
sending packets only to
the wires of the
destination host.
11COMPUTER NETWORKS
RING TOPOLOGY
A frame travels around the ring, stopping at each
node. If a node wants to transmit data, it adds the
data as well as the destination address to the
frame.
The frame then continues around the ring until it
finds the destination node, which takes the data
out of the frame.
Single ring – All the devices on the network share
a single cable
Dual ring – The dual ring topology allows data to
be sent in both directions.
12COMPUTER NETWORKS
RING TOPOLOGY
13COMPUTER NETWORKS
14
Ring Topology
Single
Ring
Dual
Ring
COMPUTER NETWORKS
MESH TOPOLOGY
The mesh topology connects all devices (nodes) to
each other for redundancy and fault tolerance.
It is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for
mission critical networks like those used by banks
and financial institutions.
Implementing the mesh topology is expensive and
difficult.
15COMPUTER NETWORKS
Computers: Clients and Servers
In a client/server
network arrangement,
network services are
located in a dedicated
computer whose only
function is to respond to
the requests of clients.
The server contains the
file, print, application,
security, and other
services in a central
computer that is
continuously available to
respond to client
requests.
COMPUTER NETWORKS 16
IMAGES FOR
CLIENTS AND
SERVER
COMPUTER NETWORKS 17
Networking Devices
• HUB, Switches, Routers, Wireless Access
Points, Modems etc.
COMPUTER NETWORKS 18
NETWORK FUNDAMENTALS
COMPUTER NETWORKS 19

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Networks copy

  • 1. COMPUTER NETWORKS MADE BY AMAN GOEL CLASS --IX-F
  • 2. • COMPUTER NETWORKS • LAN, MAN & WAN • APPLICATIONS OF NETWORKS • NETWORK TOPOLOGY  BUS TOPOLogy STAR TOPOLOGY  TREE TOPOLOGY  RING TOPOLOGY MESH TOPOLOGY COMPUTER NETWORKS 2
  • 3. COMPUTER NETWORKS • Computer network connects two or more autonomous computers • The computers can be geographically located anywhere. 3COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 4. LAN, MAN & WAN • Network in small geographical Area (Room, Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network) • Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) • Network spread geographically (Country or across Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network) COMPUTER NETWORKS 4
  • 5. Applications of Networks Resource Sharing Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers) Software (application software) Information Sharing Easy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases) Search Capability (WWW) Communication Email Message broadcast Remote computing Distributed processing (GRID Computing) 5COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 6. NETWORK TOPOLOGY • The network topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected. A network topology describes the layout of the wire and devices as well as the paths used by data transmissions. 6COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 9. Bus Topology • Commonly referred to as a linear bus, all the devices on a bus topology are connected by one single cable. 9COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 10. STAR TOPOLOGY The star topology is the most commonly used architecture in Ethernet LANs. When installed, the star topology resembles spokes in a bicycle wheel. 10COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 11. TREE TOPOLOGY • Larger networks use the extended star topology also called tree topology. When used with network devices that filter frames or packets, like bridges, switches, and routers, this topology significantly reduces the traffic on the wires by sending packets only to the wires of the destination host. 11COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 12. RING TOPOLOGY A frame travels around the ring, stopping at each node. If a node wants to transmit data, it adds the data as well as the destination address to the frame. The frame then continues around the ring until it finds the destination node, which takes the data out of the frame. Single ring – All the devices on the network share a single cable Dual ring – The dual ring topology allows data to be sent in both directions. 12COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 15. MESH TOPOLOGY The mesh topology connects all devices (nodes) to each other for redundancy and fault tolerance. It is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission critical networks like those used by banks and financial institutions. Implementing the mesh topology is expensive and difficult. 15COMPUTER NETWORKS
  • 16. Computers: Clients and Servers In a client/server network arrangement, network services are located in a dedicated computer whose only function is to respond to the requests of clients. The server contains the file, print, application, security, and other services in a central computer that is continuously available to respond to client requests. COMPUTER NETWORKS 16
  • 18. Networking Devices • HUB, Switches, Routers, Wireless Access Points, Modems etc. COMPUTER NETWORKS 18