This document provides an overview of multimodal biometric systems. It discusses various biometric modalities including fingerprint, palm print, iris, face, and voice. For each modality, it describes the basic methodology, including enrollment and recognition processes. It also reviews literature on implementations of unimodal and multimodal biometric systems using these physiological and behavioral traits. The document concludes that multimodal biometric systems that fuse information from multiple traits can provide more robust and accurate person identification compared to single-trait unimodal systems.
Biometrics Iris Scanning: A Literature ReviewOlivia Moran
The interest in Biometrics from both governments and industry has lead to the emergence of multiple Biometric technologies all with their own strengths and flaws. One currently at the forefront of Biometrics is iris scanning.
The process involved in the identification and verification of people using iris scanning is examined in this paper. The advantages and disadvantages associated with the utilisation of such a technology are also explored. A number of legal and ethical issues are highlighted. Iris scanning is looked at in comparison to other forms of Biometric technologies. Future work in the area of Biometrics is also considered in light of current developments.
This document summarizes iris scan technology. It discusses how iris recognition works by leveraging the unique patterns in the iris to provide accurate identification. The iris has over 400 identifying features and remains stable over time, making it a powerful biometric identifier. Iris scanning has applications in computer and device security, border control, and other areas requiring secure identification. While generally accurate, iris scanning does face some challenges related to acquisition of the iris image and potential non-cooperation of subjects.
Study and development of Iris Segmentation and Normalization TechniqueSunil Kumar Chawla
The document is a thesis presentation on studying and developing iris segmentation and normalization techniques. It contains an introduction to biometrics and iris recognition. The document discusses literature on iris segmentation and normalization methods. It also covers topics like the anatomy and properties of the iris, existing iris recognition systems, and issues regarding biometrics. The goal is to develop an iris recognition system and evaluate its performance.
The document summarizes iris recognition as a biometric technique for human identification. It discusses how iris recognition works in four main steps: iris image acquisition, preprocessing the image to locate and normalize the iris, extracting features from the iris pattern, and matching the features to stored iris patterns. The iris is suitable for recognition due its complex random patterns that are stable over a person's lifetime and differ even between identical twins. Iris recognition provides highly accurate identification with a very low false match rate of 1 in 1.2 million.
in terms of Forensic Science, how iris recognition is done and what are the key factors that should be kept in mind. It can be its Advantages, Disadvantages, Approaches and very importantly the working process.
This document presents a student's proposal for a human retina identification system using biometric technology. The proposal discusses how the unique patterns of blood vessels in the retina can be used to identify individuals with high accuracy. The proposed system will involve segmenting retinal images to extract features like branch points and endpoints, and then storing these features as templates to compare new images against for matching. The student believes this technology provides strong security but also has disadvantages like intrusiveness and high costs that need to be addressed.
The document summarizes recent progress in iris recognition technology. It discusses iris image acquisition, preprocessing techniques like localization and normalization, and pattern recognition methods. It also outlines applications of iris recognition in areas like border control, criminal investigations, and secure banking. Emerging areas discussed include long-range iris recognition, multi-biometric systems, and generating synthetic iris images for database construction.
This document presents information on iris scanner technology from a presentation by Shams. It discusses what the iris is, why iris recognition is used, the history and development of iris recognition, how iris recognition systems work, advantages like the iris being unique and stable over time, and disadvantages like the small target size and it being obscured. The conclusion is that iris scanning is highly accurate and fast but still needs some development to become more widely used technology.
Biometrics Iris Scanning: A Literature ReviewOlivia Moran
The interest in Biometrics from both governments and industry has lead to the emergence of multiple Biometric technologies all with their own strengths and flaws. One currently at the forefront of Biometrics is iris scanning.
The process involved in the identification and verification of people using iris scanning is examined in this paper. The advantages and disadvantages associated with the utilisation of such a technology are also explored. A number of legal and ethical issues are highlighted. Iris scanning is looked at in comparison to other forms of Biometric technologies. Future work in the area of Biometrics is also considered in light of current developments.
This document summarizes iris scan technology. It discusses how iris recognition works by leveraging the unique patterns in the iris to provide accurate identification. The iris has over 400 identifying features and remains stable over time, making it a powerful biometric identifier. Iris scanning has applications in computer and device security, border control, and other areas requiring secure identification. While generally accurate, iris scanning does face some challenges related to acquisition of the iris image and potential non-cooperation of subjects.
Study and development of Iris Segmentation and Normalization TechniqueSunil Kumar Chawla
The document is a thesis presentation on studying and developing iris segmentation and normalization techniques. It contains an introduction to biometrics and iris recognition. The document discusses literature on iris segmentation and normalization methods. It also covers topics like the anatomy and properties of the iris, existing iris recognition systems, and issues regarding biometrics. The goal is to develop an iris recognition system and evaluate its performance.
The document summarizes iris recognition as a biometric technique for human identification. It discusses how iris recognition works in four main steps: iris image acquisition, preprocessing the image to locate and normalize the iris, extracting features from the iris pattern, and matching the features to stored iris patterns. The iris is suitable for recognition due its complex random patterns that are stable over a person's lifetime and differ even between identical twins. Iris recognition provides highly accurate identification with a very low false match rate of 1 in 1.2 million.
in terms of Forensic Science, how iris recognition is done and what are the key factors that should be kept in mind. It can be its Advantages, Disadvantages, Approaches and very importantly the working process.
