This document summarizes the findings of the "Moving Cooler" study on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector in the United States. It finds that transportation accounts for over 28% of total US GHG emissions. The study examined a wide range of strategies to reduce emissions, organized into 6 "bundles" including land use and public transportation improvements as well as system efficiency and road pricing. Modeling found aggressive implementation could reduce emissions by 11-18% by 2050, while maximum deployment could achieve reductions of 17-35% through strategies that also offer cost savings and support other social goals. Both near-term and long-term strategies are needed to significantly reduce the cumulative emissions challenge over time.
Environmental fiscal reform and the proposed carbon tax Tristan Wiggill
A presentation by Mr Cecil Morden (Chief Director: Economic Tax Analysis: National Treasury), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Sustainable Transport" on 6 August 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg's Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies (Africa), or ITLS (Africa). The theme of the presentation was: "Environmental Fiscal Reform and the proposed Carbon Tax".
Comparing hard-linking (TIMES-MSA) and soft-linking (TIMES-HERMES) methodolog...IEA-ETSAP
This document compares two methodologies - TIMES-MSA (hard-linking) and TIMES-HERMES (soft-linking) - for quantifying the economic impacts of climate mitigation strategies in Ireland. It presents results from modeling an emissions reduction scenario in 2030 using these two approaches. TIMES-MSA models a GDP contraction while TIMES-HERMES models GDP growth due to carbon tax revenue recycling. Next steps include further runs comparing HERMES variants and better understanding differences between structural and production function modeling for Ireland's economy.
This document provides an agenda and summary for an event on energy trends in Ireland in 2021. It includes presentations on energy trends in 2020, preliminary energy data from 2021, and energy statistics innovations. There will also be a live Q&A session and closing remarks. The event will discuss COVID-19 impacts on energy consumption in 2020, renewable energy targets, and definitive European and national renewable energy results from 2020.
Outdoor air quality and health: Evidence to action - Karen ExleyIES / IAQM
The document discusses work by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and Public Health England (PHE) on outdoor air quality and health. It outlines NICE's role in developing guidelines and quality standards on outdoor air pollution. It summarizes NICE's 2017 guideline on reducing health impacts of road traffic air pollution and its 2019 quality standard containing priority statements. It then discusses PHE's review of interventions to improve air quality and public health, identifying promising options like planning green infrastructure, subsidizing public transit, and behavioral programs. The document recommends a holistic approach targeting multiple pollutants and domains through evaluated interventions to maximize health benefits.
Modelling global macroeconomic impacts of a carbon constrained energy system ...IEA-ETSAP
This document outlines a proposed structure and initial results from modelling the global macroeconomic impacts of decarbonizing the energy system using an integrated energy-economy model called ETSAP-TIAM-MSA. The model links the bottom-up energy system model ETSAP-TIAM with a macroeconomic model called MSA. Initial results show that meeting climate targets leads to lower carbon emissions but can reduce GDP by up to 5% in some regions by 2050 compared to baseline scenarios without climate policy. The model captures non-linear demand responses to energy costs that cannot be represented by simple demand elasticities. Further work is needed to refine regional calibrations and test sensitivities.
Hidden pollution exposure inside the vehicle cabin, and why an alternative ap...IES / IAQM
The document discusses the need for an alternative approach to Clean Air Zones to effectively tackle vehicle emissions and improve air quality. It notes that while new engine technologies have reduced NOx emissions, the large number of older, more polluting vehicles on roads means air quality issues will continue unless these vehicles are addressed. Measuring in-cabin pollution shows drivers face significant exposure, especially when behind older diesel vehicles. The document proposes using an independent AIR Index rating system based on on-road testing to identify highly polluting vehicles, which could help create more effective and fair policies to improve air quality and public health.
This document summarizes the findings of the "Moving Cooler" study on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector in the United States. It finds that transportation accounts for over 28% of total US GHG emissions. The study examined a wide range of strategies to reduce emissions, organized into 6 "bundles" including land use and public transportation improvements as well as system efficiency and road pricing. Modeling found aggressive implementation could reduce emissions by 11-18% by 2050, while maximum deployment could achieve reductions of 17-35% through strategies that also offer cost savings and support other social goals. Both near-term and long-term strategies are needed to significantly reduce the cumulative emissions challenge over time.
Environmental fiscal reform and the proposed carbon tax Tristan Wiggill
A presentation by Mr Cecil Morden (Chief Director: Economic Tax Analysis: National Treasury), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Sustainable Transport" on 6 August 2015 hosted by University of Johannesburg's Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies (Africa), or ITLS (Africa). The theme of the presentation was: "Environmental Fiscal Reform and the proposed Carbon Tax".
Comparing hard-linking (TIMES-MSA) and soft-linking (TIMES-HERMES) methodolog...IEA-ETSAP
This document compares two methodologies - TIMES-MSA (hard-linking) and TIMES-HERMES (soft-linking) - for quantifying the economic impacts of climate mitigation strategies in Ireland. It presents results from modeling an emissions reduction scenario in 2030 using these two approaches. TIMES-MSA models a GDP contraction while TIMES-HERMES models GDP growth due to carbon tax revenue recycling. Next steps include further runs comparing HERMES variants and better understanding differences between structural and production function modeling for Ireland's economy.
This document provides an agenda and summary for an event on energy trends in Ireland in 2021. It includes presentations on energy trends in 2020, preliminary energy data from 2021, and energy statistics innovations. There will also be a live Q&A session and closing remarks. The event will discuss COVID-19 impacts on energy consumption in 2020, renewable energy targets, and definitive European and national renewable energy results from 2020.
