This slide on nature.In this slide I give information and photos. by Abhijeet

1. Name: Abhijeet Kr. Prajapati
Class: VII ‘C’ Roll No.: 1
Subect: S.ST
School: Kendriya Vidyalaya Ballygunge

2. Natural Vegetation And Wildlife

3. Natural Vegetation

4. • Tropical Evergreen Forests
• Tropical Deciduous Forests
• Temperate Evergreen Forests
• Temperate DeciduousForests
• Mediterranean Vegetation
• Coniferous Forests
Forests

5. The tropical rainforest is a forest of tall trees in a region of year round warmth. An average of 50
to 260 in of rain falls yearly. There are a variety of plants: Bengal bamboo, bougainvillea, curare,
coconut tree, durian, Jambu, Kapok tree, strangler figs, and Tualang. All tropical rain forests
resemble one another in some ways. Each of the three largest rainforests--the American, the
African, and the Asian--has a different group of animal and plant species. Tropical Rainforest
Scientists estimate that more then half of the worlds animal and plant species live in the tropical
rainforest. The animals we are aware of include Africa forest Elephant, Bengal Tiger,
Chimpanzee, Dawn Bat, Lion Tamarin , Harpy Eagle, Jambu Fruit Dove, King Cobra, Kinkajou,
Linn's Sloth, Orangutan, Proboscis Monkey, Sumatran Rhinoceros, Toco Toucan, Vampire Bat,
and Waglers Pit Viper. About 1/4 of the medicine we use is found from plants in the tropical
rainforest. The tropical rain forest can be found in three major geographical areas around the
world.
Tropical Evergreen Forests

6. • The Tropical Deciduous forests cover nearly the entire country. Here annual
rainfall varies from 100 to 200 cms. The Sahyadris, the north-east plateau of the
Peninsula, the Himalayan foothills (the Shivaliks), the Bhabars and the Terai are
the major regions of these forests.
• They grow abundantly on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, Chhotanagpur
Plateau (east M.P., south Bihar, west Orissa), and on the Shivaliks. Owing to dry
season they shed their leaves once a year.
Tropical DeciduousForests

7. • Temperate evergreen forests commonly found in coastal areas where winters are
mild and rainfall is abundant, these forests also exist in mountainous areas with
drier climates. Temperate evergreen forests can be found in the lower latitudes of
Canada and the United States, Europe and Asia. They are found below the regions
of the northern boreal forest and tundra. These forests are generally made up of an
overstory and an understory. Temperate coniferous forests with large trees,
including giant sequoias and redwoods, exist in western North America,
southwestern South America, southeastern Australia and northern New Zealand.
Temperate Evergreen Forests

8. • Temperate deciduous forests or temperate broad-leaf forests are dominated by
trees that lose their leaves each year. They are found in areas with warm, moist
summers and mild winters. The three major areas of this forest type occur in
the Northern Hemisphere: eastern North America, East Asia, and Europe. Smaller
areas occur in Australasia and southern South America. Examples of typical trees in
the Northern Hemisphere's deciduous forests include oak, maple, beech, and elm.
The diversity of tree species is higher in regions where the winter is milder, and also
in mountainous regions that provide an array of soil types and microclimates. One
of the world's great protected examples of this forest type is found in Great Smoky
Mountains National Park.
Temperate Deciduous Forests

9. • Mediterranean vegetation, any scrubby, dense vegetation composed of
broad-leaved evergreen shrubs, bushes, and small trees usually less than 2.5
m (about 8 feet) tall and growing in regions lying between 30° and 40° north
and south latitudes. These regions have a climate similar to that of the
Mediterranean area, which is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild,
wet winters. Around the Mediterranean Sea this vegetation is called macchie
, maquis , or garigue it is known as chaparral in southwestern North
America, as Cape flora in southern Africa, and as mallee in southwestern
Australia.
Mediterranean Vegetation

10. • Coniferous forest, vegetation composed primarily of cone-bearing needle-leaved or
scale-leaved evergreen trees, found in areas that have long winters and moderate to
high annual precipitation. The northern Eurasian coniferous forest is called
the taiga, or the boreal forest. Both terms are used to describe the entire circumpolar
coniferous forest with its many lakes, bogs, and rivers. Coniferous forests also
cover mountains in many parts of the world. Pines, spruces, firs, and larches are the
dominant trees in coniferous forests. They are similar in shape and height and often
form a nearly uniform stand with a layer of low shrubs or herbs
beneath. Mosses, liverworts, and lichens cover the forest floor
Coniferous Forests

11. Wildlife

12. Tiger
The tiger is the largest member of
the felid (cat) family. They sport
long, thick reddish coats with
white bellies and white and black
tails. Their heads, bodies, tails and
limbs have narrow black, brown
or gray stripes. There were once
nine subspecies of tigers: Bengal,
Siberian, Indochinese, South
Chinese, Sumatran, Malayan,
Caspian, Javan and Bali. Of these,
the last three are extinct, one is
extinct in the wild, and the rest are
endangered.

