This document discusses toothbrushes and interdental cleaning aids. It covers the history of manual and powered toothbrushes, highlighting recent advances like the Colgate 360 degree brush and Philips Sonicare toothbrush. It also discusses interdental cleaning tools like floss, floss picks, and interdental brushes. Proper brushing technique and the factors in selecting the right interdental cleaning aid are outlined.

1. Toothbrushes and interdental
cleaning aids
Resource facultyDr. Shiva Lal Sharma
Additional Professor and HOD
Department of Periodontology and
Implantology
PresenterNiraj Regmi (413)
BDS 2009

2. CONTENTS
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3. introduction
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4. 

5. Toothbrushes
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11. 1.
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5.

12. 
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5.
Shank
Tufts

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16. Recent advances in manual
toothbrush
Colgate 360
Oral B

17. 
Colgate 360° is an advanced design manual
toothbrush which includes the following
bristle features: cleaning tips on the heel and
toe of the brush for cleaning in hard to reach
areas; polishing cups to hold toothpaste
against the teeth; and vertical tapered bristles
for interdental cleaning.
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Oral-B Exceed toothbrush has a cris-cross
configuration of the bristles angled in
opposite directions to enhance penetration
and cleaning between teeth relative to
toothbrushes with the vertical bristle
configuration.

18. 
Various products are made from these
two basic design of modern toothbrushes
.some examples are:Colgate 360° Optic
White Toothbrushes, UP TOOTHBRSH
4CT CLN SOFT BRUSH, Reach REACH
Adult Advance Design 2CT SOFT - 2 Ct.,
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Oral-B Pro-Health For Me CrossAction
Toothbrush, COLGATE TOTAL
ADVANCE FLS TB FHS 1CT, Colgate
360 Sensitive Pro-Relief Toothbrush,etc.

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5.

21. Recent advances in powered toothbrush
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Power toothbrush technologies can be grouped into four general
categories:
rotating,
counter rotational,
side-to-side, and
oscillating-rotating (Table 1).
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With a rotating power toothbrush, the entire brushhead turns in a full
circle, moving in one direction.
In contrast, a counter-rotational brush has tufts that rotate in different
directions.
With oscillating-rotating technology,the brushhead oscillates from the
center point but does not rotate in a full circle.
Recently a pulsating,or in-out movement, has been added to some
oscillating-rotating power toothbrushes.
Sonic and oscillating-rotating technologies (with or without
pulsation) are the most commonly used in power toothbrushes today.
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22. Recent advances in
Sonic Powered toothbrush
These types of toothbrushes produce high
frequency vibrations (1.6MHz)which leads
to the phenomenon of cavitation and
acoustic
microstreaming.
This
phenomenon aids in stain removal as well
as disruption of the bacterial cell wall
(bactericidal).
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In recent times Philips company is the
leading contender in advances in sonic
toothbrushes.

23. Philips Sonicare is based on patented sonic
technology.
Sonicare achieves its bristle velocity--the
movement of the brush head in your mouth-through a combination of high frequency and
high amplitude bristle motions. These motions
create dynamic cleaning action that drives
fluids deep into the tight spaces between your
teeth and along the gum line, which results in a
cleaner, healthier mouth.
It comprises of contoured brush head to fit the
natural shape of your teeth, creating a larger
brushing surface on the brush head.
Bristles are placed at precise angles to
maximize coverage. Finally, it uses extremely
soft bristles that are rounded at the top by a
diamond grinding wheel, to create a safe and
gentle brush head that effectively delivers a

24. These are the products that Philips have in the market :

DiamondClean (1)
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FlexCare+ (1)
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FlexCare (2)
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HealthyWhite (2)
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Sonicare for kids (1)
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EasyClean (1)
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Essence (2)

25. Features of Philips DiamondClean Sonic Brushes
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Removes up to 7X more plaque than a manual
toothbrush
Improves gum health in only two weeks
Whiten(s) teeth more than 2x better than a manual
toothbrush
Sensitive Mode: Gentle teeth and gum cleaning
Helps whiten teeth
Provides a superior clean
Dynamic cleaning action drives fluid between teeth
Dual Charging System: Charging glass and travel case.
Guides you to follow dental recommendations
Quadpacer interval timer encourages thorough brushing
Two-minute timer helps ensure recommended brushing
time

