The document summarizes 10 different biomes of the world: tropical rainforest, tropical dry forest, tropical savanna, desert, temperate grassland, temperate woodland and shrubland, temperate forest, coniferous forest, boreal forest, and tundra. For each biome, it describes the typical plants, animals, and other features like location and climate.

1. Biomes of the World The Ten Different Areas ___

2. Tropical Rainforest Plants: The plants that are in a tropical rainforest are plants that can live in warm, wet weather. The main kinds of plants are broad leaved evergreen trees, ferns, large vines and climbing plants, orchids and bromeliads. Animals: Herbivores and carnivores live in the rainforest. A few of the plant-eating animals are sloths, tapirs, and capybaras. A common meat-eater is a jaguar. There are also birds such as toucans, parrots, and parakeets. Insects like butterflies, ants and beetles are common. Freshwater fish and reptiles such as frogs, caymans, boa constrictors, and anacondas can be found too. Other Features: Tropical Rainforests are located in parts of South and Central America as well as Southeast Asia, parts of Africa, and Northeastern Australia. The climate is hot and wet all year round and the soil is thin and doesn’t have a lot of nutrients in it. Amazon Rainforest Olympic Peninsula Rain Forest, Washington Ranomafana National. Park, Madagascar Thailand

3. Plants: In a tropical dry forest the deciduous trees create a canopy high up during the wet season. But during the dry season those trees shed all their leaves. There are also orchids and bromeliads, and aloes. Animals: The tropical dry forest has animals like tigers, monkeys, elephants, the Indian rhinoserous, and hog deer. There are also many different kinds of birds such as the great pied hornbill, the pied harrier, and spot-billed pelican. Insects like termites and reptiles like snakes and monitor lizards dwell there too. Other Features: The tropical dry forest is located in parts of Africa, South and Central America, Mexico, India, Australia, and tropical islands. The climate is usually warm. There are wet and dry seasons depending on the time of year. Tropical Dry Forest Thailand Santa Rosa National Park, Cost Rica Guanacaste National Park, Cost Rica

4. Tropical Savanna Plants: The plants here don’t get very old because of frequent fires set by lightning. But some of them are drought-tolerant and fire-resistant. In a tropical savanna the grass is very long. Animals: In this biome there are carnivores ,such as lions, leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, and jackals, that feed on herbivores like elephants, giraffes, antelopes, and zebras. Baboons as well as eagles, ostriches, weaver birds, and storks live here . Termites and other insects find a home in the tropical savanna too. Other Features: Tropical savannas can be found in parts of Eastern Africa, Southern Brazil, and Northern Australia. The temperature is warm and there is compact soil. It rains more than in a desert but less that in a tropical dry forest. Samburu Game Preserve, Kenya African Savanna Acacia Savanna, South of FadaN'Gourma,

5. Desert Plants: The plants that live in the desert biome have to be able to survive the little rainfall it gets. The main plants that can survive there are cacti, creosote bush, and other plants with short growth cycles. Animals: Some of the carnivores that live in the desert are mountain lions, gray foxes, and bobcats. Herbivores living there are mule deer, pronghorn antelope, desert bighorn sheep, kangaroo rats, and others. Bats and birds such as owls, hawks, and roadrunners live there too, as well as insects like ants, beetles, wasps, butterflies, and flies. Tortoises, rattle snakes, and lizards can survive in the desert also. Other Features: Deserts are located in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, United States, Mexico, South America, and Australia. One factor of a desert is the low precipitation. It has less than 25 centimeters of precipitation a year. The soil is rich in minerals but has little organic material. Uluru National Park, Australia Near Kofa Mountains, Arizona Mexico Desert Sahara Desert

6. Plants: Most of the plants in a temperate grassland are resistant to fire, drought, and cold. The dominant plants living there are lush recurrent grasses and herbs. Animals: Predators like coyotes and badgers make their homes in the temperate grasslands. Herbivores such as mule deer, pronghorn antelope, rabbits, cattle, and prairie dogs lived there also. This biome used to be a home for wolves, grizzly bears, and bison. Prairie chicken, mountain plover, and birds like hawks and owls lived there too, as well as some reptiles and insects. Other Features: Temperate grasslands can be found in Central Asia, North America, Australia, Central Europe, and parts of South America. The weather in summers is warm and and the winters are cold. There is moderate precipitation and occasional fires. The soil is fertile. Temperate Grassland Colorado Prairie West of Coalinga, California Northern Kazakstan

