The document summarizes the medicinal and insecticidal properties of Citrullus colocynthis (wild watermelon). It details that different plant parts have different medicinal uses, like seeds containing fatty acids and having anti-diabetic effects, fruit pulp being purgative and used to treat various diseases, and leaves exhibiting anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties. Experiments showed that compounds isolated from C. colocynthis have insecticidal effects against the aphid Aphis craccivora. Additional experiments tested antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, finding that extracts from leaves, seeds, and roots inhibited bacterial growth. In conclusion, C. colocynthis shows potential for developing novel drugs and

1. Medicinal Properties And Insecticidal
Properties Of (Wild Watermelon)
Citrullus colocynths (Linn.) Schrad.

2. IT is genarally found in farms as a weed
means there is no use of this climber.

3. Their different part perform different
medicinal properties as follow
1. Seed
2. Fruit and Fruit Pulp
3. Leaves
4. Root

4. SEED
 The Seeds are rich in fatty acids such as
myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and
linolenic acids.
 Citrullus oil has a good potential use as cooking
oil.
 The Investigation revealed that seed extract
have an insulin tropic effect which show anti
diabetic activities.

5. FRUIT AND FRUIT PULP
 The fruit is pungent, a cooling purgative,
antihelmetic, antipyretic and carminative.
 The fruit pulp is purgative, diuretic and is
used against gonorrhea.
 A fruit of Citrullus colocynthis is traditionally
used for the treatment of diabetes, microbial
diseases, ulcer, inflammation, jaundice and
urinary diseases in Asian and African
countries.

6. LEAVES
 The leaves exhibit anti-inflammatory activity
and are diuretic.

7. ROOT

8. INSECTICIDAL PROPERTIES
 Cucurbitacin E Glycoside Isolated from Citrullus
colocynthis show insecticidal effect against
Aphis craccivora.
 Aphis craccivora can spread viruses.
 After NMR and IR spectrophotometer analysis
we confirmed that the compound which isolated
from Citrullus colocynthis and has insecticidal
effect against Aphis craccivora was 2-O-β-D-
glucopyranosylcucurbitacin E. (Torkey.H.M
and Abou-Yousef,H.M.,2009)

9. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
METHODS -
 In this procedure we can use either 1st or 2nd
methods to examine antimicrobial activity
 AGAR- WELL DIFFUSION METHOD.
 DISC DIFFUSION METHOD.

10. AGAR- WELL DIFFUSION METHOD
 Petriplates -- 20ml medium -- 24hr culture of
bacterial strains.
 Wells -- 20 µl of the plant extracts added.
 Incubated at 37°C for 24 hours.
 Measure diameter of obtained antimicrobial
activity.

11. DIAGRAM - AGAR- WELL DIFFUSION METHOD
Plant
extract Bacteria
growing on
medium.
Zone of
inhibition

12. DISC DIFFUSION METHOD
 Prepare agar plates
 Inoculation of test microorganisms with spread
plate method
 Filter paper discs -- 6mm in diameter -- soaked
with 15µl of the plant extract
 Place (and press) in agar plate but no closer
than 24 mm from each other, center to center
 Incubate -- 37ºC -- 16 to 18 hours.
 Measure diameter of obtained antimicrobial
activity.

13. DIAGRAM – DISK DIFFUSION METHOD
Filter paper
disk with
plant extract.
Bacteria
growing on
medium.
Zone of
inhibition

14. PROCEDURE
 Collection and identification of plant
material
 Collect fresh climbing plant.
 Confermed by botany teacher.
 Expose to air till it completely dried.
 Preparation of extract
 Leaf(Citrullus colocynthis) – Dried –
Powdered – extract by soxhlate (aqueous) –
concentrated by Rota evaporator – Extract

15.  Leaf(Citrullus colocynthis) – Dried –
Powdered – extract by socslate (Ethanol) –
concentrated by rota evaporator – Extract
pripared.
 Seed = Dried–powdered- extract by socslate
(aqueous) – concentrated by rota evaporator
– Extract pripared.
 Root = Dried–powdered- extract by socslate
(aqueous) – concentrated by rota evaporator
– Extract pripared.

16. POWDERED STEM AND LEAF…

17.  Material -
 15 Petri plates – Conical flask containing
nutrient agar – 15 suspension tubes containing
saline were sterilized for further use.
 Bacterial Strains –
 E.coli
 Bacillus megaterium
 Bacillus cereus
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa
 Streptococcus mutans

18.  Actual Method –
 Pour agar (20ml) in each Petri plate
 Bacterial strains were poured and spread
 Make well (about 6mm) in Petri plate at
center
 Fill the well with respective extract.
 Finally incubate the plates for 24 - 48 hrs

19. OBSERVATIONS
 After incubation we get a zone of inhibition
around these well.
 The zone of inhibition is as follow
 Leaves -
Bacterial Strains Zone of inhibition
Aqueous
E.coli Ethanol
Bacillus megaterium
Bacillus cereus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Streptococcus mutans

20. OBSERVATIONS
 Seed and Root –
Bacterial Strains Zone of inhibition
Seed Root
E.coli
Bacillus megaterium
Bacillus cereus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Streptococcus mutans

21. RESULT –
 The bitter water melon (Citrullus colocynthis)
has antimicrobial (bacteria) activity.
CONCLUSION -
 There is a great promise for development of
novel drugs from the plant Citrullus
colocynthis for dreadful human diseases.
 They affects the growth of insect and
degrade them so it can use in several
insecticide, pesticide etc.

22.  They have some medicinal properties i.e
antidiabetic activity,
 They shows the antibacterial activity which
helps to inhibit the growth of bacteria which
affects the plants.

23. REFERENCES