The document describes the different phases of the moon as it orbits Earth. It explains that a new moon occurs when the moon is between the sun and Earth so we cannot see it. As the illuminated portion grows it is called a waxing crescent moon, then a quarter moon when half is lit, followed by a waxing gibbous moon until it is fully lit as a full moon. Then the cycle repeats in reverse as it wanes from gibbous to quarter to crescent until a new moon.