7. Temperate Woodland and Shrubland Plants: There are many plants that grow in the temperate woodland and shrubland Some of the main ones are evergreen shrubs and nice smelling oily herbs that grow in the wintertime and die in the summertime. Animals: In the temperate woodland and grassland there are predators like coyotes, foxes, mountain lions, and bobcats. There are also herbivores such as black-tailed deer, rabbits, squirrels, and mice, which can sometimes be prey. Bird like hawks, California quail, western scrub jay, and warblers place their nests there while reptiles like snakes and lizards crawl on the ground. Butterflies and spiders also live in the temperate woodland and shrubland. Other Features: Temperate woodland and shrublands are located all over the world. They are in Western coasts of North and South America, areas around the Mediterranean Sea, South Africa, and Australia. The summers are hot and dry but the winters are cool and moist. Fires occur periodically. The Great Western Woodlands, Western Australia Chaparral Community near Malibu, California

8. Temperate Forest Plants: In the temperate forest there are a lot of deciduous trees as well as some conifers. Other plants include flowering shrubs, herbs, and a layer of moss and ferns covering the ground. Animals: In the temperate forest there are berry-eaters such as deer and black bears, bobcats, nut and acorn eaters like squirrels. Omnivores such as raccoons and skunks live there too. A number of songbirds and wild turkeys can be found in the temperate forest. Other Features: Temperate forests can be found in Eastern US, Southeastern Canada, most of Europe, and parts of Japan, China, and Australia. The winters are cold to temperate. Summers are warm and there is year round precipitation. There is rich soils. Forest along California’s North Coast Adirondacks, New York New England National Park, New South Wales, Australia Wisconsin Woods

9. Coniferous Forest Plants: This biome has mostly conifer trees. It consist mostly of douglas fir, sitka spruce, western hemlock, redwood, and others. Animals: The wildlife living in the coniferous forest includes bears, large herbivores such as elk and deer, and beavers. It also provides a home for carnivorous animals like owls, bobcats, and weasel family members. Other Features: Coniferous forests are located on the Pacific Coast of Northwestern US and Canada, from Northern California, to Alaska.The temperatures are pretty mild but there is a lot of precipitation in autumn, winter, and spring. There are cool, dry summers and the soil is rocky and acidic year round. Wind River Mountains Wyoming Northern Appalachian Mountains Ponderosa Pine Forest

10. Boreal Forest Plants: The plants in thee boreal forest have to be able to survive in the frigid winters. Needle-leaf coniferous trees are common in this biome. Broadleaf deciduous trees are also there, along with berry shrubs. Animals: In the boreal forest predators like lynx, timber wolves, and members of the weasel family hunt the grounds for food. The herbivores range from tiny mammals to large moose. Beavers and numerous types of birds stay there also. Other Features: Boreal forests tend to be more northern than southern. They can be located in North America, Asia, and Northern Europe. There are long, frigid winters and short, mild summers. The soils are acidic and nutrient-poor. Chichibu Mountains Same area in a Boreal Forest in two different seasons. Jasper National Park, Alberta Canada Forest West of Stockholm Sweden

11. Tundra Plants: The plants in this biome are small because the soil freezes. In the summer the top soil thaws but in the winter it freezes again. This pattern is not good for the plants’ roots. The plants that do live here are “ground hugging” like moss, lichen, sedges, and short grass. Animals: The animals have to be able to survive the harsh circumstances. Some birds and mammals can such as migratory waterfowl, shore birds, musk ox, arctic foxes, and caribou. Lemmings and other rodents can survive the Tundra also. Other Features: The tundra is in Northern America, Asia, and Europe. There are strong winds, short and wet summers, and winters are long and cold. The soils are very poor and permafrost occurs. Tundra along the Colville River, Alaska Tundra along the Colville River, Alaska. Alaska Tundra