27. Recent advances in Powered Toothbrush
using Oscillating and Rotatory Technology
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Regarding oscillating and rotatory technology
Oral B is the forerunner in developing
advanced toothbrushes. There are two main
product line by Oral B i.e.,
Professional and
Deep sweep.
Features of Professional:
 deep-cleaning, oscillating bristles cup each
tooth to get in hard-to-reach areas
 Pressure sensor alerts you when you're
brushing too hard
 Bristle tips have been rounded to be gentle
while reducing plaque and helping to prevent

28. Features of Deep Sweep”
 the efficacy of Oral-B Power brushing combined
with the familiarity of a manual brush in look and
technique
 Unique bristles attack plaque and are gentle on
teeth and gums
 Triple cleaning action bristles clean hard-toreach-areas
New brush head designs and filament technology
have also been introduced, such as coextruded
bifilaments that replaced crimped filaments to
reduce axial stiffness and increase approximal
penetration.
In 2005, the Oral-B Triumph was developed
combining the oscillating-rotating plus pulsation
technology with Smart technology in the handle.

29. New brush head designs and filament
technology have also been
introduced, such as coextruded
bifilaments that replaced crimped
filaments to reduce axial stiffness and
increase approximal penetration.
 In 2005, the Oral-B Triumph was
developed combining the oscillatingrotating plus pulsation technology with
Smart technology in the handle.
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30. Features of Oral B Triumph
This onboard computer provides feedback to the
patient regarding brushing time, brushing mode,
battery charge status, & brush head
replacement. Two unique brush head designs
were introduced with this model.
 One has flexible MicroPulse™ bristles to
enhance removal of plaque biofilm while the
other has a polishing cup to facilitate stain
removal.
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31. 
Recently, further enhancements to the
Triumph were revealed. A chip was
added to the handle giving it the ability
to send information wirelessly to a
remote display, allowing patients to
easily and continuously view brushing
feedback.

32. • Timers - Research shows patients
typically spend about forty-six
seconds brushingtheirteeth, less
than half the time recommended
by dental professionals.17 To help
patients meet the desired time,
some models have a two-minute
timer. In addition, many power
toothbrushes are equipped with
a professional timer that elicits
a sound or vibration every
thirty seconds. This signals the
patient to move to the next
quadrant to ensure more
thorough plaque removal across
the entire dentition.
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33. Pressure Indicator - In addition to
providing feedback on brushing
time, some power toothbrushes
have pressure indicators. This
feature provides reassurance
patients will follow good brushing
technique by alerting them if too
much pressure is applied.
Research shows patients actually
use less pressure with a power
brush than a manual brush.18
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34. Brushing Modes - Some power
toothbrushes allow patients to
customize their brushing mode.
Examples of modes on various
toothbrushes include
clean, soft, massage, or polish. Patients
can personalize their brushing
experience based on their oral health
needs and personal preferences.

35. Electric toothbrushes are both
rechargeable and non rechargeable.
Advances in power management has
also been introduced in modern
toothbrushes
Beside the basic technology, advances
in brush head is a key factor. Different
type of brush heads for Oral B
products areas follows.

38. The new Oral-B Triumph with SmartGuide, an
oscillating-rotating pulsating brush, is equipped
with the features listed above, but it also offers
a unique remote display technology (Figure 1.)
The display can be placed on the counter, or
anywhere within 10-15 feet of the patient, so
the two-minute timer, brushing mode, and
quadrant timer can be easily viewed during
brushing. In addition, it also has a visual
pressure signal that lights up if too much
pressure should be applied, at which time
pulsations are interrupted. This is the first
power toothbrush that allows patients to
visually
follow
feedback
mechanisms
continuously during brushing.

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40. TOOTHBRUSHING
TECHNIQUES

41. INTERDENTAL CLEANING
AIDS
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42. FACTORS DETERMINING THE SELECTION OF
INTERDENTAL AIDS ARE THE TYPE OF
EMBRASURES
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43. Dental floss

44. 1.
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47. Using floss holder

48. Interdental cleaning devices
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49. Interdental brushes
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51. Single-tufted brushes
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52. Wooden toothpicks
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