This study investigated extracting phytochemicals from orange (Citrus sinensis) peels using different organic solvents and testing their antimicrobial activity. The highest yield of 18% was obtained using acetone extraction, followed by 17% for ethanol extraction. Extracts showed antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and viruses. Acetone extracts exhibited the largest zone of inhibition at 16mm against bacteria and 14mm against fungi. While aqueous extracts showed lower antimicrobial activity than other solvents. This suggests orange peel waste could be used to produce natural antimicrobial products. However, further research is needed to identify the bioactive compounds responsible.

1. Extraction of Phytochemicals from Citrus sinensis Peels and
Their Expectation as an Antimicrobial Herbal
P. Rathore, Sherebano,S. Khandelwal, N. Bhawsar, A. Kumar* and Dr. K. Khasdeo
Introduction: Research investigated of orange Department of Biotechnology, V.V.M., Betul (M.P.).
(Citrus sinensis) peel extract in some difference *Centre for Nano-Sciences, CUG, Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
organic solvents for use of this as the medicine Email ID: kmr.nano@yahoo.com
against skin diseases, that mostly Table No.1 Phytochemicals Test:
microorganisms such as Bacteria’s, Fungi’s, and S.N. Test’s Plant Procedure Observation Inference
Viruses responsible for skin disease. The soxhlet Extract
technique applied for extraction of the orange 1. Molisch's test Orange 1 ml plant extract+ molisch purple ring Carbohydrat
peel used in different solvents. the comparison reagent+2 ml conc. H2SO4 appear e Confirm
of the percentage yield of extracts obtained from 2. Benedict's test Orange 0.5 ml plant extract+ 2 ml Benedict Green Sugar
different solvent with respect to various sources, reagent present
3. Selwinoff’s Orange 1 ml plant extract+ 5 ml Selwinoff No change Negative
the highest yield of about (18%) followed by the
test reagent
ethanol extract and the acetone extract yield 4. Fehling's test Orange 1 ml A+1 ml B Fehling reagent+2 No change Negative
percentage of about (17%) followed by ethyl drop Plant Extract
acetate (12%), showed a significant antimicrobial
activity against all the test organisms. very good
antimicrobial activity of Acetone extract, showed
a maximum zone of inhibition against Bacteria’s
(16mm) , Fungi’s (14mm) and the ethanol and
aqueous extract of Citrus sinensis, Aqueous
Material and Methods:
extracts showed very less antimicrobial activity Conclusion: significance for us that can be use of fruit
Plant materials:-Citrus sinensis peel
when compared to other solvents. wastes materials is one of the most important means of
Preparation of extracts
utilizing it in a number of innovative ways yielding new
Table No. 2 Antimicrobials Effects: •Plant tissue homogenization
products and meeting the requirements of essential
•Particle size of the plant tissues
S.N Control zone Sample plate products required in human, animal and plant
Soxhlet extraction
antibacterial activity against the test organisms and
1. 2.5 1.3
•Acetone and Methanol
phytochemical constituents in Citrus sinensis peels
•Aqueous Extraction
extracts, However, further evaluation performed with
2. 2.5 1.4 Methods of extraction
the pure compounds is required for the definite
•pH of the solvent
3. 2.5 1.2 conclusion of the bioactive compounds contributing to
•Temperature
the antimicrobial activity, although the nature. The
4. 2.5 1.0 •The solvent-to-sample ratio
studies to prepare an optimize preparation of the
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening
herbal extract
5. 2.5 1.1 Antimicrobial assay