How to determine Initial and Final Setting Time of Cement?Civil Insider
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During Construction using concrete, cement paste, mortar certain time is required for mixing, transportation, placing, compacting and finishing. During this time concrete, mortar, cement paste should be in plastic condition and should not harden and it is mandatory that one should use the concrete before it starts to loose its plasticity. So How should someone know how long is concrete workable? and How much travel time is permitted for concrete?
Well its Setting time that tells us how long concrete is going to be workable. Now the question is What is Setting Time of Cement?
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If Cement satisfies all the field tests then it indicates that Cement is not bad for Construction but it also doesn’t show that Cement is really good for Mass work. For using Cement in big and massive works it is dependent on the part of the user to test the cement in the laboratory to confirm the requirements of the Indian Standard specifications respect to its physical and chemical properties.
All the Tests on Cement mentioned here have their own importance. These Cement Tests examines all properties and overall performance of Cement.
Timelapse
00:00 7 Must-Have Tests on Cement
00:20 Introduction
00:30 Purposes of Testing of Cement
00:40 Tests conducted for Cement
00:50 Fineness Test on cement
01:00 Standard Consistency Test
01:10 Setting time test
01:20 Compressive Strength Test
01:30 Soundness test
01:40 Heat of Hydration test
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Compressive strength of cement is determined by compressive strength test on mortar cubes compacted by means of a standard vibration machine. Standard sand (IS:650) is used for the preparation of cement mortar. The specimen is in the form of cubes 70.6mm*70.6mm*70.6mm.
What is the Soundness of Cement?
What is mean by soundness of cement? This is what soundness definition in civil engineering says “The ability of cement to resist the expansion and retain its original volume is called Soundness of Cement.” This indicates that a perfectly sound cement will undergo minimum volume change.
What is the soundness test?
The soundness test measures the change in volume due to expansion. This expansion should not exceed 10 mm for OPC, rapid hardening cement and low heat Portland cements. If the expansion goes more than 10 mm on testing, the cement is said to be unsound.
The soundness test can be conducted by Le-chatelier method and Autoclave Method. Le-chatelier test detects unsoundness due to free lime only.
#soundnesstestsoncement #cement #civilinsider
How to determine Initial and Final Setting Time of Cement?Civil Insider
Get PPT here
https://civilinsider.com/initial-and-final-setting-time-of-cement/
During Construction using concrete, cement paste, mortar certain time is required for mixing, transportation, placing, compacting and finishing. During this time concrete, mortar, cement paste should be in plastic condition and should not harden and it is mandatory that one should use the concrete before it starts to loose its plasticity. So How should someone know how long is concrete workable? and How much travel time is permitted for concrete?
Well its Setting time that tells us how long concrete is going to be workable. Now the question is What is Setting Time of Cement?
Get PPT here
https://civilinsider.com/tests-on-cement/
If Cement satisfies all the field tests then it indicates that Cement is not bad for Construction but it also doesn’t show that Cement is really good for Mass work. For using Cement in big and massive works it is dependent on the part of the user to test the cement in the laboratory to confirm the requirements of the Indian Standard specifications respect to its physical and chemical properties.
All the Tests on Cement mentioned here have their own importance. These Cement Tests examines all properties and overall performance of Cement.
Timelapse
00:00 7 Must-Have Tests on Cement
00:20 Introduction
00:30 Purposes of Testing of Cement
00:40 Tests conducted for Cement
00:50 Fineness Test on cement
01:00 Standard Consistency Test
01:10 Setting time test
01:20 Compressive Strength Test
01:30 Soundness test
01:40 Heat of Hydration test
#civilinsider #Subscription_व_Live_Classes_Schedule_in_Description #gate
Compressive strength of cement is determined by compressive strength test on mortar cubes compacted by means of a standard vibration machine. Standard sand (IS:650) is used for the preparation of cement mortar. The specimen is in the form of cubes 70.6mm*70.6mm*70.6mm.
What is the Soundness of Cement?
What is mean by soundness of cement? This is what soundness definition in civil engineering says “The ability of cement to resist the expansion and retain its original volume is called Soundness of Cement.” This indicates that a perfectly sound cement will undergo minimum volume change.
What is the soundness test?
The soundness test measures the change in volume due to expansion. This expansion should not exceed 10 mm for OPC, rapid hardening cement and low heat Portland cements. If the expansion goes more than 10 mm on testing, the cement is said to be unsound.
The soundness test can be conducted by Le-chatelier method and Autoclave Method. Le-chatelier test detects unsoundness due to free lime only.