Outdoor air quality and health: Evidence to action - Karen ExleyIES / IAQM
The document discusses work by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and Public Health England (PHE) on outdoor air quality and health. It outlines NICE's role in developing guidelines and quality standards on outdoor air pollution. It summarizes NICE's 2017 guideline on reducing health impacts of road traffic air pollution and its 2019 quality standard containing priority statements. It then discusses PHE's review of interventions to improve air quality and public health, identifying promising options like planning green infrastructure, subsidizing public transit, and behavioral programs. The document recommends a holistic approach targeting multiple pollutants and domains through evaluated interventions to maximize health benefits.
Modelling global macroeconomic impacts of a carbon constrained energy system ...IEA-ETSAP
This document outlines a proposed structure and initial results from modelling the global macroeconomic impacts of decarbonizing the energy system using an integrated energy-economy model called ETSAP-TIAM-MSA. The model links the bottom-up energy system model ETSAP-TIAM with a macroeconomic model called MSA. Initial results show that meeting climate targets leads to lower carbon emissions but can reduce GDP by up to 5% in some regions by 2050 compared to baseline scenarios without climate policy. The model captures non-linear demand responses to energy costs that cannot be represented by simple demand elasticities. Further work is needed to refine regional calibrations and test sensitivities.
Hidden pollution exposure inside the vehicle cabin, and why an alternative ap...IES / IAQM
The document discusses the need for an alternative approach to Clean Air Zones to effectively tackle vehicle emissions and improve air quality. It notes that while new engine technologies have reduced NOx emissions, the large number of older, more polluting vehicles on roads means air quality issues will continue unless these vehicles are addressed. Measuring in-cabin pollution shows drivers face significant exposure, especially when behind older diesel vehicles. The document proposes using an independent AIR Index rating system based on on-road testing to identify highly polluting vehicles, which could help create more effective and fair policies to improve air quality and public health.
The document provides an overview and summary of key elements of Assembly Bill 649 and Senate Bill 450, which address clean energy and climate change issues in Wisconsin. The summary includes goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase renewable energy and energy efficiency. It also describes programs for energy efficiency, renewable portfolio standards, renewable tariffs, and considerations for new nuclear power plants. Additional sections cover transportation initiatives, energy efficient buildings and equipment, roles for state and local government, bioenergy, industrial efficiency incentives, and coordinating climate change programs.
The document summarizes regulatory updates and initiatives from a presentation given by Triumvirate Environmental. It discusses the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act requirements, regional greenhouse gas initiatives, and proposed regulations from EPA and state environmental agencies regarding air emissions, hazardous waste, wastewater and stormwater permits.
This document provides an overview of Ireland's environmental performance and policies based on an OECD review. It finds that while Ireland has made progress in some areas like renewable energy and carbon pricing, it still faces challenges meeting its climate and environmental targets. Agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Energy still relies heavily on fossil fuels, and transport patterns are dominated by private car use. Air quality issues persist from heating and transport. Water quality has declined and biodiversity is a concern. The document recommends accelerating policies like expanding protected areas, banning smoky fuels, and increasing investment in areas like retrofits, public transport and clean technology research to improve sustainability.
Energy sector contribution to climate actionIEA-ETSAP
This document summarizes the findings of a study on the energy sector's contribution to climate action in Latin America. It finds that while Latin America's emissions are currently small at around 9% of the global total, they have grown 57% in the last 40 years and are rising fast. The study uses an energy modeling tool called TIMES-ALyC to evaluate the potential impacts of countries' Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) on emissions and the energy system in Latin America out to 2050. It finds that the INDCs would reduce emissions more significantly than the earlier NAMA pledges, with emissions falling 24-32%
Update on German city measures to control (diesel) vehicle emissions - Martin...IES / IAQM
This document summarizes an update on measures taken in Berlin, Germany to control diesel emissions and improve air quality. It discusses the legal pressure to reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels, which exceed limits due to road traffic emissions. It outlines Berlin's air quality challenges and sources of NO2. It also summarizes national initiatives in Germany to address non-compliance, including efforts to facilitate diesel retrofits and alternative fuel infrastructure. Local measures that could help reduce NO2 in Berlin are modeled, but challenges in achieving compliance by 2020 through mobility and transport planning measures alone are noted. Immediate restrictions on diesel vehicles with high emissions may be necessary on polluted roads.
Making the case for holistic thinking about urban air quality policies - Audr...IES / IAQM
The document summarizes a presentation about holistic thinking for urban air quality policies. It discusses several studies and models that show benefits from reducing car usage and increasing active transportation like biking and walking. These include avoided deaths from improved air quality, health benefits from increased physical activity, and additional benefits from more greenspace. The presentation argues that behavioral approaches focused on alternatives to driving can provide more co-benefits than technological solutions alone and that considering these wider impacts enables more holistic urban planning strategies.
This presentation gives an overview of the carbon pricing mechanism that has been announced by the Australian government. It talks about Australia’s pollution profile and emissions, the expected changes with a price on carbon, carbon tax versus emissions trading schemes, how the carbon price will work, the biggest polluters in Australia, the changes that will be implemented, the carbon pricing mechanism explained and the impact for companies.
The Carbon Nexus - Boilers, Power Plants, and Strategic Energy ManagementVeritatis Advisors, Inc.
Lender, Insurers, manufacturers, regulators lack standardized methods to gauge the accuracy of predicted energy consumption thus financial savings from energy efficiency upgrades. This presentation captures the nexus of relevant issues in recently published case study and market experience. Author Don Macdonald of Veritatis Advisors, 2015
Electrifying Surface Transport: Evaluating the Theoretical use of Scotland's ...Katelin Hanson
This document summarizes a dissertation on electrifying surface transport in Oahu, Hawaii. It presents three scenarios for electric vehicle adoption rates from 2013 to 2045 and calculates the resulting reductions in fossil fuel emissions and potential increases in grid emissions. The key findings are that a high adoption scenario of 54% electric vehicles by 2045 could reduce emissions by 28 megatons of CO2, but this high rate is necessary to fully transition to electric vehicles and realize savings. However, increased electricity demand from electric vehicles risks negating these savings if the grid remains dependent on fossil fuels. Fully coupling electric vehicles with renewable energy generation, as aimed for in Hawaii's 100% renewable energy goal, is needed to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions from
OECD Environmental Performance Review: Australia 2019 - Launch presentationOECD Environment
This document summarizes information on environmental issues in Australia. It finds that while Australia has made progress in decoupling economic growth from environmental pressures like emissions and resource use, more can still be done. Carbon pricing and taxation are relatively low compared to other countries. Biodiversity loss continues with many species listings increasing. Protected land coverage has expanded but gaps remain. Funding for biodiversity conservation has also been low. Chemical usage is widespread and most existing chemicals remain untested, with risk management varying between states. Overall the document evaluates both achievements and remaining challenges for Australia's environment.