This document presents a student's proposal for a human retina identification system using biometric technology. The proposal discusses how the unique patterns of blood vessels in the retina can be used to identify individuals with high accuracy. The proposed system will involve segmenting retinal images to extract features like branch points and endpoints, and then storing these features as templates to compare new images against for matching. The student believes this technology provides strong security but also has disadvantages like intrusiveness and high costs that need to be addressed.
The document summarizes recent progress in iris recognition technology. It discusses iris image acquisition, preprocessing techniques like localization and normalization, and pattern recognition methods. It also outlines applications of iris recognition in areas like border control, criminal investigations, and secure banking. Emerging areas discussed include long-range iris recognition, multi-biometric systems, and generating synthetic iris images for database construction.
This document presents information on iris scanner technology from a presentation by Shams. It discusses what the iris is, why iris recognition is used, the history and development of iris recognition, how iris recognition systems work, advantages like the iris being unique and stable over time, and disadvantages like the small target size and it being obscured. The conclusion is that iris scanning is highly accurate and fast but still needs some development to become more widely used technology.
Iris scanning uses the unique patterns in a person's iris, which are determined before birth and remain stable throughout life, allowing for highly accurate biometric identification. An iris code using a mathematical algorithm represents each iris pattern, and no two codes are the same. Current uses of iris scanning include smartphones, airports, and government and military applications due to its accuracy and speed compared to fingerprint scanning. Future uses may expand to ATMs, healthcare, transportation, and other areas requiring security and user identification.
This document discusses iris recognition as a biometric method for human identification. It begins by defining biometrics and outlining the development of iris recognition from the 1980s to modern applications. The iris is described as a protected internal organ of the eye that is visible from a distance and contains unique patterns. Key points are that iris patterns are stable over a person's lifetime and have a very low probability of matching between two different people. The document then covers the major parts of an iris recognition system and both technical challenges and applications.
Software Implementation of Iris Recognition System using MATLABijtsrd
The software implementation of iris recognition system introduces in this paper. This system intends to apply for high security required areas. The demand on security is increasing greatly in these years and biometric recognition gradually becomes a hot field of research. Iris recognition is a branch of biometric recognition method. In thesis, Iris recognition system consists of localization of the iris region and generation of data set of iris images followed by iris pattern recognition. In thesis, a fast algorithm is proposed for the localization of the inner and outer boundaries of the iris region. Located iris is extracted from an eye image, and, after normalization and enhancement, it is represented by a data set. Using this data set a Neural Network NN is used for the classification of iris patterns. The adaptive learning strategy is applied for training of the NN. The implementation of the system is developed with MATLAB. The results of simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the neural system in personal identification. Finally, the accuracy of iris recognition system is tested and evaluated with different iris images. Mo Mo Myint Wai | Nyan Phyo Aung | Lwin Lwin Htay "Software Implementation of Iris Recognition System using MATLAB" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25258.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/25258/software-implementation-of-iris-recognition-system-using-matlab/mo-mo-myint-wai
The document discusses various types of biometric technologies, including physiological and behavioral biometrics. It provides examples of common biometrics like fingerprint recognition and face recognition. It then describes several emerging or less common biometric technologies in more detail, such as DNA recognition, retina recognition, thermograms, gait analysis, keystroke recognition, ear recognition, skin reflection analysis, and lip motion analysis. The document also briefly discusses future challenges and possibilities for using biometrics.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document discusses India transitioning to fully electronic voting. It introduces m-voting which allows voting via mobile phones. It describes the iris scanning process where voters' iris patterns are enrolled and then scanned for verification before allowing them to vote. The benefits of this system are that it saves time, prevents election malpractices, and enables secure voting for remote populations like military forces and those in remote areas.
A fast specular reflection removal based on pixels properties methodjournalBEEI
This document presents a new method for fast and accurate removal of specular reflections from iris images. Specular reflections can reduce the accuracy of iris segmentation algorithms. The proposed method uses pixel properties to locate the pupil region, which is then used to remove specular reflections via flood-fill. It achieves the fastest execution time compared to previous methods, as well as the highest segmentation accuracy and structural similarity index (SSIM) scores. This indicates the proposed method is both fast and accurate for implementation in iris recognition systems.
A Challenge to Analyze and Detect Altered Human FingerprintsIOSR Journals
This document analyzes and proposes a method to detect altered human fingerprints. It discusses three main types of fingerprint alterations: obliteration, distortion, and imitation. It also outlines a system to 1) analyze altered fingerprints, 2) classify alterations, 3) demonstrate detection using a fingerprint database, and 4) develop an automatic detection technique using image processing and matching algorithms. The goal is to highlight the problem of altered fingerprints and propose an algorithm to identify them.
This document compares various biometric methods for identification and verification. It discusses fingerprint recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, and iris recognition as some of the main biometric techniques. For each method, it describes how the biometric data is captured and analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages, and examples of applications where the technique can be used. The document provides an overview of the history of biometrics and the typical modules involved in a biometric system, such as sensors, feature extraction, matching, and template databases.
