The document is about an advanced operating systems course for fall 2012 taught by Van Hoang Nguyen. It discusses topics like communication techniques for multiprocessors, multicomputers and distributed systems. It also covers OS code, scheduling, deadlocks, message passing performance, and processor allocation algorithms for multiprocessors, multicomputers and distributed systems.

1. Dept. of Computer Science – FITA – HUA
Van Hoang Nguyen
Mail: startnewday85@gmail.com
Department of Computer Science – FITA – HUA
Advanced Operating System Course ---------------------------------- Fall 2012

2. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
Van Hoang Nguyen

3. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
› Communication Techniques
› Multiprocessor
› Multicomputer
› Distributed System
Van Hoang Nguyen

4. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
OS 1 OS 2
OS 3 OS 4
Van Hoang Nguyen

5. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
OS Code
Van Hoang Nguyen

6. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
OS Code
› static memory allocation
› no data sharing
› no parallel applications
Van Hoang Nguyen

7. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
OS
Van Hoang Nguyen

8. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
OS
Van Hoang Nguyen

9. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
OS
› balances processes and memory dynamically
› eliminates the master CPU bottleneck
Van Hoang Nguyen

10. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
Dead Lock problems
Van Hoang Nguyen

11. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
Not work
• TSL instruction is non-trivial in SMPs
Van Hoang Nguyen

12. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Busy waiting/spin lock
› Cache thrashing
Spinning to wait for a lock is not always a bad idea
Van Hoang Nguyen

13. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Spinning vs. Switching
› Scheduling critical section may be held
› if critical sections are short spinning may be better than blocking
› static analysis of critical section duration can determine whether to spin
or block
› dynamic analysis can improve performance
Van Hoang Nguyen

14. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Single processor scheduling
› Which thread should be run next? ---- Time Sharing
•Multiprocessor scheduling
› Which thread should be run next? --- Time Sharing
› Which CPU to run it on? --- Space Sharing
Van Hoang Nguyen

15. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Time sharing approach
• Space sharing approach
Van Hoang Nguyen

16. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Time sharing approach
Van Hoang Nguyen

17. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Message passing performance
Van Hoang Nguyen

18. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Message passing performance
Van Hoang Nguyen

19. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Message passing performance
Sacrifice protection for performance
Van Hoang Nguyen

20. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Programming model
Van Hoang Nguyen

21. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Programming model
Van Hoang Nguyen

22. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Programming model
› Send with copy
› User-level interrupt
› Copy on write
Van Hoang Nguyen

23. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Programming model
› False sharing
› Consistency
Van Hoang Nguyen

24. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Multiprocessor
• Multicomputer
Van Hoang Nguyen

25. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Processor allocation Algorithms’ characteristics
Van Hoang Nguyen

26. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• A graph-theoretic deterministic algorithm
Van Hoang Nguyen

27. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Sender-initiated distributed heuristic algorithm
Van Hoang Nguyen

28. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
• Receiver-initiated distributed heuristic algorithm
Van Hoang Nguyen

29. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
Comparing multiprocessors, multicomputers, distributed systems
Item Multiprocessor Multicomputer Distributed system
Node configuration CPU CPU, RAM, IC Complete computer
Node peripherals All shared Shared exc. May be Full set per node
disk
Location Same rack Same room Possibly world wide
Inter-node Shared RAM Dedicated Traditional network
communication interconnect
Operating systems One, shared Multiple, same Possibly all different
File systems One, shared One, shared Each node has own
Administration One organization One organization Many organizations
Van Hoang Nguyen

30. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
Van Hoang Nguyen

31. Advanced Operating System – Fall 2012
Van Hoang Nguyen