The Energy Modelling Group (EMG) at SEAI supports Irish energy policy development through modelling. EMG's main publication is the annual National Energy Forecast which models scenarios to estimate energy demand, supply and renewable contribution. EMG also uses models like BEAM and PLEXOS to analyze impacts of policies, conduct cost-benefit analyses of programs, and explore long-term roadmaps to 2050 for sectors like residential buildings and bioenergy.
The document summarizes key elements of the proposed American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009, including establishing a cap-and-trade program to reduce US greenhouse gas emissions to 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. It would cover major emissions sources and establish emissions caps and a carbon market to trade allowances. Revenues would fund energy efficiency, clean energy, and international programs while protecting industries and consumers. The bill aims to spur investment in clean energy technologies through a combination of mandates, incentives and market-based mechanisms.
The document summarizes recent federal energy policy developments in the US, including provisions in the stimulus bill and proposed legislation. Key points include $30 billion for energy efficiency in the stimulus, a proposed federal Energy Efficiency Resource Standard, appliance standards, building codes, and incentives for home and business retrofits in proposed bills. Analysis finds the policies could reduce US energy use by 5-12% by 2020-2030.
1) The document discusses a proposal to reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in New York City through a congestion pricing plan.
2) The plan would charge a daily fee for vehicles traveling within a designated zone in Manhattan during peak hours and use the revenue to fund transit improvements.
3) Similar congestion pricing programs in other cities like London have been shown to significantly reduce traffic and travel times while improving air quality.
Development of On-Road Emissions for the 2011 National Emissions InventoryJennifer Sharp
1) The document summarizes the development of on-road mobile emissions estimates for the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI), which relied solely on the EPA's MOVES model for the first time.
2) Key aspects included a state submission process of MOVES County Databases, quality assurance checks on the submitted data, and improvements to default data informed by research projects including new datasets for vehicle age distributions and long-haul truck vehicle miles traveled.
3) Large-scale MOVES modeling runs were performed in a cloud computing environment to generate emission factor lookup tables needed for nationwide estimates in the SMOVES emissions modeling system.
LTC, Jack R. Widmeyer Transportation Research Conference, 11/04/2011, Dohyung...LTC @ CSUSB
This document summarizes the challenges of mapping crash data from Riverside County onto a roadway map. Only 23% of crashes could be automatically geocoded due to incomplete address information. A customized application helped map an additional 44% by accounting for distance and direction from intersections. Manual review mapped another 12%. Multiple candidate matches, differences between state and local road names, and human errors in the crash data contributed to the remaining unmapped crashes. Better data quality procedures and custom mapping software can help reduce errors and improve crash location mapping.
The document provides an overview and summary of key elements of Assembly Bill 649 and Senate Bill 450, which address clean energy and climate change issues in Wisconsin. The summary includes goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase renewable energy and energy efficiency. It also describes programs for energy efficiency, renewable portfolio standards, renewable tariffs, and considerations for new nuclear power plants. Additional sections cover transportation initiatives, energy efficient buildings and equipment, roles for state and local government, bioenergy, industrial efficiency incentives, and coordinating climate change programs.
The document summarizes regulatory updates and initiatives from a presentation given by Triumvirate Environmental. It discusses the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act requirements, regional greenhouse gas initiatives, and proposed regulations from EPA and state environmental agencies regarding air emissions, hazardous waste, wastewater and stormwater permits.
This document provides an overview of Ireland's environmental performance and policies based on an OECD review. It finds that while Ireland has made progress in some areas like renewable energy and carbon pricing, it still faces challenges meeting its climate and environmental targets. Agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Energy still relies heavily on fossil fuels, and transport patterns are dominated by private car use. Air quality issues persist from heating and transport. Water quality has declined and biodiversity is a concern. The document recommends accelerating policies like expanding protected areas, banning smoky fuels, and increasing investment in areas like retrofits, public transport and clean technology research to improve sustainability.
Energy sector contribution to climate actionIEA-ETSAP
This document summarizes the findings of a study on the energy sector's contribution to climate action in Latin America. It finds that while Latin America's emissions are currently small at around 9% of the global total, they have grown 57% in the last 40 years and are rising fast. The study uses an energy modeling tool called TIMES-ALyC to evaluate the potential impacts of countries' Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) on emissions and the energy system in Latin America out to 2050. It finds that the INDCs would reduce emissions more significantly than the earlier NAMA pledges, with emissions falling 24-32%
Update on German city measures to control (diesel) vehicle emissions - Martin...IES / IAQM
This document summarizes an update on measures taken in Berlin, Germany to control diesel emissions and improve air quality. It discusses the legal pressure to reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels, which exceed limits due to road traffic emissions. It outlines Berlin's air quality challenges and sources of NO2. It also summarizes national initiatives in Germany to address non-compliance, including efforts to facilitate diesel retrofits and alternative fuel infrastructure. Local measures that could help reduce NO2 in Berlin are modeled, but challenges in achieving compliance by 2020 through mobility and transport planning measures alone are noted. Immediate restrictions on diesel vehicles with high emissions may be necessary on polluted roads.