This document summarizes a research paper on hand vein authentication systems. It discusses how hand vein patterns are unique biometric identifiers that can be used for authentication. The system works by capturing an image of the veins in the back of the hand, extracting the vein pattern features, and matching the features to authenticate a user. Key advantages of this approach are that vein patterns are difficult to replicate, located inside the hand, and stable over time. The document provides details on the image processing and authentication methodology.
This paper explores biometrics and electronic voting in a bid to design a Biometrics-based E-Voting System that could be applicable in Ghana and other similar developing countries, its shortcomings and the advantages of the biometrics authentication module incorporated in the system.
The document discusses biometric identification methods using retinal scans and iris recognition. Retinal scans map the unique blood vessel patterns of the retina, which differ between individuals and remain stable over a person's lifetime. Iris recognition systems use active or passive methods to identify patterns in the iris and convert them to a mathematical code for identification. These biometric methods provide accurate, reliable identification and are used for security applications like prisons, ATMs, and verifying the identities of athletes. However, retinal scans have limitations like being invasive, affected by eye disease or trauma, and requiring user cooperation.
This article discusses the implementation of iris recognition in improving the security of border control systems in the United Arab Emirates. The article explains the significance of the implemented solution and the advantages the government has gained to-date. The UAE deployment of iris recognition technology is currently the largest in the world, both in terms of number of Iris records enrolled (more than 840,751) and number of iris comparisons performed daily 6,225,761,155 (6.2 billion) in ‘all-against-all’ search mode.
The document is a presentation on retina scanning given by Khushboo Shrivastava at Madhav Institute of Technology and Science. It discusses the structure of the eye, what retina scanning is, how it works, its history, principles, techniques, specifications, comparison to iris scanning, uses, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and future. Retina scanning uses the unique patterns of the retina's blood vessels to identify individuals and provide security authentication in under 2 seconds with very low false acceptance and rejection rates. However, it is an intrusive technique and accuracy can be affected by eye disease.
This document is a technical seminar report on touch accessors and eye scanners presented by Avinash Vemulapalli at Sri Vasavi Engineering College. It discusses the working of touch accessors which use finger ridges for authorization and eye scanners which use the iris for recognition. Eye scanners were developed by Denis-Alfred and their main advantages include easy user access and high security. Pattern matching is one algorithm used. Eye scanners are now used in mobile devices developed by Apple.
This document discusses biometrics, which is the measurement and analysis of people's physical and behavioral characteristics for identification purposes. It describes several biometric technologies including fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, voice recognition, iris recognition, retina recognition, and hand geometry. For each technology, it explains the basic process and how unique physical traits are measured and analyzed. The advantages of biometrics are that they cannot be lost, stolen, or forgotten like passwords. However, biometrics also have disadvantages like high costs and potential inaccuracies. Biometrics have applications in security, banking, healthcare, and other fields.
This is a Fingerprint based class attendance system in higher institutions, The implementation take attendance of student in a class and give output of student eligibility status at the end of the semester or term
Biometrics refers to using unique human characteristics to identify individuals. This document outlines biometrics, how it works through enrollment and matching of data, its importance for security, and its various applications like access control and ATMs. The future of biometrics is promising with technologies like ear and odor recognition. While biometrics provide advantages like accuracy, issues around cost, privacy, and errors still need addressing.
Introduction
The term “biometrics” is derived from the Greek words “bio” (life) and “metrics” (to measure). Automated biometric systems have only become available over the last few decades, due to significant advances in the field of computer processing. Many of these new automated techniques, however, are based on ideas that were originally conceived hundreds, even thousands of years ago.
One of the oldest and most basic examples of a characteristic that is used for recognition by humans is the face. Since the beginning of civilization, humans have used faces to identify known (familiar) and unknown (unfamiliar) individuals. This simple task became increasingly more challenging as populations increased and as more convenient methods of travel introduced many new individuals into- once small communities. The concept of human-to-human recognition is also seen in behavioral-predominant biometrics such as speaker and gait recognition. Individuals use these characteristics, somewhat unconsciously, to recognize known individuals on a day-to-day basis.
Secure Authentication System Using Video SurveillanceIOSR Journals
The document proposes a secure authentication system using video surveillance that extracts key features from video to identify and authenticate users. It begins with an introduction to existing biometric authentication methods and their limitations. It then describes the proposed video surveillance system which involves extracting foreground objects from video using background subtraction and shadow detection algorithms. Key features like skeleton and centroid features are extracted from the foreground objects using triangulation and depth first search. These features are stored in a database and used to identify and authenticate users by comparing with live video feed features. The system aims to provide secure authentication using video's ability to characterize biometrics based on dynamics like gait, while overcoming limitations of existing methods.
Physical biometrics alludes to physiological elements on the human body that can fill in as ID, for example, a finger impression or retina filter. Organizations frequently gather and store physical biometric information to confirm personalities for a wide range of occupations, security being the clearest. Physical biometric distinguishing proof can likewise have other use situations where facial acknowledgment is utilized to recognize hot shots in a gambling club to further develop their client experience.
