Mosquito repellents are substances that discourage insects and arthropods from landing or climbing on surfaces they are applied to. Common active ingredients in repellents include DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus, IR3535, and permethrin. Repellents are available in formulations like sprays, lotions, and creams, and provide varying levels of protection for different periods of time depending on the active ingredient and concentration. Safety considerations include using the lowest effective concentration and avoiding contact with children's eyes and skin.

1. Mosquito
q
Repellents

2. Mosquito Repellent
q p
Any Substance applied to
‐ Skin,
Ski
‐ Clothing
‐ Other surfaces
which discourages insects (& arthropods)
from landing or climbing on that surface
is called Insect Repellents.
Insect repellents help Prevent & Control the outbreak
of i
f insect‐borne di
tb diseases such as malaria. P t animals
h l i Pest i l
commonly serving as vectors for disease include the
insects flea, fly, and mosquito; and the arachnid tick.

3. Repellent Formulations

4. Repellent Formulations

5. Repellent Formulations

6. Repellent Formulations

7. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
DEET: (N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide or N,N‐diethly‐3‐
methyl‐benzamide)
methyl benzamide)
Picaridin: (KBR 3023), 2‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐
piperidinecarboxylic acid 1‐methylpropyl ester )
Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus* or PMD (para‐Menthane‐3,8‐
yp (p ,
diol) the synthesized version of oil of lemon eucalyptus
IR3535 (Chemical Name: 3 [N Butyl N acetyl]
(Chemical Name: 3‐[N‐Butyl‐N‐acetyl]‐
aminopropionic acid, ethyl ester)
Permethrin:
Oil of Citronella:

8. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Available Formulations
DEET: is available in multiple formulations, including
solutions, lotions, creams, gels,
solutions lotions creams gels aerosol and pump
sprays, and impregnated towelettes
Picaridin:
Pi idi Sprays, P
S Pump, L ti
Lotion, C
Creams, Li id
Liquids
PMD: Spray and a Lotion
IR3535: Lotions, Creams, Gels, Sprays.
Permethrin Sprays (Only for Cloths)
Oil of Citronella: Sprays, Lotions,Creams,Arosoles

9. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Available / Allowable Concentrations
DEET: from 5‐40% and 100%.
Picardine:
Picardine: 5 20%
5‐20%
PMD: 30‐40 %
IR3535: 7.5‐15%, and 20%
Permethrin:
Permethrin: 4 to 70 %
4 to 70 %
Oil of Citronella: 0.1% to 10%

10. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Protection Time
DEET: Depending on Concentration, 5‐12 Hours
Picaridin: 2 8 hours,
2‐8 hours
PMD: 2‐3 hours
IR3535: 2.7‐4 hours
Permethrin T apply t clothing, spray each side of
P th i To l to l thi h id f
the fabric (outdoors) for 30‐45 seconds. The clothing
should then be allowed to dry for 2‐4 hours before
being worn. Its potency for at least 2 weeks
Oil of Citronella: 30‐60 minutes.

11. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Peadiatric Use
DEET: The American Academy of Pediatrics currently
recommends that children older than 2 months can
safely use DEET up to 30% concentration.
Picaridin:
Pi idi Can be
C b used S f l
d Safely
PMD: Can be used safely
IR3535: Can be used safely
Permethrin: Should not be used
Oil of Citronella: Should not use under 3 years children

12. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Toxicity
DEET: Neutotoxicity ‐ if used at higher concentration
Picaridin: The li i d d
i idi h limited data available on this product
il bl hi d
suggests that it has low potential for toxicity.
PMD: The synthesized version of oil of lemon eucalyptus
shows no adverse effects except for eye irritation
IR3535: not harmful when ingested, inhaled, or used on
skin. Eye irritation could occur if the chemical enters a
persons eyes.

13. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Toxicity
Permethrin: Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans” by
the oral route Very high doses will have tangible
route.
neurotoxic effects on mammals and birds, including
human beings.“
Oil of Citronella Oil of Citronella has been used
extensively since 1948 without any reports of adverse
effects of concern.