Making the case for holistic thinking about urban air quality policies - Audr...IES / IAQM
The document summarizes a presentation about holistic thinking for urban air quality policies. It discusses several studies and models that show benefits from reducing car usage and increasing active transportation like biking and walking. These include avoided deaths from improved air quality, health benefits from increased physical activity, and additional benefits from more greenspace. The presentation argues that behavioral approaches focused on alternatives to driving can provide more co-benefits than technological solutions alone and that considering these wider impacts enables more holistic urban planning strategies.
This presentation gives an overview of the carbon pricing mechanism that has been announced by the Australian government. It talks about Australia’s pollution profile and emissions, the expected changes with a price on carbon, carbon tax versus emissions trading schemes, how the carbon price will work, the biggest polluters in Australia, the changes that will be implemented, the carbon pricing mechanism explained and the impact for companies.
The Carbon Nexus - Boilers, Power Plants, and Strategic Energy ManagementVeritatis Advisors, Inc.
Lender, Insurers, manufacturers, regulators lack standardized methods to gauge the accuracy of predicted energy consumption thus financial savings from energy efficiency upgrades. This presentation captures the nexus of relevant issues in recently published case study and market experience. Author Don Macdonald of Veritatis Advisors, 2015
Electrifying Surface Transport: Evaluating the Theoretical use of Scotland's ...Katelin Hanson
This document summarizes a dissertation on electrifying surface transport in Oahu, Hawaii. It presents three scenarios for electric vehicle adoption rates from 2013 to 2045 and calculates the resulting reductions in fossil fuel emissions and potential increases in grid emissions. The key findings are that a high adoption scenario of 54% electric vehicles by 2045 could reduce emissions by 28 megatons of CO2, but this high rate is necessary to fully transition to electric vehicles and realize savings. However, increased electricity demand from electric vehicles risks negating these savings if the grid remains dependent on fossil fuels. Fully coupling electric vehicles with renewable energy generation, as aimed for in Hawaii's 100% renewable energy goal, is needed to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions from
OECD Environmental Performance Review: Australia 2019 - Launch presentationOECD Environment
This document summarizes information on environmental issues in Australia. It finds that while Australia has made progress in decoupling economic growth from environmental pressures like emissions and resource use, more can still be done. Carbon pricing and taxation are relatively low compared to other countries. Biodiversity loss continues with many species listings increasing. Protected land coverage has expanded but gaps remain. Funding for biodiversity conservation has also been low. Chemical usage is widespread and most existing chemicals remain untested, with risk management varying between states. Overall the document evaluates both achievements and remaining challenges for Australia's environment.
The Energy Modelling Group (EMG) at SEAI supports Irish energy policy development through modelling. EMG's main publication is the annual National Energy Forecast which models scenarios to estimate energy demand, supply and renewable contribution. EMG also uses models like BEAM and PLEXOS to analyze impacts of policies, conduct cost-benefit analyses of programs, and explore long-term roadmaps to 2050 for sectors like residential buildings and bioenergy.
The document summarizes key elements of the proposed American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009, including establishing a cap-and-trade program to reduce US greenhouse gas emissions to 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. It would cover major emissions sources and establish emissions caps and a carbon market to trade allowances. Revenues would fund energy efficiency, clean energy, and international programs while protecting industries and consumers. The bill aims to spur investment in clean energy technologies through a combination of mandates, incentives and market-based mechanisms.
The document summarizes recent federal energy policy developments in the US, including provisions in the stimulus bill and proposed legislation. Key points include $30 billion for energy efficiency in the stimulus, a proposed federal Energy Efficiency Resource Standard, appliance standards, building codes, and incentives for home and business retrofits in proposed bills. Analysis finds the policies could reduce US energy use by 5-12% by 2020-2030.
1) The document discusses a proposal to reduce traffic congestion and improve air quality in New York City through a congestion pricing plan.
2) The plan would charge a daily fee for vehicles traveling within a designated zone in Manhattan during peak hours and use the revenue to fund transit improvements.
3) Similar congestion pricing programs in other cities like London have been shown to significantly reduce traffic and travel times while improving air quality.
Development of On-Road Emissions for the 2011 National Emissions InventoryJennifer Sharp
1) The document summarizes the development of on-road mobile emissions estimates for the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI), which relied solely on the EPA's MOVES model for the first time.
2) Key aspects included a state submission process of MOVES County Databases, quality assurance checks on the submitted data, and improvements to default data informed by research projects including new datasets for vehicle age distributions and long-haul truck vehicle miles traveled.
3) Large-scale MOVES modeling runs were performed in a cloud computing environment to generate emission factor lookup tables needed for nationwide estimates in the SMOVES emissions modeling system.
LTC, Jack R. Widmeyer Transportation Research Conference, 11/04/2011, Dohyung...LTC @ CSUSB
This document summarizes the challenges of mapping crash data from Riverside County onto a roadway map. Only 23% of crashes could be automatically geocoded due to incomplete address information. A customized application helped map an additional 44% by accounting for distance and direction from intersections. Manual review mapped another 12%. Multiple candidate matches, differences between state and local road names, and human errors in the crash data contributed to the remaining unmapped crashes. Better data quality procedures and custom mapping software can help reduce errors and improve crash location mapping.
This summary outlines key points from a Congressional Budget Office presentation on the design of a revenue-neutral carbon tax:
- The presentation discusses various design considerations for a carbon tax, including how it would interact with existing regulations, the initial tax level and rate of increase, potential revenue raised, and economic and distributional impacts.
- Most studies find that a carbon tax would be regressive without considering how revenue is used, but the degree of regressivity varies. The ultimate distributional impact depends on how revenue is spent.
- Potential uses of revenue include reducing deficits, lowering other tax rates, and providing tax credits. Each option involves different tradeoffs between economic impacts, distributional effects, and incentives to reduce emissions
Per capita rates of vehicle miles traveled have fallen, and the recession is not the only reason. A U.S. PIRG report examines the end of the "driving boom."