Iris scanning uses the unique patterns in a person's iris, which are determined before birth and remain stable throughout life, allowing for highly accurate biometric identification. An iris code using a mathematical algorithm represents each iris pattern, and no two codes are the same. Current uses of iris scanning include smartphones, airports, and government and military applications due to its accuracy and speed compared to fingerprint scanning. Future uses may expand to ATMs, healthcare, transportation, and other areas requiring security and user identification.
This document discusses iris recognition as a biometric method for human identification. It begins by defining biometrics and outlining the development of iris recognition from the 1980s to modern applications. The iris is described as a protected internal organ of the eye that is visible from a distance and contains unique patterns. Key points are that iris patterns are stable over a person's lifetime and have a very low probability of matching between two different people. The document then covers the major parts of an iris recognition system and both technical challenges and applications.
Software Implementation of Iris Recognition System using MATLABijtsrd
The software implementation of iris recognition system introduces in this paper. This system intends to apply for high security required areas. The demand on security is increasing greatly in these years and biometric recognition gradually becomes a hot field of research. Iris recognition is a branch of biometric recognition method. In thesis, Iris recognition system consists of localization of the iris region and generation of data set of iris images followed by iris pattern recognition. In thesis, a fast algorithm is proposed for the localization of the inner and outer boundaries of the iris region. Located iris is extracted from an eye image, and, after normalization and enhancement, it is represented by a data set. Using this data set a Neural Network NN is used for the classification of iris patterns. The adaptive learning strategy is applied for training of the NN. The implementation of the system is developed with MATLAB. The results of simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the neural system in personal identification. Finally, the accuracy of iris recognition system is tested and evaluated with different iris images. Mo Mo Myint Wai | Nyan Phyo Aung | Lwin Lwin Htay "Software Implementation of Iris Recognition System using MATLAB" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25258.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/25258/software-implementation-of-iris-recognition-system-using-matlab/mo-mo-myint-wai
The document discusses various types of biometric technologies, including physiological and behavioral biometrics. It provides examples of common biometrics like fingerprint recognition and face recognition. It then describes several emerging or less common biometric technologies in more detail, such as DNA recognition, retina recognition, thermograms, gait analysis, keystroke recognition, ear recognition, skin reflection analysis, and lip motion analysis. The document also briefly discusses future challenges and possibilities for using biometrics.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document discusses India transitioning to fully electronic voting. It introduces m-voting which allows voting via mobile phones. It describes the iris scanning process where voters' iris patterns are enrolled and then scanned for verification before allowing them to vote. The benefits of this system are that it saves time, prevents election malpractices, and enables secure voting for remote populations like military forces and those in remote areas.
A fast specular reflection removal based on pixels properties methodjournalBEEI
This document presents a new method for fast and accurate removal of specular reflections from iris images. Specular reflections can reduce the accuracy of iris segmentation algorithms. The proposed method uses pixel properties to locate the pupil region, which is then used to remove specular reflections via flood-fill. It achieves the fastest execution time compared to previous methods, as well as the highest segmentation accuracy and structural similarity index (SSIM) scores. This indicates the proposed method is both fast and accurate for implementation in iris recognition systems.
A Challenge to Analyze and Detect Altered Human FingerprintsIOSR Journals
This document analyzes and proposes a method to detect altered human fingerprints. It discusses three main types of fingerprint alterations: obliteration, distortion, and imitation. It also outlines a system to 1) analyze altered fingerprints, 2) classify alterations, 3) demonstrate detection using a fingerprint database, and 4) develop an automatic detection technique using image processing and matching algorithms. The goal is to highlight the problem of altered fingerprints and propose an algorithm to identify them.
This document compares various biometric methods for identification and verification. It discusses fingerprint recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, and iris recognition as some of the main biometric techniques. For each method, it describes how the biometric data is captured and analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages, and examples of applications where the technique can be used. The document provides an overview of the history of biometrics and the typical modules involved in a biometric system, such as sensors, feature extraction, matching, and template databases.
This document summarizes a research paper on hand vein authentication systems. It discusses how hand vein patterns are unique biometric identifiers that can be used for authentication. The system works by capturing an image of the veins in the back of the hand, extracting the vein pattern features, and matching the features to authenticate a user. Key advantages of this approach are that vein patterns are difficult to replicate, located inside the hand, and stable over time. The document provides details on the image processing and authentication methodology.
This paper explores biometrics and electronic voting in a bid to design a Biometrics-based E-Voting System that could be applicable in Ghana and other similar developing countries, its shortcomings and the advantages of the biometrics authentication module incorporated in the system.
The document discusses biometric identification methods using retinal scans and iris recognition. Retinal scans map the unique blood vessel patterns of the retina, which differ between individuals and remain stable over a person's lifetime. Iris recognition systems use active or passive methods to identify patterns in the iris and convert them to a mathematical code for identification. These biometric methods provide accurate, reliable identification and are used for security applications like prisons, ATMs, and verifying the identities of athletes. However, retinal scans have limitations like being invasive, affected by eye disease or trauma, and requiring user cooperation.
This article discusses the implementation of iris recognition in improving the security of border control systems in the United Arab Emirates. The article explains the significance of the implemented solution and the advantages the government has gained to-date. The UAE deployment of iris recognition technology is currently the largest in the world, both in terms of number of Iris records enrolled (more than 840,751) and number of iris comparisons performed daily 6,225,761,155 (6.2 billion) in ‘all-against-all’ search mode.