#soundnesstestsoncement #cement #civilinsider
Fineness is tells about the particle distribution of cement. Fineness of is cement expressed in terms of total surface area of unit weight of of cement.
Tests
1) Sieve analysis ------->I.S.sieve NO.9 is used to test----->permissible limit for OPC is not more than 10% retained on I.S.SIEVE NO.9
2) Air permeability tests----->most commonly used in India is "BLAINE AIR PERMEABILITY TEST"
How to determine Standard consistency of cement?Civil Insider
Get PPT here
https://civilinsider.com/standard-consistency-test-on-cement/
What is Consistency of Cement?
Consistency of Cement is amount of water required to initiate the chemical reaction between cement and water to make the uniform cement paste.
Define Standard Consistency of Cement?
Standard Consistency of Cement is defined as Consistency which will permit Vicat plunger with 10mm diameter and 50mm length to penetrate to a depth of 33-35mm from top of the mould.
Standard Consistency of Cement can also be defined as Consistency of cement which will permit Vicat plunger to penetrate to the point 5-7mm from the bottom of the mould.
Also Standard Consistency means the amount of water required to make Cement Paste Plastic.
This test method is used to determine the time of setting of the cement by VICAT
needle apparatus.
The knowledge of the setting time of the cement is always helpful in deciding the time duration
to mix, transport, place and compact the concrete effectively.
We always prefer a larger initial setting time so that we can mix, transport and place the
concrete easily. According to ASTM specifications, the initial setting time shall not be less
than 45 min but in the field we prefer an initial setting time not less than 90 min.
A smaller value of the final setting time is always preferred in order to avoid large expenditures
on the formwork. According to most of the specifications, the final setting time shall not be
greater than 10hrs and shall not be less than (90 + 1.2 x (initial setting time)) min.
CNC EVA FILM
Super-Clear Exterior and Interior Use Architectural Safey Glass
• (1) Vacuum before heating: 5mins for 1 silicone bed oven,
and 10 mins for 5 silicone bed oven
• (2) If you are laminating glass with special thickness, the
formula is :7mm+3mm=5mm+5mm
• (3)The above data is based on flat glass, if you laminating
tempered glass, please prolong the time for 10mins
How to determine compressive strength of cement?Civil Insider
Get PPT here
https://civilinsider.com/compressive-strength-test-on-cement/
The compressive strength of hardened cement is the most important of all the properties. Therefore, it is not surprising that the cement is always tested for its strength at the laboratory before the cement is used in important works.
Why the compressive strength test of Cement is important? Compressive Strength Test on Cement mortar is calculated to find out whether the Cement conforms IS specifications or not and whether it can develop required strength or not when used in Concrete.
Any kind of strength testings are not done directly on Cement itself because of properties like shrinkage and cracking. So Compressive strength test on Cement either done in the form of mortar or concrete. In this article, we will take a look at the compressive strength test of cement mortar using standard sand conforming to IS 650-1991.
SIGMA TEST & RESEARCH CENTRE has experience in testing wide range of construction materials,including Cement,Concrete, Aggregates, Admixture, Flyash, Masonary, Tiles, Wood, Steel, Aluminium, Bircks, Query stones,WMM, GSB and many more.
In the laboratory, the testing of cement is done to check the quality of cement for properties, fineness, soundness, consistency, setting time, strength etc.
The basic aim is to find out the water content required to produce a cement paste of standard consistency as specified by the IS: 4031 (Part 4) – 1988. The principle is that standard consistency of cement is that consistency at which the Vicat plunger penetrates to a point 5-7mm from the bottom of Vicat mould.
Fineness is tells about the particle distribution of cement. Fineness of is cement expressed in terms of total surface area of unit weight of of cement.
Tests
1) Sieve analysis ------->I.S.sieve NO.9 is used to test----->permissible limit for OPC is not more than 10% retained on I.S.SIEVE NO.9
2) Air permeability tests----->most commonly used in India is "BLAINE AIR PERMEABILITY TEST"
How to determine Standard consistency of cement?Civil Insider
Get PPT here
https://civilinsider.com/standard-consistency-test-on-cement/
What is Consistency of Cement?
Consistency of Cement is amount of water required to initiate the chemical reaction between cement and water to make the uniform cement paste.
Define Standard Consistency of Cement?
Standard Consistency of Cement is defined as Consistency which will permit Vicat plunger with 10mm diameter and 50mm length to penetrate to a depth of 33-35mm from top of the mould.
