The document discusses IUPAC nomenclature rules for naming hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and cycloalkanes. For alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, the rules specify how to determine the parent chain, number the carbons, name any branches, and add the appropriate suffix to indicate an alkane, alkene, or alkyne. For cycloalkanes, the rules specify how to number the carbons in the ring to minimize the sum of the numbers and name any branches alphabetically. The document encourages practicing examples and visualizing line structures.

1. Naming of
Hydrocarbons
Nomenclature

2. Alkanes – General Rules (IUPAC)
• Step 1: Determine the longest chain ( Use your visualization :) )
• Step 2: Determine which end is nearest to the branch
• Step 3: Number the carbon atoms from the chosen end
• Step 4: Name the branch (-CH3 (methyl), -C2H5 (ethyl) ) showing its
location (number of Carbon atom with which it is connected)
• Step 5: Add root (depends on the amount of "C" in the longest chain)
• Step 6: Add "-ane" to the root

3. Let's
Practice...

4. Special Cases with the Branches...
• If you have more than one branch on the same "C" atom, the number
of "C" is indicated for each branch
• When two or more identical branches occur on different carbon
atoms, the prefixes –di (2); -tri (3); -tetra (4) are used
• If you have different branches e.g. ethyl and methyl: 1) you indicate
the "location" 2) name first ethyl, later methyl – because of
alphabetical order

5. Let's Practice...

6. What about the Line Structure?
Easy Cheesy! Just use your imagination! :)

7. Alkenes and Alkynes
• Step 1: Determine the longest chain ( Use your visualization :) )
• Step 2: Determine which end is nearest to the doble or triple bond
• Step 3: Number the carbon atoms from the chosen end
• Step 4: Name the branch (-CH3 (methyl), -C2H5 (ethyl) ) showing
its location (number of Carbon atom with which it is connected)
• Step 5: Add root (depends on the amount of "C" in the longest chain)
• Step 6: Add "-ene" or "-yne" to the root
• Step 7: show which "C" atom first involved in the doble or triple bond
• P.S. rules with the branches are the same!

8. Let's Practice...

9. Now... Easy – Cheesy Part! ;)

10. Cycloalkanes

11. IUPAC Rules for Cycloalkanes
Number
Number the branches of the ring so that the sum of the
numbers is the lowest possible
• Name the branches and place them in alphabetical order
Determine Determine the parent chain

13. Thanks for the Attention!