The document is a presentation on retina scanning given by Khushboo Shrivastava at Madhav Institute of Technology and Science. It discusses the structure of the eye, what retina scanning is, how it works, its history, principles, techniques, specifications, comparison to iris scanning, uses, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and future. Retina scanning uses the unique patterns of the retina's blood vessels to identify individuals and provide security authentication in under 2 seconds with very low false acceptance and rejection rates. However, it is an intrusive technique and accuracy can be affected by eye disease.
This document is a technical seminar report on touch accessors and eye scanners presented by Avinash Vemulapalli at Sri Vasavi Engineering College. It discusses the working of touch accessors which use finger ridges for authorization and eye scanners which use the iris for recognition. Eye scanners were developed by Denis-Alfred and their main advantages include easy user access and high security. Pattern matching is one algorithm used. Eye scanners are now used in mobile devices developed by Apple.
This document discusses biometrics, which is the measurement and analysis of people's physical and behavioral characteristics for identification purposes. It describes several biometric technologies including fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, voice recognition, iris recognition, retina recognition, and hand geometry. For each technology, it explains the basic process and how unique physical traits are measured and analyzed. The advantages of biometrics are that they cannot be lost, stolen, or forgotten like passwords. However, biometrics also have disadvantages like high costs and potential inaccuracies. Biometrics have applications in security, banking, healthcare, and other fields.
This is a Fingerprint based class attendance system in higher institutions, The implementation take attendance of student in a class and give output of student eligibility status at the end of the semester or term
Biometrics refers to using unique human characteristics to identify individuals. This document outlines biometrics, how it works through enrollment and matching of data, its importance for security, and its various applications like access control and ATMs. The future of biometrics is promising with technologies like ear and odor recognition. While biometrics provide advantages like accuracy, issues around cost, privacy, and errors still need addressing.
Introduction
The term “biometrics” is derived from the Greek words “bio” (life) and “metrics” (to measure). Automated biometric systems have only become available over the last few decades, due to significant advances in the field of computer processing. Many of these new automated techniques, however, are based on ideas that were originally conceived hundreds, even thousands of years ago.
One of the oldest and most basic examples of a characteristic that is used for recognition by humans is the face. Since the beginning of civilization, humans have used faces to identify known (familiar) and unknown (unfamiliar) individuals. This simple task became increasingly more challenging as populations increased and as more convenient methods of travel introduced many new individuals into- once small communities. The concept of human-to-human recognition is also seen in behavioral-predominant biometrics such as speaker and gait recognition. Individuals use these characteristics, somewhat unconsciously, to recognize known individuals on a day-to-day basis.
Secure Authentication System Using Video SurveillanceIOSR Journals
The document proposes a secure authentication system using video surveillance that extracts key features from video to identify and authenticate users. It begins with an introduction to existing biometric authentication methods and their limitations. It then describes the proposed video surveillance system which involves extracting foreground objects from video using background subtraction and shadow detection algorithms. Key features like skeleton and centroid features are extracted from the foreground objects using triangulation and depth first search. These features are stored in a database and used to identify and authenticate users by comparing with live video feed features. The system aims to provide secure authentication using video's ability to characterize biometrics based on dynamics like gait, while overcoming limitations of existing methods.
Physical biometrics alludes to physiological elements on the human body that can fill in as ID, for example, a finger impression or retina filter. Organizations frequently gather and store physical biometric information to confirm personalities for a wide range of occupations, security being the clearest. Physical biometric distinguishing proof can likewise have other use situations where facial acknowledgment is utilized to recognize hot shots in a gambling club to further develop their client experience.
This document discusses fingerprint-based person verification using MATLAB. It introduces fingerprint biometrics and processing images in the spatial and frequency domains. Fingerprints are a good biometric due to their universality, uniqueness, and permanence. The document describes classifying fingerprints based on patterns like loops and whorls. It also discusses representing fingerprints using minutiae points and applying biometrics to applications like access control and law enforcement.
The paper explores iris recognition for personal identification and verification. In this paper a new iris recognition technique is proposed using (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) SIFT. Image-processing algorithms have been validated on noised real iris image database. The proposed innovative technique is computationally effective as well as reliable in terms of recognition rates.
Paper helps to learner to know about various bio metrics and comparison between them. this paper provide researchers a brief information so that they can choose their research area in biometric based on the comparison
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Protection of Patient Identity and Privacy Using Vascular BiometricsCSCJournals
Biometric systems are being used in hospitals to streamline patient registration and identification, as an effective measure to protect patient privacy and prevent identity theft. Many Hospitals and Healthcare institutions are turning towards Vascular Biometrics which complement the biometric recognition with hygiene and improved accuracy. In this paper, a multimodal hand vein system and a multibiometric fingerprint-hand vein biometric system are proposed. The multimodal hand vein system is a non-invasive, contactless and fast system, which uses two different feature sets extracted from each hand vein image. The multibiometric system captures both the fingerprint as well as the hand vein of the patient and hence offers even more improved performance though the speed and the cost of the system as well as the hygiene are reduced. We have used the Euclidean classifier to calculate the performance rates namely the False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR) of the Vein System and the Fingerprint-Vein System. We have performed this analysis using a volunteer crew of 74 persons. The FRR and FAR were 0.46% and 0.7% in the former case and 0% and 0.01% in the latter case respectively. The multimodal or the multibiometric system could be used based of the Hospital‘s requirements.