LTC, Annual Forum, Greener California: Impacts of Senate Bill 375 and Winning...LTC @ CSUSB
This document discusses the role of geographic information systems (GIS) in implementing California's Senate Bill 375 (SB375). SB375 aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles by coordinating land use and transportation planning. GIS can help manage the large amounts of spatial data required, perform necessary analyses and modeling, and visualize results for stakeholders involved in the SB375 implementation process, such as cities, counties, metropolitan planning organizations, and the California Air Resources Board. The document provides examples of how GIS has supported SB375 efforts, including regional visioning projects, transportation and land use modeling, and climate action planning at various geographic scales.
This document summarizes a presentation on regional redevelopment and smart growth given by Geoff Anderson of Smart Growth America. The presentation discusses changes in federal policy under the new administration that are significant for redevelopment, including issues around climate change, transportation, infrastructure, and the economy. It outlines evidence that compact development can reduce vehicle miles traveled and greenhouse gas emissions compared to continued urban sprawl. The presentation advocates for policy changes to shift land development patterns from sprawl to more compact, mixed-use development centered around public transportation. It argues that with ongoing education and outreach, as well as a focused political agenda, opportunities exist to advance these smart growth goals.
How our cities can plan for driverless cars JumpingJaq
The document discusses how cities can plan for driverless cars. It begins with an overview of driverless car technology and definitions. It then discusses potential impacts on society and timelines for adoption. The document proposes two potential future scenarios regarding levels of vehicle and ride sharing. It concludes by recommending actions for state and local governments, such as updating policies and infrastructure to manage impacts, and establishing communications with technology stakeholders.
The document summarizes key findings from the Massachusetts Vehicle Census 2009-2014 conducted by the Metropolitan Area Planning Council. It found that (1) vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per household has declined slightly statewide but increased in some outlying suburbs, (2) the effective fuel efficiency of the state's vehicle fleet has improved by 1.5 miles per gallon even as vehicles age, and (3) the number of hybrid and electric vehicles registered in the state has grown substantially. The census data can help track progress on greenhouse gas reduction goals and inform transportation planning at local levels.
Cindy Burbank's Presentation to the 2009 Highway Users Annual MeetingJames Barnes
Climate change is real and already occurring, according to scientific evidence. Significant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 60-80% below 1990 levels are needed by 2050 to mitigate climate change. For the transportation sector, a fair target would be a 60-80% reduction below current levels. Transportation GHG reductions can come from five areas: vehicle efficiency, low-carbon fuels, reducing vehicle miles traveled (VMT), improving vehicle and system operations, and making construction and maintenance more sustainable. Vehicle and fuel technology improvements can achieve most reductions for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) through 2030, but additional strategies are needed like lowering VMT growth, improving traffic flow, expanding carpooling and transit, and
Toward New Frameworks for Transportation Climate Policyjmdecicco
The document discusses the need for new frameworks for transportation climate policy. It argues that existing approaches focused on technology and fuels alone have not been effective. A more holistic actor-based approach is needed that considers all decision makers including automakers, fuel providers, land use planners, and consumers. The framework should establish a consistent context where all actors make decisions considering carbon impacts. A combination of incentives and constraints is likely needed to motivate emission reductions across the transportation sector.
SEAI - National Energy Research and Policy Conference 2021 - Session 3SustainableEnergyAut
The document summarizes the key findings from the ITF Transport Outlook 2021 report. It discusses how global demand for transport is projected to more than double by 2050 under current policy trajectories. Transport carbon dioxide emissions are also expected to grow by 16% by 2050 compared to 2015 levels. The summary outlines policies that could help reduce transport emissions by 70% compared to 2015, such as aligning COVID-19 recovery packages, shifting priorities to accessibility over mobility, targeting different transport sectors, supporting innovation, and intensifying collaboration. It concludes by listing six top tasks for policymakers to take action on climate change and equity in transport.
A Fuel Efficiency Horizon for U.S. Automobilesjmdecicco
The document analyzes the potential for improving fuel efficiency in the US automobile fleet through 2035 using evolutionary rather than revolutionary technologies. It finds that a 3x increase in efficiency over 2005 levels, reaching 52 MPG for new vehicles by 2025, can be achieved through widespread adoption of technologies like turbocharged direct injection engines, hybrid systems, and aerodynamic and mass improvements. However, increasing vehicle efficiency is only part of the solution; policies also need to address transportation infrastructure and fuel supply to fully manage emissions. Revolutionary technologies show potential but face higher costs than evolutionary efficiency gains from gasoline and diesel vehicles.
Perspectives on Automotive Policy and Fuel Economyjmdecicco
The document summarizes a study that analyzed the potential for increased fuel efficiency in US vehicles through 2035. The study found that a tripling of new vehicle fleet efficiency is feasible and cost-effective by around 2035 without electrification, through optimized use of available fuel-saving technologies. The costs of achieving higher fuel efficiency were estimated and found to be less than the lifetime fuel savings for consumers. While fuel efficiency depends on both technology and vehicle design priorities, establishing it as a top priority could significantly reduce oil dependence and emissions.
Fuel Economy Trends and Tools, Rob de Jong, Head Transport Unit UN Environmen...FIA Foundation
Why Countries Improve Fuel Economy
• Reduce pollutant emissions
• Reduce oil dependence
• Improve balance of payments
• Reduce transport cost consumers and
companies
• Reduce cost public transport
• Reduce greenhouse gases
• Promote domestic economies/jobs
Fuel Economy Trends and Tools, Rob de Jong, Head Transport Unit UN Environment Programme
www.unep.org
Presented at the Global Fuel Economy Initiative ‘Accelerator Symposium’ on September 5th, ahead of the September 2014 UN Climate Summit.
The Symposium hosted by the French Government at the Ministry of Ecology Sustainable Development and Energy on 5th September, provided a forum for countries, experts, NGOs and the private sector to advance the agenda on fuel economy globally and prepare for the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon’s Climate Summit.
