Momentum ccp
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This document defines momentum and explains how to calculate it based on an object's mass and velocity. It provides examples of comparing the momentum of different objects and discusses the relationship between force, time, and changes in momentum. The document also explains the concepts of impulse, conservation of momentum, elastic collisions, and inelastic collisions.
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Momentum and impulse
Momentum is the quantity of motion of an object and is defined as the product of the object's mass and velocity. Impulse is defined as the change in an object's momentum due to an applied force over time, and can be calculated as the product of the applied force and the time during which it acts. Changing an object's momentum requires applying a force over a period of time, as described by the impulse-momentum theorem, which states that impulse equals change in momentum. Examples are provided to illustrate how impulse and changes in momentum apply to situations like hitting different objects or using seat belts versus air bags in a collision.
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1. Two-dimensional motion involves calculating the horizontal and vertical components of motion independently. Gravity only affects the vertical component.
2. To solve two-dimensional motion problems, the initial velocity is broken into horizontal and vertical components, then the time of flight is calculated using the vertical displacement. This time is used to find the horizontal displacement.
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Here are the steps to solve this problem:
a) Given: a = 0.21 m/s2, x = 280 m, vi = 0 m/s
Use: vf = vi + at
Substitute: vf = 0 + (0.21 m/s2)t
Solve for vf: vf = 0.21t
b) Given: a = 0.21 m/s2, x = 280 m
Use: x = vit + (1/2)at2
Substitute: 280 = 0 + (1/2)(0.21 m/s2)t2
Solve for t: t = โ(280/0.105) = 60 s
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1. Two-dimensional motion involves calculating the horizontal and vertical components of motion independently. Gravity only affects the vertical component.
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Here are the steps to solve this problem:
a) Given: a = 0.21 m/s2, x = 280 m, vi = 0 m/s
Use: vf = vi + at
Substitute: vf = 0 + (0.21 m/s2)t
Solve for vf: vf = 0.21t
b) Given: a = 0.21 m/s2, x = 280 m
Use: x = vit + (1/2)at2
Substitute: 280 = 0 + (1/2)(0.21 m/s2)t2
Solve for t: t = โ(280/0.105) = 60 s
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This document provides an overview of the key concepts and lessons covered in a physics module on forces and motion. Over 12 lessons, students will learn about forces in different directions, how objects start and stop moving, friction, reaction forces, speed, modeling motion, force interactions, momentum, changes in momentum, car safety, laws of motion, work and energy, and kinetic and gravitational potential energy. Example questions and activities are provided to help students understand concepts like momentum, changes in momentum due to forces, and how safety features in cars like seatbelts reduce impact forces during collisions.
Lecture 8
1) Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force back on the first.
2) Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and velocity. It represents the difficulty of stopping or changing the motion of an object. Objects with greater mass or velocity have greater momentum.
3) The change in an object's momentum is called impulse. Impulse depends on both the magnitude of the force applied and the duration of its application. A longer application of force results in a greater change in momentum.
Momentum tmid
Momentum is a measure of how difficult it is to stop a moving object. It is defined by the equation momentum (p) equals mass (m) times velocity (v). In a closed system where no external forces act, the total momentum before an event like a collision will equal the total momentum after the event, according to the principle of conservation of momentum.
Momentum & Collisions
This document provides an overview of momentum and collisions in physics. It defines momentum as the product of an object's mass and velocity, and explains how momentum can be changed through the application of an impulse, which is the product of force and time. The document also discusses conservation of momentum, stating that the total momentum of a system is always conserved during collisions or interactions. Several examples of collision calculations are worked through, including explosions, "hit and stick" collisions, and "hit and rebound" collisions.