Biometrics Authentication of Fingerprint with Using Fingerprint Reader and Mi...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The idea of security is as old as humanity itself. Between oldest methods of security were
included simple mechanical locks whose authentication element was the key. At first, a universal–simple
type, later unique for each lock. A long time had mechanical locks been the sole option for protection
against unauthorized access. The boom of biometrics has come in the 20th century, and especially in
recent years, biometrics is much expanded in the various areas of our life. Opposite of traditional security
methods such as passwords, access cards, and hardware keys, it offers many benefits. The main benefits
are the uniqueness and the impossibility of their loss. The main benefits are the uniqueness and the
impossibility of their loss. Therefore we focussed in this paper on the the design of low cost biometric
fingerprint system and subsequent implementation of this system in praxtise. Our main goal was to create
a system that is capable of recognizing fingerprints from a user and then processing them. The main part
of this system is the microcontroller Arduino Yun with an external interface to the scan of the fingerprint
with a name Adafruit R305 (special reader). This microcontroller communicates with the external database,
which ensures the exchange of data between Arduino Yun and user application. This application was
created for (currently) most widespread mobile operating system-Android.
This document is a seminar report on an iris recognition biometric security system. It provides an abstract that describes iris recognition technology and how it is used for biometric identification. It then discusses the key components of an iris recognition system, including image acquisition, preprocessing, image analysis, and image recognition. It also compares iris recognition to other biometric technologies and discusses applications of iris recognition systems.
The document discusses the technology of the future. It covers several topics related to biometrics including a brief history, current applications, and the future potential of various biometric technologies such as fingerprints, iris recognition, and voice recognition. The document also discusses how biometric systems work and compares the features and accuracy of different biometric parameters.
This document proposes fusing eye vein and finger vein biometrics for multimodal authentication. It extracts features from eye vein and finger vein images separately, then concatenates the feature vectors. Experimental results on public databases show this technique achieves more accurate identity verification than single biometrics, with lower false rejection and acceptance rates. The fused template provides better discrimination than individual features.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document summarizes the process of iris recognition for biometric authentication. It begins with image acquisition of the iris using a camera. Next, iris localization is performed to isolate the iris region from the rest of the eye image. Finally, pattern matching is done by converting the iris image into a numeric iris code template using Gabor wavelets to extract distinguishing features of the iris texture and patterns. This iris code provides a highly accurate means of identifying individuals due to the richness of distinguishing details in the iris structure.
This document summarizes different types of biometrics, including physiological and behavioral biometrics. It provides details on common biometrics like fingerprint recognition, face recognition, speaker recognition, and iris recognition. It also discusses less common biometrics still in early stages of development, such as DNA recognition, retina recognition, thermograms, gait analysis, keystroke recognition, ear recognition, skin reflection, lip motion analysis, and body odor analysis. The document compares DNA biometrics to conventional biometrics and provides examples of applications of different biometrics technologies.
This document provides a summary of face detection and recognition techniques. It discusses common methods like feature-based, holistic, and hybrid approaches. For face detection, it examines the Viola-Jones method using Haar features and Shi and Thomasi algorithm for extracting feature points. It also surveys different papers on face recognition and describes methods like color-based, motion-based, blink detection, and feature detection techniques. The document provides details on active shape models, low-level analysis using skin color, gray scale, and edges. It also discusses feature analysis methods like Viola-Jones and Gabor filters as well as the constellation method.
A comparison of multiple wavelet algorithms for iris recognition 2IAEME Publication
The document compares multiple wavelet algorithms for iris recognition, including complex wavelet transform, Gabor wavelets, and discrete wavelet transform. It first provides background on iris recognition and wavelets. It then describes typical iris recognition systems which involve image acquisition, segmentation, normalization, feature extraction, and matching. Next, it discusses complex wavelets, Gabor wavelets, and discrete wavelet transform for feature extraction in iris recognition. Complex wavelets extract phase and amplitude information to accurately describe oscillating functions. Gabor filters model human visual processing and generate phase-coded bit strings for matching. Discrete wavelet transform uses dyadic wavelet scales and positions for efficient analysis. The paper compares these wavelet algorithms for iris image enhancement,
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An Investigation towards Effectiveness of Present State of Biometric-Based Au...RSIS International
The adoption of biometric-based authentication mechanism has been already initiated a decade back but still in real-life we get to see usage of only unimodal biometrics. Out of all the different forms of biometrics, we see usage of fingerprint as the dominant attribute in contrast to different other attributes e.g. teeth image, palm, facial geometry, retina network, iris, etc. Multimodal biometrics is believed to offered better security compared to unimodal. Although, there are some of the technical advancement in evolving up with new multimodal methodologies, but still commercial usage of such is yet to be seen. Therefore, this manuscripts aims to explore the level of effectiveness in existing approaches of biometric-based authentication system in order to further investigate the unaddressed solution towards this problem. This paper reviews the approaches used for addressing different problems associated with biometrics and discusses about their technical methodologies as well as their limitations.