Government representatives from a wide range of countries working on fuel economy policies participated in the Symposium. Countries presenting at the Symposium included China, Georgia Kenya and Mauritius. There were more than 70 delegates attending the symposium from around the world with countries represented including Chile, Costa Rica, Hungary, Ivory Coast, Kosovo, Peru, Sri Lanka, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, the UAE, Uganda and Vietnam. Organisations included Transport & Environment, the FIA, ExxonMobil, Michelin, Renault, CEDARE, the OECD and the World Bank.
Read more: http://www.globalfueleconomy.org/updates/2014/Pages/GFEIAcceleratorbuildsmomentumforUNClimateSummit.aspx
SIMON, Karl, Director Transportation and Climate Division, Office of Transpor...CALSTART
The document discusses lessons learned from the US EPA's experience in establishing vehicle emissions and fuel efficiency standards. It outlines a three-point strategy used in the US to reduce emissions from vehicles through clean vehicles standards, clean fuels, and clean transportation alternatives. The document also provides an overview of US greenhouse gas vehicle standards and fuel economy standards for light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles.
This document discusses measures taken by the US, EU, and Japan to reduce air pollution from urban transport. It outlines the main sources of pollution from vehicle exhaust and evaporation. The effects of various pollutants on health are described. Data shows road transport is a major contributor to emissions in these regions. Policies have focused on vehicle emission standards, fuel quality regulations, and incentives for cleaner vehicles and alternative fuels. Continued development of new technologies and infrastructure expansion will be needed to further reduce health impacts from transport pollution.
Semed arab eepr workshop policy development session introRCREEE
This document provides an agenda and background information for an energy efficiency policy development working session in the SEMED/Arab region. It summarizes current energy use trends, including growing demand for transport and worsening energy intensity. Barriers to energy efficiency are discussed, such as subsidies and lack of awareness. A range of policy options are presented to address barriers, including standards, labeling, financing programs, and institutional frameworks. Participants will discuss opportunities and policies for industry, buildings, transport and cross-sectoral areas in breakout groups. The document provides sector-specific insights and lists of efficiency measures to guide discussions.
USPTO - GHG challenges, opportunities - Steven Sherman, HATCISteven Sherman
This document provides an overview of light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emission regulations in the United States. It discusses the importance of the policy for energy and climate goals, and how the regulations are structured, including flexibilities to incentivize innovation. It also reviews vehicle fuel consumption, key technologies to improve efficiency, and automakers' compliance through 2014. Finally, it outlines the technologies needed to meet future standards and the required rate of improvement for the auto industry.
This document discusses sustainable transportation and provides indicators to measure sustainability impacts. It summarizes a European Transport White Paper that assessed four policy options for sustainable transportation across economic, social and environmental impacts. While the White Paper improved transparency, the modeling and indicators used still had limitations and did not fully consider social or implementation factors. A high-speed rail project was also discussed, noting questions around what the project's goals are in relation to sustainable transportation strategies.
Environmentally Friendly Cars: Promoting and increasing their use in the UK ZY8
This document discusses promoting and increasing the use of environmentally friendly cars in the UK. It notes that transportation emissions are a major contributor to greenhouse gases and climate change. While policies have aimed to reduce car emissions, targets have not been met due to insufficient public awareness and higher costs of alternative technologies. The document aims to identify reasons for the lack of environmentally friendly cars and recommend strategies to promote their use, like increasing knowledge and providing incentives. Adoption of these electric and low-emission vehicles could significantly reduce greenhouse gases from transportation.
By Lee Schipper, Project Scientist, Global Metropolitan Studies, University of California, Berkeley, and Senior Research Engineer, Precourt Energy Efficiency Center, Stanford University. Presented at the World Resources Institute. January 22, 2010.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Yusuf Arsiwala of RootBridge C O L L A B on restoring water-related eco-systems in Delhi. It discusses issues with Delhi's existing water bodies like pollution, waste disposal, and sediment buildup. It then presents a model for restoring Rajokari Lake in the village of Rajokari by cleaning the water, removing sludge, restoring the catchment area, and creating ecologically designed landscapes. The proposal includes using SWAB technology for wastewater treatment, natural bio-swales and rain gardens for landscaping, and standardizing restoration processes. The restoration of Rajokari Lake improved the local ecology and groundwater, created a community space
This document discusses using diatom algae and nano silica-based nutrients to remediate polluted water sources through phycoremediation. It notes that diatom algae require less light than other phytoplankton due to their silica cell walls. A product called Nualgi delivers 10 essential micronutrients including silica adsorbed onto nano silica to support diatom algae growth. Case studies demonstrate successful water remediation of polluted lakes and sewage through Nualgi application, with diatom algae and zooplankton reducing organic matter and achieving water quality targets.
This document summarizes an eco-technology presentation by Mr. Yeshwant Kulkarni of Green Water Revolution Pvt. Ltd. It discusses current issues with water pollution in urban areas of India. It then introduces various eco-technological solutions developed by Green Water Revolution to treat both point sources of pollution from places like cities as well as non-point sources like rivers and lakes. These include vertical soil scape filters to treat wastewater and horizontal green bridge systems installed in polluted rivers and streams to reduce pollution loads. It highlights several successful projects implementing these eco-technological solutions in India to restore polluted rivers and streams.
The document is from Biosfera Foundation, an organization that provides environmental management solutions using bioengineering techniques. It summarizes various projects Biosfera has undertaken to restore contaminated water bodies and canals in India through integrated approaches involving plants, microbes, and solar powered technology. Examples mentioned include restoring lakes in Lucknow and Kolkata as well as canals in Kolkata and Manila.
The document discusses water management practices in Rainbow Drive, a residential area in Bangalore. It summarizes how the community manages its water supply through centralized borewells and storage tanks. It also discusses the community's waste water treatment through two STPs and potential reuse of treated water. Over time, the community implemented various reforms like metering, tariff revisions, banning private borewells, and incentivizing rainwater harvesting to reduce water usage.