Standard Consistency of Cement can also be defined as Consistency of cement which will permit Vicat plunger to penetrate to the point 5-7mm from the bottom of the mould.
Also Standard Consistency means the amount of water required to make Cement Paste Plastic.
This test method is used to determine the time of setting of the cement by VICAT
needle apparatus.
The knowledge of the setting time of the cement is always helpful in deciding the time duration
to mix, transport, place and compact the concrete effectively.
We always prefer a larger initial setting time so that we can mix, transport and place the
concrete easily. According to ASTM specifications, the initial setting time shall not be less
than 45 min but in the field we prefer an initial setting time not less than 90 min.
A smaller value of the final setting time is always preferred in order to avoid large expenditures
on the formwork. According to most of the specifications, the final setting time shall not be
greater than 10hrs and shall not be less than (90 + 1.2 x (initial setting time)) min.
CNC EVA FILM
Super-Clear Exterior and Interior Use Architectural Safey Glass
• (1) Vacuum before heating: 5mins for 1 silicone bed oven,
and 10 mins for 5 silicone bed oven
• (2) If you are laminating glass with special thickness, the
formula is :7mm+3mm=5mm+5mm
• (3)The above data is based on flat glass, if you laminating
tempered glass, please prolong the time for 10mins
How to determine compressive strength of cement?Civil Insider
Get PPT here
https://civilinsider.com/compressive-strength-test-on-cement/
The compressive strength of hardened cement is the most important of all the properties. Therefore, it is not surprising that the cement is always tested for its strength at the laboratory before the cement is used in important works.
Why the compressive strength test of Cement is important? Compressive Strength Test on Cement mortar is calculated to find out whether the Cement conforms IS specifications or not and whether it can develop required strength or not when used in Concrete.
Any kind of strength testings are not done directly on Cement itself because of properties like shrinkage and cracking. So Compressive strength test on Cement either done in the form of mortar or concrete. In this article, we will take a look at the compressive strength test of cement mortar using standard sand conforming to IS 650-1991.
SIGMA TEST & RESEARCH CENTRE has experience in testing wide range of construction materials,including Cement,Concrete, Aggregates, Admixture, Flyash, Masonary, Tiles, Wood, Steel, Aluminium, Bircks, Query stones,WMM, GSB and many more.
In the laboratory, the testing of cement is done to check the quality of cement for properties, fineness, soundness, consistency, setting time, strength etc.
The basic aim is to find out the water content required to produce a cement paste of standard consistency as specified by the IS: 4031 (Part 4) – 1988. The principle is that standard consistency of cement is that consistency at which the Vicat plunger penetrates to a point 5-7mm from the bottom of Vicat mould.
Popular as Building material.
Material with adhesive and cohesive properties.
To bind the fine and corse aggregate together.
Common variety of cement is known as the Portland cement.
India is the fifth largest producer of cement in the world.
Rajasthan is the second largest producer of cement in india after Andra Pradesh.
6. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Plaster sand – grain size composition
2 - 4 mm
1 - 2 mm
0,5 - 1 mm
0,25 - 0,5 mm
0,125 - 0,25 mm
< 0,125 mm (“dust”) dust is a must in the mixture in order to
receive pumpable material
5 -
10%
5 -
10%
15 -
20%
12 -
18%
10 -
15%
30 -
40%
7. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Washed sand
dust particles are missing => mortar is not pumpable!
Washed sand, e.g. river sand
2 - 4 mm
1 - 2 mm
0,5 - 1 mm
0,25 - 0,5 mm
0,125 - 0,25 mm
8. PMM / Jochen Knecht 01.07.2009
Example for dune sand (single grain sand)
0,5 mm
single grain size
Material with this sand quality is not pumpable without optional:
- stone powder - lime
- fly ash - other chemical admixtures
How to test pumpability?
1. Fill material together with water
into a bucket and mix properly
1. Wait for 10 min. 1. If water separates from material
=> mixture is NOT pumpable!
10 min.
9. PMM / J. Knecht 29.02.2009
Grain size composition of 4mm plaster sand
The ideal gradiation for mortar machines is between standard curves B4 and C4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 0,125 0,150 0,25 0,30 0,50 0,60 1 1,18 2 2,36 4 4,75
Particle Size [mm]
PercentagePassing[%]
B4 C4
the content of fines (filler, clay, dirt) is very important for the
pumpability - the more the better !
The content of the fine particles (fillers, clay, dust) is very important for the
pumpability! But, if it is too much, cracks may occure due to the higher shrinkage.