This paper presents an efficient ear recognition technique which derives benefits from the local features of the
ear and attempt to handle the problems due to pose, poor contrast, change in illumination and lack of
registration. Recognizing humans by their ear have recently received significant attention in the field of
research. Ear is the rich in characteristics. This paper provides a detailed survey of research done in ear
detection and recognition. This survey paper is very useful in the current state-of- art for those who are working
in this area and also for those who might exploit this new approach.
Similar to Multimodel Biometric System: A Review (20)
This document presents a study that uses linear regression to predict university freshmen's academic performance (GPA) based on their scores on the Joint Matriculation Examination (JME). The study finds a weak positive correlation (R=0.137) between GPA and JME scores, with the regression model only explaining 1.9% of variability in GPA. Statistical tests show no significant relationship between JME score and university GPA (p>0.05). The study concludes that JME score is not a strong predictor of freshmen academic performance.
This document describes a school bus tracking and security system that uses face recognition, GPS, and notification technologies. The system uses a camera to identify students as they board and exit the bus. A GPS module tracks the bus location and uploads coordinates to a database. Parents and school administrators can access this information through a mobile app to track students. When a student's face is recognized, a notification is sent to the parents. The system aims to increase student safety by monitoring their locations and notifying parents when they enter or exit the bus.
BigBasket encashing the Demonetisation: A big opportunityIJSRED
1. BigBasket is India's largest online grocery retailer, launched in 2011 when online grocery shopping was still nascent.
2. During India's 2016 demonetization, when cash was scarce, online grocery saw a major boost as consumers turned to sites like BigBasket for contactless digital payments.
3. However, BigBasket faced challenges in meeting consumer expectations for quick delivery while expanding partnerships with local vendors for fresh produce during this surge in demand.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Plant Leaf DiseaseIJSRED
This document discusses a technique for detecting plant leaf diseases using image processing. It begins with an introduction to plant pathology and the importance of identifying plant diseases. Common plant leaf diseases like Alternaria Alternata, Anthracnose, Bacterial blight, and Cercospora Leaf Spot are described along with their symptoms. The existing methods of disease identification are discussed. The proposed method uses various image processing techniques like filtering, histogram equalization, k-means clustering, and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) feature extraction to detect diseases. Image quality is then assessed to identify the affected regions of the leaf.
DC Fast Charger and Battery Management System for Electric VehiclesIJSRED
This document discusses the development of a DC fast charger and battery management system for electric vehicles. It aims to reduce charging times for EVs by designing an efficient charging mechanism. A PIC microcontroller controls the charging voltage and a battery management system monitors battery temperature, voltage, current and provides notifications. The system uses a step-down transformer, rectifier, voltage regulators and temperature sensor to charge lithium-ion batteries safely and quickly, while the battery management system protects the batteries from overcharging or overheating. Faster charging times through more charging stations could encourage greater adoption of electric vehicles.
France has experienced steady economic growth through policies that develop human capital and innovation. It has a highly organized education system that has increased enrollments over time, particularly in tertiary education. France also invests heavily in research and development, ranking highly in patents and innovative organizations. Infrastructure investment has also increased tangible capital stock. Additionally, factors like political stability, rule of law, and low corruption create an environment conducive to business investment and growth. Major events like the French Revolution helped shape France culturally, legally and technologically in ways that still influence its growth path today.
This document describes an acquisition system designed to make the examination process more efficient. The system uses a Raspberry Pi to control various hardware components including an RFID reader, rack and pinion assembly, and motor. It is intended to reduce the time and effort required of staff to distribute exam materials by automating the process. When examiners scan their RFID tags, the system verifies their identity and allows them to retrieve the appropriate exam bundles via a motorized rack and pinion assembly. The goal is to minimize manual labor and speed up exam distribution using an automated hardware and software solution controlled by a Raspberry Pi microcontroller.
Parallelization of Graceful Labeling Using Open MPIJSRED
This document summarizes research on parallelizing the graceful graph labeling problem using OpenMP on multi-core processors. It introduces the concepts of parallelization, multi-core architecture, and OpenMP. An algorithm is designed to parallelize graceful labeling by distributing graph vertices across processor cores. Execution time and speedup are measured for graphs of increasing size, showing improved speedup and reduced time with parallelization. Results show consistent performance gains as graph size increases due to better utilization of the multi-core architecture.
Study of Phenotypic Plasticity of Fruits of Luffa Acutangula Var. AmaraIJSRED
This study examines the phenotypic plasticity of fruits in the plant Luffa acutangula var. amara across different locations in Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra, India. The study found that the plant exhibited plasticity in growth cycle, flowering season, leaf shape, and fruit size depending on location. Maximum fruit weights and sizes were recorded at Talebazar village, while minimum sizes were found at Dahibav village. The variation in fruit morphology is an adaptation to the different environmental conditions at each site.
