This document summarizes various blood abnormalities and diseases including anemia, thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, and hemophilia. It discusses how anemia can be caused by a decrease in red blood cells due to hemorrhaging, lysis, or diseases like leukemia, or due to not enough hemoglobin from lack of iron or conditions like thalassemia. Thalassemia is an inherited disorder that causes the body to make fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin. Sickle cell anemia causes red blood cells to become sickle-shaped. Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder where individuals have little or no clotting factor, with the two main types being Hemophilia A

1. Chapter 11 Blood Abnormalities and Diseases

2. Disclaimer: Included in this presentation are pictures and or images you will not find in your book, make note of the information and move on. Working smarter is not working harder.

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4. Anemia: The Many Shades of Red Decrease in RBC’s Not Enough Hemoglobin Abnormal RBC’s or Hemoglobin Fatigue Well get to that last one…

5. Decrease in RBC’s Caused: Hemorrhaging Lysis of RBC’s (Could be Bacterial, Mis-Matched Transfusion or if your really unlucky Hemorrhagic Filovirus: Ebola) Leukemia: Bone Marrow Destruction Seriously man?!?! It’s only 2 dollars!!!

6. Not Enough Hemoglobin Lack of Iron In Diet

7. Not Enough Hemoglobin Thalassemia: passed on from parents to children through genes. Cause the body to make fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin than normal. Alpha Thalassemia occur most commonly in persons from: Southeast Asia, the Middle East, China, and in those of African descent. Beta Thalassemia occur in persons: Of Mediterranean origin, and to a lesser extent, Chinese, other Asians, and African Americans. 2 Types I have Both…so does most of my family

8. Not Enough Hemoglobin: Typical Numbers Red blood cell count: 4.2 to 5.9 million cells/cmm. Mine: 3.5 Hemoglobin (Hbg): 13 to 18 grams per deciliter for men and 12 to 16 for women. Mine: 15.5 (I take Iron and Folic Acid daily) Best 1000/1000 time: 12:18 Before I knew…Hahahahaha (have fun beating that…I was 30)

9. Abnormal RBC’s or Hemoglobin Sickle Celled Anemia: “ Sickle-shaped” means that the red blood cells are shaped like a "C."

10. Hemophilia: Non-Stop bleeders Hemophiliacs: have little or no clotting factor. These proteins work with platelets to help the blood clot. Hemophilia A: Missing or have low levels of clotting factor VIII (8). About 9 out of 10 people who have hemophilia have type A . Hemophilia B: Missing or have low levels of clotting factor IX (9). 2 Types Typically people will tell you they are Hemophiliacs so ask for their clotting factor.

11. Lets practice some Sutures shall we? It has been a pleasure being your TA this Quarter Best of Luck to you all!