This document discusses strategies for Hyderabad, India to transform into a global city through sustainable water management. It outlines three key points:
1. Hyderabad has potential to become a global city by balancing urban growth with green/blue environments, but sustainable water resource management is needed.
2. Concepts like circular economy and "sponge cities" that capture excess runoff can help minimize water risks, carbon footprint, and capture resources like methane from waste.
3. Suggestions for action include leveraging technology for digital water management, incentivizing innovations through public-private partnerships and financing, and building stakeholder engagement for quality of life goals.
The Hyderabad Golf Association faced a shortage of 2 million liters per day (MLD) of quality irrigation water. Additionally, the government mandated improving the quality of surface ponds near the golf course that were polluted with untreated sewage. The Natural Biological System was implemented as a case study to address both issues. It treats 3 MLD of sewage on-site without energy and produces tertiary quality water for irrigation, rejuvenating the ponds. Water quality tests showed significant reductions in parameters like COD, BOD, and fecal coliform after treatment. The system provides a green, aesthetic and cost-effective solution to water and wastewater challenges.
This document discusses five theories of urban water restoration: 1) Consider the full watershed, 2) Ensure water quality by managing the catchment area, 3) Find beneficial uses for all water, 4) Take a holistic planning approach that generates economic and social benefits, and 5) Aim for vibrant, living water bodies rather than sterile infrastructure. Case studies from India are presented for each theory. The document advocates comprehensive planning and stakeholder engagement to successfully restore urban blue spaces.
This document provides context and proposes solutions for developing sustainable townships and campuses in the future. It discusses challenges around unsustainable urban development in India, including issues with transportation, water, energy, and sanitation infrastructure. Potential opportunities and solutions are presented at different scales from the household to neighborhood level. Short, medium, and long-term actions are suggested to accelerate clean energy adoption, sustainable water management, and improved mobility. The document aims to start a discussion around developing integrated roadmaps and policies to guide more sustainable development.
The document discusses water supply challenges facing Bengaluru, India. It notes that while basic water supply is available, the city faces key stresses including depletion of surface water sources, loss of tree cover impacting water availability, multiple drought years reducing reservoir levels, severe groundwater depletion, and reduction in open spaces and water bodies. Without action, the growing population will outpace existing water supply plans, risking a "Day Zero" water crisis.
This document summarizes a report on the pedestrianization project of the Historic Peninsula in Istanbul. It provides details on the project scope, implementation process, and economic impacts. The project pedestrianized over 295 streets between 2010-2013. It describes the costs and stakeholders involved for different sub-regions. Initially, local businesses worried that pedestrianization would negatively impact their revenues, but surveys later found that 49% of pedestrianized areas experienced increased retail turnover. The project improved the built environment and quality of life in the historic area.
The Green Corridor TOD project in Cali, Colombia aims to redevelop the abandoned railway line into a light rail transit system and densify the surrounding areas. The project would create 22 km of bike and pedestrian paths, improve intermodality, and generate new public spaces. Studies have assessed the feasibility of different transit technologies, developed a business model framework, and identified opportunities for land value capture. Funding from the NAMA Facility was secured to pilot priority interventions along the corridor in line with transit-oriented development and greenhouse gas mitigation principles. A recent study identified property tax, special assessments, and urban planning tools as potential land value capture instruments for the project under Colombian law.
This document discusses land value capture in Brazil, including air rights sales, CEPACs in São Paulo, and case studies of OUC Água Espraiada and Belo Horizonte. It notes that air rights can be sold based on basic floor area ratio (FAR) or additional FAR allowed. CEPACs in São Paulo were used to determine where and how to invest proceeds. The case studies achieved significant funds for infrastructure from LVC: OUC Água Espraiada generated $800 million and Belo Horizonte generated $115 million from LVC. The document concludes with lessons around clearly defining the purpose of LVC instruments and linking LVC goals to broader urban sustainability goals.
The document discusses Sistemas de Actuación por Cooperación (SAC) in Mexico City. SACs are planning tools that seek to coordinate public, private, and social sectors to implement strategic urban projects that benefit communities. SACs guide development to be sustainable, prosperous, participatory, and equitable. They promote investment and efficient land use to improve infrastructure, transport access, and territorial equity. The document outlines the process for establishing a SAC and how they operate through technical committees and agreements between stakeholders. It lists several SACs already established in Mexico City and their objectives to regenerate urban areas, generate social and economic equity, and improve quality of life through coordinated projects.
CDP works with partners and cities to collect environmental data in order to drive decision making and transition to a low-carbon economy. CDP manages cities' data and makes it available to various partners through data sharing and reporting platforms. This allows partners to work with and support cities using the shared data. CDP also provides tools like city analytics and reports to help cities improve data quality, reduce reporting burdens, and monitor their progress on climate goals.
The document discusses the Global Covenant of Mayors approach to climate action planning for cities. It provides information on the following key points in 3 sentences or less:
- The Global Covenant of Mayors has over 7,500 member cities from 120 countries representing over 680 million people committed to climate action.
- Cities that join the Global Covenant commit to completing an emissions inventory, setting an emissions reduction target, and creating a climate action plan to meet that target.
- The document provides guidance on conducting emissions inventories, setting targets, developing mitigation and adaptation plans, and examples of policies and projects cities have implemented through the Global Covenant of Mayors.
The document summarizes the goals and results of the GHG Platform India initiative. It aims to track India's GHG emissions, inform policymaking, and identify mitigation opportunities. Phase I estimated national emissions from 2007-2012. Phase II estimated national emissions from 2005-2013 and state-level emissions from 2005-2013. It found that India's emissions grew at 5.74% annually, with the energy sector as the largest contributor. Emissions intensity declined by around 12-14% from 2005-2013.
