Parts of Computer and its Functions

1. MODULE-1
PARTS OF COMPUTERS AND ITS
FUNCTIONS
PRESENTED BY
DR. RAJASHEKHAR SHIRVALKAR

2. Father of Computer
Charles babbage
Charles Babbage, a British Mathematics
professor, is regarded as the Father of
Computers. He was born in England in 1792 as
the son of a rich banker from Devon. He invented
the first mechanical Computer during the period
1830 to 1850. This computer called as
Babbage’s Analytical Engine performed basic
function. This is
used in modern computer
design, so he is known as
Father of computer.

3. The word computer is been derived from the
word compute which means to calculate.
Computer is a calculating device which perform
Arthemetic operations at enormous speed.
In simple words we can say, computer is a
calculating device that reduces 80% of work.

4. DEFINITATION
 A computer is a electronic device that
can accept, store and process
information to produce the required
result.
 A computer is an electronic machine
which can do calculations very fast.

5. FUNCTIONS OF COMPUTER
Storage
Data
process
ing

6. DATA PROCESSING
Performing
calculations.
Performing
logic/comparing
data.
Graphic Action.
Production of
data.
Communication.

7. PERSONAL COMPUTER
MONITOR
MOUSE
KEYBOARD
CPU

8. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER
ORGANIZATION.
INPUT OUTPUT
MEMORY
ALU
CU
CPU

9. INPUT
Input devices are used to input data
and instruction into the computer.
These devices are used as mediator
for communication between user
and computer.
EX: Keyboard, Mouse etc.

10. Keyboard
Mouse
Input
devices

11. KEYBOARD
OTHER INPUT DEVICES

12. CPU: CONTROL PROCESS UNIT.
 CPU is the most important part of the system
and also known as BRAIN of computer.

13. FUNCTIONS OF CPU
To accept data and instruction.
To store data and instruction.
To control the sequence of operation.
To carry out process.

14. CPU
MEMORY
CUALU

15. MEMORY
Memory is used to store the
information consisting of programs and data. It
is made up of number of LSI chips, each
memory chip can store thousands of bits of
information.

16. .
Types of
memory
2.Secondary
memory
1.Primary
memory

17. Primary
memory
• Primary memory is
also called as main
memory or semi
conductor memory. It
is small in size and
store the input data
instructions inside
the system unit.
• Ex: ROM and RAM.

18. Secondary
memory
• The secondary
memory is out side
of the system it is
also called as the
external memory. It
store more
information.
• Ex: Floppy Disk,
Hard Disk and CD
Roms.

19.  CD Rom
 Floppy Disk
 Hard Disk

20. ALU: Arithmetic logic unit.
An ALU is the part of CPU. It performs all the
Arithmetic operations like +, -, *, / and logical
operations like <,>,=,%,#, when two numbers are to
be subjected to any Arithmetic or Logic operation,
they are send to ALU from the memory and after
the operations are over, the result are put back to
the memory.

21. The main purpose of ALU
 It performs mathematical functions.
It performs logical comparisons.
It performs output variable functions
also as logical functions.
It does branching on prefixed
conditions.

22. CU: CONTROL UNIT.
CU is the most important part of CPU. It
acts as a central system, as it control and
supervises all the activities of input and
output devices.

23. The main purpose of CU
It maintains order and controls activity in
CPU.
It does not process a stored data.
It directs sequence of operations.
It interprets instructions and gives
commands.
It communicates with input/output devices
for transfer data/results from storage.

24. OUTPUT
The device use to obtain information from
CPU and gives the resultant product as
output.
Ex: LCD or VDU, Printer Projector etc.

25. WORKING OF COMPUTER.
INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT

26.  It is also called as I-P-O cycle.
 This example would help in understanding I-P-O
cycle.
• Milk
• Sugar
• Coffee
powder
INPUT
• Boiling
PROCESS
• Coffee
OUTPUT