13. Golden Langur, or Gee's
Golden Langur, is known
by the scientific name of
Trachypithecus geei. An
Old World monkey, it
was first noticed by
the scientific community
in the 1950s only. In
the Indian
subcontinent , Golden
langurs are found mainly
in the foothills of the
Himalayas, along the
Assam-Bhutan border.
The langurs are
considered to be sacred
by the Himalayan people.
GoldenLangur

14. Elephants, largest of all land animals, are
among the most recognizable and beloved
creatures on Earth. Their ancestors once
roamed most of the planet, but wild
populations are now confined to decreasing
swaths of land in Africa and Asia. Hunted
mercilessly for their prized ivory tusks, they
are under threat in most of their range from
poaching, habitat loss, and human
encroachment and are listed as threatened by
the IUCN
Elephant

15. The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an
African even-toed ungulate mammal,
the tallest living terrestrial animal and the
largest ruminant. Its species name refers to
its camel-like shape and its leopard-like
colouring. Its chief distinguishing
characteristics are its extremely long neck and
legs, its horn-like ossicones, and its distinctive
coat patterns. It is classified under
the family Giraffidae, along with its closest
extant relative, the okapi. The nine subspecies
are distinguished by their coat patterns.
Giraffe

16. The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is
a large flippered marine
mammal with a discontinuous
distribution about the North
Pole in the Arctic
Ocean and subarctic seas of
the Northern Hemisphere. The
walrus is the only living species
in the family Odobenidae
and genus Odobenus. This species
is subdivided into
three subspecies the Atlantic
walrus (O. r. rosmarus) which lives
in the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific
walrus (O. r. divergens) which
lives in the Pacific Ocean, and
O. r. laptevi, which lives in
the Laptev Sea of the Arctic
Ocean.
Walrus

17. Polar bears are the largest land
carnivores in the world, rivaled
only by the Kodiak brown bears of
southwestern Alaska. Polar bears
sit at the top of the food chain in
the biologically rich Arctic. The
most carnivorous of the bear
species, polar bears feed primarily
on the fat of ice-dependent seals.
The remains of these seals provide
food for many other Arctic wildlife
species, giving polar bears a vital
role in their ecosystem.
Polar Bear

18. The earless seals or true seals are
one of the three main groups
of mammals within the seal
superfamily, Pinnipedia. All true
seals are members of the
family Phocidae . They are
sometimes called crawling seals to
distinguish them from the fur
seals and sea lions of the
family Otariidae. Seals live in
the oceans of both hemispheres
and, with the exception of the
more tropical monk seals, are
mostly confined to polar, subpolar,
and temperate climates. The Baikal
seal is the only seal found
exclusively in fresh water.
Earless seal

19. Puffin
Puffins are any of three small species
of alcids (auks) in the bird genus
Fratercula with a brightly coloured
beak during the breeding season.
These are pelagic seabirds that feed
primarily by diving in the water. They
breed in large colonies on coastal cliffs
or offshore islands, nesting in crevices
among rocks or in burrows in the soil. Two species, the tufted
puffin and horned puffin, are found in the North Pacific Ocean, while
the Atlantic puffin is found in the North Atlantic Ocean.

20. Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes , which includes about
200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an
upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing,
sharp talons and feathers adapted for silent flight. Exceptions include the
diurnal northern hawk-owl and the gregarious burrowing owl.
Owl

21. Kingfishers are a group of small to
medium-sized, brightly colored birds in the
order Coraciiformes. They have
a cosmopolitan distribution, with most
species found outside of the Americas. The
group is treated either as a single family, the
Alcedinidae, or as a
suborder Alcedines containing three
families, Alcedinidae (river kingfishers),
Halcyonidae (tree kingfishers), and
Cerylidae (water kingfishers). Roughly 90
species of kingfishers are described.
Kingfisher