14. Selected ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Some Other Important Points
DEET ‐ Contact with plastics (eg watch crystals
(eg, crystals,
eyeglass frames), rayon, spandex, and painted or
varnished surfaces should be avoided because
DEET can damage these surfaces.
Picaridin: The repellent is cosmetically pleasant
p y p
and does not harm plastics or fabric.

15. Synthetic ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Synthetic repellents tend to be more effective /
longer. Lasting than "natural" repellents. Essential oil
repellents can be short‐lived in their effectiveness,
since essential oils can evaporate completely.
In comparative studies, IR3535 was as effective or
p ,
better than DEET in protection against mosquitoes.
A test of various insect repellents by an independent
consumer organization found that repellents
containing DEET or picaridin are more effective than
repellents with "
ll h "natural“ active ingredients.
l“ d

16. Safety ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Children may be at greater risk for adverse
reactions to repellents, in part, because their
exposure may be greater.
Keep repellents out of the reach of children.
‐ Do not allow children to apply repellents to
themselves.
‐ Use only small amounts of repellent on
children.
‐ Do not apply repellents to the hands of
you g c d e
young children because this may result in
s ay esu
accidental eye contact or ingestion.

17. Safety ‐ Mosquito Repellent
Children may be at greater risk for adverse
reactions to repellents, in part, because their
exposure may be greater.
‐ Try to reduce the use of repellents by dressing
children in long sleeves and long pants tucked
into boots or socks whenever possible. Use
netting over strollers, playpens, etc.
tti t ll l t
‐ As with chemical exposures in general,
pregnant women should take care to avoid
exposures to repellents when practical, as the
fetus may be vulnerable
vulnerable.

18. Other Mosquito Repellent (Natural)
There are many preparations from naturally occurring
sources that are repellent to certain insects. Some of
these act as insecticides while others are only repellent.
‐ Lemon Eucalyptus (Corymbia Citriodora)
essential oil and its active ingredient p‐
g p
menthane‐3,8‐ diol (PMD)
‐ Neem Oil (Azadirachta Indica) (Repels or
kills mosquitoes, their larvae and a plethora of
other insects including those in agriculture)

19. Other Mosquito Repellent (Natural)
There are many preparations from naturally occurring
y p p y g
sources that are repellent to certain insects. Some of
these act as insecticides while others are only repellent.
Achillea alpina Eucalyptus oil
Alpha Terpinene (70%+ eucalyptol)
Carvacrol
Fennel oil
Castor il
C t oil (Foeniculum vulgare)
(F i l l )
(Ricinus communis)
Lemongrass oil
Catnip oil (Cymbopogon species)
Cedar il
C d oil
Citronella oil Rosemary
Cloves Oil (Rosmarinus officinalis)
Celery extract
y Tea tree oil
(Apium graveolens) Thyme (Thymus species)

20. Market Need for Mosquito Repellent
We understand that Pharmaceutical / Consumer productp
companies, may offer formulations (Cream – Gel &
Lotions) to protect common persons. We may offer
‐ Bulk Material to formulation in Pakistan
‐ Ready to fill solutions to pack in Pakistan
‐ Product in Ready to Sell Packaging
For pricing & other details, please provide;
‐ Your Market Review
‐ Your Marketing & Business Plan
Please Contact:-
M. Hassan Ansari Asiya Riaz Siddiqui
Manager Marketing Doctor of Pharmacy
ansari@velpha.com asiya@repharm.com.pk

21. Need More Details
Details,
Please Talk to us
M. Hassan Ansarii Asiya Riaz Siddiqui
i i iddi i
Manager Marketing Doctor of Pharmacy
ansari@velpha.com asiya@repharm.com.pk
Velpha Ch
l h Chemicals
i l Repharm S
h Services
i
A – 119, Block – 5, Main Sardar Ali Sabri Road,
Gulshane Iqbal - 5, Karachi - 75300, Pakistan