Shwetal Shah presented on key points of the Paris Agreement and India's Nationally Determined Contributions. The Paris Agreement aims to limit global temperature rise well below 2°C through country commitments to reduce emissions and transition to renewable energy. India's NDCs include reducing emissions intensity by 33-35% from 2005 levels by 2030, achieving 40% electricity from non-fossil fuel sources, and creating a carbon sink of 2.5-3 billion tons through additional forestry and tree cover. The Climate Change Department of Gujarat coordinates policy and encourages green technology to build a sustainable, climate-resilient future for the state.
The document discusses barriers to adopting electric bus fleets globally and innovations that can help overcome these barriers. It notes that while electric buses have higher upfront costs, they are already cost competitive over the lifetime when maintenance is considered. Many cities around the world have started implementing electric buses through different models involving new stakeholders, procurement changes, technological advances, and public sector support. Overall the document argues that barriers exist but innovations are emerging that can help accelerate the transition to electric buses globally.
The document discusses key barriers to electric vehicle deployment in India and programs that Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) is undertaking to address these barriers. The major barriers include high upfront costs of electric vehicles compared to diesel, pricing risks due to evolving battery technologies, lack of long term financing for batteries, lack of credit for smaller electric vehicles, need for charging infrastructure development, and lack of institutional capacity. CPI's programs seek to address these through initiatives like battery service agreements, long term debt facilities for batteries, financing for auto rickshaws, pay-as-you-save models, and project preparation facilities to connect cities and investors.
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2. Moving Cooler Study Findings GHG Mitigation Potential in the Transport Sector Transforming Transportation 2010 January 15, 2010 presented by Joanne R. Potter Cambridge Systematics, Inc. Transportation leadership you can trust.
3. Transportation’s Contribution to U.S. GHGs Source: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). “Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2007,” April 2009, http://epa.gov/climagechange/emissions/usinventory.html. U.S. GHG Emissions by End Use Economic Sector 2006 U.S. GHG Emissions Breakdown by Mode Electricity Generation 33% Transportation 28% Residential 5% Commercial 6% Agriculture 8% Industry 20% Light-Duty Vehicles 59.3% Heavy-Duty Vehicles 19.6% Other 2.0% Rail 2.7% Marine 4.9% Aircraft 11.5%
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10. Moving Cooler Baseline to 2050 Note: This figure displays National On-Road GHG emissions as estimated in the Moving Cooler baseline, compared with GHG emission estimates based on President Obama’s May 19, 2009, national fuel efficiency standard proposal of 35.5 mpg in 2016. Both emission forecasts assume an annual VMT growth rate of 1.4 percent. The American Clean Energy and Security Act (H.R. 2454) identifies GHG reduction targets in 2012, 2020, 2030, and 2050. The 2020 and 2050 targets applied to the on-road mobile transportation sector are shown here. National On-Road GHG Emissions (mmt) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Study Baseline American Clean Energy and Security Act 2020 Target (83% of 2005 emissions) American Clean Energy and Security Act 2050 Target (17% of 2005 emissions) Obama Administration Proposal
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12. Strategy Parameters: 7 Area Types Density /Level of Transit Large urban Hi Low Medium urban Hi Low Small urban Hi Low Non-urban
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16. Strategy Bundles Illustrative Analysis Low Cost Near-Term/ Early Results Long-Term/ Maximum Results Land Use/ Nonmotorized/ Public Transportation System and Driver Efficiency Facility Pricing
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18. Range of Annual GHG Reductions of Six Strategy Bundles (Aggressive and Maximum Deployment) 1990 & 2005 GHG Emissions – Combination of DOE AEO data and EPA GHG Inventory data Study – Annual 1.4% VMT growth combined with 1.9% growth in fuel economy Aggressive Deployment Levels – Range of GHG emissions from bundles deployed at aggressive level Maximum Deployment Levels – Range of GHG emissions from bundles deployed at maximum level Total Surface Transportation Sector GHG Emissions (mmt) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2005 1990 Note: This figure displays the GHG emission range across the six bundles for the aggressive and maximum deployment scenarios. The percent reductions are on an annual basis from the Study Baseline. The 1990 and 2005 baseline are included for reference. 4% 24% 1% 3% 11% 17% 18% Study Baseline Aggressive Development Levels Maximum Development Levels
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20. Economy-Wide Pricing Total Surface Transportation Sector GHG Emissions (mmt) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1990 & 2005 GHG Emissions – Combination of DOE AEO data and EPA GHG Inventory data Study Baseline – Annual 1.4% VMT growth combined with 1.9% growth in fuel economy Aggressive – GHG emissions from bundle deployed at aggressive level without economy wide pricing measures 2005 1990 Study Baseline Aggressive Economy-Wide Pricing 18% 35% 12% 30% 7% 19%
21. Direct Vehicle Costs and Costs of Implementing Strategy Bundles Note: This figure displays estimated annual implementation costs (capital, maintenance, operations, and administrative) and annual vehicle cost savings [reduction in the costs of owning and operating a vehicle from reduced vehicle-miles traveled (VMT) and delay. Vehicle cost savings DO NOT include other costs and benefits that could be experienced as a consequence of implementing each bundle, such as changes in travel time, safety, user fees, environmental quality, and public health. 2008 Dollars (in Billions) $0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 $160 $180 $200 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Vehicle Cost Savings Implementation Costs 2050
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Editor's Notes
Note the difference between cumulative results and annual results, short and long term benefits Both annual and cumulative reductions are important
Bullet 2 – ok Bullet 3 - Define what economic growth means – ie is this GDP or economic benefit/ROI? – present this bullet as strategies have positive return on investment Bullet 4 Bullet 5 – national, state and regional challenges vary – study reinforces need to include sustainability in local/regional/state planning efforts - Ignoring overlaps, there is a lot of flexibility in the measures considered to develop targeted bundles to address specific needs/goals