The document discusses the skeletal system, emphasizing calcium regulation in the body and the roles of various hormones. It also addresses bone-related diseases such as gout and osteoporosis, along with different types of joints and joint disorders like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, it highlights spine disorders, including kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis.

1. More things about the Skeletal System Oh no…its starting again… Disclaimer: There are pictures in this presentation you will not be able to find, others you will (maybe). Make note of the information and move on.

2. Calcium regulation Over 99% of the bodies Calcium (Ca+2) resides in the Bones of the Human body  Hormone gets Released from the Parathyroid Stimulate OSTEOCLASTS  Head for the nearest bone Bone Breaks down  Calcium is Released Calcium levels RISE!!! Calcium levels are low

3. Calcium regulation Calcium levels are High Vitamin D is stimulated in the skin (modified in the liver and kidneys)  Calcium is Absorbed by the Small Intestine Calcitonin is Released by the Parathyroid Gland  Calcium is Absorbed by the Osteoblasts and Bone begins to build Calcium levels FALL!!!

4. Bones gone haywire Gout Disease in which Uric Acid Crystals build up in the blood and deposit themselves at the joints.

5. Bones gone haywire Gout So what does that REALLY look like? Kinda like this

6. Bones gone haywire Osteoporosis A Bone THINNING disease that effects HALF of women over 65 Bones in the Spine and Neck of the Femur are greatly effected

7. Bones gone haywire Osteoporosis What it looks like

8. Bones gone haywire Osteoporosis What it looks like over TIME Would you believe this is a Man ? ~Yes MEN can have it too~

9. Joints Plane joint Found in: Carpals and Clavicle and Scapula

10. Joints Hinge joint Found in: Elbows and Knees

11. Joints Hinge joint Gone Wrong… Excuse me…does this look Straight to you?

12. Joints Pivot joint Found in: Distal Arms Neck

13. Joints Condyloid joint Found in: The Metacarpals The Metatarsals

14. Joints Saddle joint Found in: The Thumb

15. Joints Ball and Socket joint Where else would you find another Ball and Socket Joint in your Body?

16. Joint Disorders (OA) Osteoarthritis = Breakdown of articulating cartilage Over years of use: Fraying Softening Eventual Breakdown

17. Joint Disorders (RA) Rheumatoid Arthritis = inflammatory disorder of the joints *Usually in a symmetrical manner* This an Autoimmune disorder

18. Spine Disorders Kyphosis: Abnormal curvature of the Upper Spine also known as “Hunchback”

19. Spine Disorders Lordosis: An abnormal forward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.

20. Spine Disorders Scoliosis: a side-to-side curvature of the spine. What it really looks like