Understanding Architecture of Internet of ThingsIJSRED
The document discusses the architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins by introducing IoT and its key components. It then discusses three traditional IoT architectures: (1) a three-layer architecture consisting of a perception, network and application layer; (2) the TCP/IP four-layer model; and (3) the Telecommunications Management Network's five-layer logical layered architecture. The document proposes a new five-layer IoT architecture combining aspects of these models. The five layers are the business, application, processing, transport and perception layers. The perception layer collects data via sensors while the business layer manages the overall enterprise.
This document describes a project report submitted by three students for their bachelor's degree. The report outlines the development of a smart shopping cart system that utilizes RFID and Zigbee technologies. The smart cart is intended to enhance the shopping experience for customers by automatically billing items as they are added to the cart, providing real-time stock levels, and reducing checkout times. The system aims to benefit both customers through a more personalized shopping experience and retailers by improving stock management and reducing shoplifting. The document includes sections on requirements, system design, implementation, results and discussion, and conclusions.
An Emperical Study of Learning How Soft Skills is Essential for Management St...IJSRED
This document discusses an empirical study on the importance of soft skills for management students' careers. It finds that while hard skills and academic performance were once prioritized by employers, soft skills like communication, teamwork, and emotional intelligence are now essential for success. The study surveyed 50 management students and faculty in Bangalore to understand how well soft skills training is incorporated and its benefits. It determined that soft skills like communication are crucial as they influence interactions and job performance. However, older teaching methods do not sufficiently develop these skills. Integrating soft skills training into courses could better prepare students for today's work challenges.
The document describes a proposed smart canteen management system that uses various technologies like a web application, barcode scanner, and thermal printer to automate the food ordering process. The system aims to reduce wait times for students and avoid food wastage by allowing online ordering and monitoring stock. A barcode scanner will be used to identify students during ordering and payment. Thermal printers will generate receipts. The system is expected to reduce workload for staff and provide detailed sales reports for management.
This document discusses Gandhi's concept of trusteeship as an alternative economic system. It summarizes that Gandhi did not distinguish between economics and ethics, and based trusteeship on religious ideas like non-possession and truth as well as Western ideas like stewardship. Trusteeship aimed to persuade wealthy property owners to hold wealth in trust for the benefit of society rather than personal gain. It was meant as a non-violent alternative to capitalism and communism that eliminated class conflict through cooperation and trust between rich and poor. The document provides background on the philosophical and religious influences on Gandhi's views before explaining the key aspects of his theory of trusteeship.
Impacts of a New Spatial Variable on a Black Hole Metric SolutionIJSRED
This document discusses the impacts of introducing a new spatial variable in black hole metrics. It begins by summarizing Einstein and Rosen's 1935 paper which introduced a variable ρ = r - 2M in the Schwarzschild metric to remove the singularity. The document then introduces a similar new variable p = r - 2√M and analyzes how this impacts the Schwarzschild metric. Specifically, it notes that this new variable allows for negative radii values and multiple asymptotic regions beyond just two, introducing concepts of probability and imaginary spatial coordinates. Overall, the document explores how different mathematical variables can impact theoretical physics concepts like wormholes.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledg...IJSRED
This document summarizes a study that assessed the effectiveness of a planned teaching program on mothers' knowledge of preventing acute respiratory infections in children under 5. 50 mothers were surveyed before and after the program. Before, 36% had moderate knowledge, 62% had inadequate knowledge, and 2% had adequate knowledge. After, 34% had moderate knowledge, 0% had inadequate knowledge, and 66% had adequate knowledge, showing the program improved mothers' knowledge. The study found no significant association between mothers' knowledge and factors like age, education, or family type.
This document describes a proposed ingenuous Trafalgar contrivition system to improve traffic flow and emergency vehicle access. The system uses embedded technologies like a Raspberry Pi, RF transmitter and receiver, and an Android app. When an emergency vehicle is detected approaching a traffic light, the system will open the lights on its path without disrupting other signals. The app will also help identify hit-and-run vehicles through a brief tracking period. The goal is to reduce traffic congestion and response times to save lives.
This document discusses a proposed system called the Farmer's Analytical Assistant, which aims to help farmers in India maximize crop yields through predictive analysis and recommendations. It analyzes agricultural data on factors like soil properties, rainfall, and past crop performance using machine learning techniques to predict optimal crops for different regions based on the environmental conditions. The proposed system would allow farmers to input local data, receive personalized yield predictions and crop suggestions, and get advice from experts online. The methodology section describes how climate/rainfall and soil data is collected and analyzed using machine learning models to provide crop recommendations. The goal is to improve upon traditional crop selection methods and help increase farmers' incomes.
Functions of Forensic Engineering Investigator in IndiaIJSRED
Forensic engineering involves applying engineering principles and methodologies to answer legal questions, especially regarding accidents and failures. A forensic engineer investigates failures through failure analysis and root cause analysis to determine how and why something failed. The engineer must be familiar with relevant codes and standards, understand eyewitness testimony, apply the scientific method to reconstruct events, and report findings clearly to assist courts. A forensic engineering investigation follows the scientific method to methodically analyze evidence and test hypotheses to determine the cause and circumstances of a failure or accident.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...Prakhyath Rai
Software Testing: A Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Strategic Issues, Test Strategies for Conventional Software, Test Strategies for Object -Oriented Software, Validation Testing, System Testing, The Art of Debugging.
Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.