Impulse & Momentum
The document discusses two brainteaser physics problems and provides explanations of the concepts of momentum and impulse. For the first problem about a head-on collision between a semi-truck and convertible, it explains that both vehicles will experience the same impact force due to Newton's third law, but the smaller mass of the convertible means it will decelerate more and cause greater damage. For the second problem about colliding with a wall or another car, it states that the damage will be the same in both cases if the car stops in the same amount of time due to conservation of momentum. It then introduces the concepts of impulse as the change in momentum, and how impulse depends on both force and time of application.
Chapter 8
The document discusses momentum and its conservation during collisions. It defines key terms like momentum, impulse, and the law of conservation of momentum. Momentum is conserved during collisions as long as no external forces interfere. The momentum before a collision equals the total momentum after the collision.
11 momentum
1. Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and velocity. It is a conserved quantity such that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant.
2. During collisions, conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of colliding objects before the collision equals the total momentum after. If no external forces are applied, momentum is conserved.
3. Collisions can be elastic, where both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, or inelastic where kinetic energy is not conserved but momentum still is. The analysis of collisions uses conservation laws to solve for unknown velocities.
Physics chapter 9: Momentum and Its Conservation
This document summarizes key concepts about momentum and its conservation from a physics chapter. It defines momentum (p=mv) and impulse (FDt), and explains that momentum is a quantity representing an object's motion while force is what can hurt you. It discusses Newton's 3rd law in the context of momentum, how momentum is conserved in systems unless external forces act, and provides examples of conservation of momentum in collisions both one-dimensional and multi-dimensional. Key equations covered include impulse-momentum (FDt=ฮp), conservation of momentum (p1+p2=p1'+p2'), and examples are worked through.
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Momentum ccp
- 1. MomentumMomentum September 25, 2013September 25, 2013
- 2. ObjectivesObjectives 1.1. Define MomentumDefine Momentum 2.2. Calculate momentum based onCalculate momentum based on variablevariable 3.3. Explain conservation of momentumExplain conservation of momentum
- 3. MomentumMomentum ๏ฎ Inertia in MotionInertia in Motion ๏ฎ Momentum = mass x velocityMomentum = mass x velocity ๏ฎ p = mvp = mv ๏ฎ Can you think of a case where a carCan you think of a case where a car and a truck with twice the carโs massand a truck with twice the carโs mass would have the same momentum?would have the same momentum?
- 4. Problem ๏ฎ Which would have more momentum? โ A bowling ball with a mass of 7kg and velocity of 1m/s โ Or a baseball with a mass of 0.15 and a velocity of 46.7 m/s
- 5. ImpulseImpulse ๏ฎ A change in momentumA change in momentum ๏ฎ Force produces accelerationForce produces acceleration โ Therefore, changing momentumTherefore, changing momentum ๏ฎ Time that force is applied changesTime that force is applied changes momentummomentum ๏ฎ tF= ptF= p
- 6. Increasing MomentumIncreasing Momentum ๏ฎ Apply the greatest force possible andApply the greatest force possible and extend the time as much as possibleextend the time as much as possible ๏ฎ Pushing a carPushing a car ๏ฎ Long-range cannonsLong-range cannons
- 7. Decreasing MomentumDecreasing Momentum ๏ฎ Long time, Less ForceLong time, Less Force ๏ฎ Falling on a mat vs.Falling on a mat vs. falling on concretefalling on concrete ๏ฎ Short time, More ForceShort time, More Force ๏ฎ Boxer moving into aBoxer moving into a punchpunch
- 8. ConservationConservation momentum before = momentum aftermomentum before = momentum after collision collisioncollision collision (Mass x velocity)(Mass x velocity)BB = (mass x velocity)= (mass x velocity)AA
- 9. Elastic collisionElastic collision ๏ฎ When objects collide without beingWhen objects collide without being permanently deformed and withoutpermanently deformed and without generating heatgenerating heat ๏ฎ Marble collisionsMarble collisions
- 10. Inelastic collisionsInelastic collisions ๏ฎ When colliding objects becomeWhen colliding objects become tangled and distortedtangled and distorted