The tooth brush
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The document summarizes the history and invention of the toothbrush. It discusses how early humans used twigs and horse hairs were early forms of toothbrushes before the modern toothbrush was invented. The first mass-produced toothbrush was invented in 1780 by William Addis in England. The document also describes the basic features of a toothbrush and provides an image of an electric toothbrush which works similarly but uses a motor to spin the bristles.
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Toothbrush
The document discusses toothbrushes, including their history, components, types, proper use, and care. Toothbrushes have existed for nearly 5,000 years, starting as chew sticks, and now come in manual and powered varieties. Key parts are the bristle head and handle, which come in different shapes, patterns, and designs. Toothbrushes should be chosen based on size and replaced every 3-4 months to effectively clean teeth and gums.
Flossing
Dental floss comes in various types such as nylon or silk, some coated with fluoride, and flavored or unflavored. Flossing involves using a piece of floss about 18 inches long by winding it around fingers and rubbing it between teeth and under the gumline to remove plaque and food particles. Proper technique is to apply gentle pressure and change to a clean section of floss regularly. Flossing improves oral hygiene by cleaning interdental spaces and beneath the gumline, preventing cavities, gingivitis, and bad breath.
Anodontia
Anodontia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the congenital absence of primary or permanent teeth. It can range from partial anodontia with missing of 1-6 teeth, to oligodontia with more than 6 teeth missing, to complete anodontia where all teeth are absent. The exact causes are unknown but it is suspected to be genetic. Symptoms include missing teeth, a sunken facial appearance, difficulty chewing and speaking, and malocclusion. Treatment options include dental implants or dentures to replace missing teeth and restore normal appearance and function. While there is no prevention, early dental visits can provide treatment.
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This document discusses toothbrushes and interdental cleaning aids. It covers the history of manual and powered toothbrushes, highlighting recent advances like the Colgate 360 degree brush and Philips Sonicare toothbrush. It also discusses interdental cleaning tools like floss, floss picks, and interdental brushes. Proper brushing technique and the factors in selecting the right interdental cleaning aid are outlined.
Preventive And Interceptive Orthodontics
The document discusses preventive and interceptive orthodontics. It describes various procedures used in preventive orthodontics like parent education, caries control, space maintenance, and management of oral habits. Interceptive orthodontics aims to prevent potential malocclusions from progressing and includes serial extraction, correction of developing crossbites, control of habits, space regaining, and intercepting skeletal malrelations. Common space maintainers and habit breakers used are also outlined.
Habit breaking appliances
This document discusses various oral habits and their management through appliances. It defines oral habits and notes that thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are common in young children. For thumb sucking, reminders and appliances can be used if the habit persists past age 4. described appliances for thumb sucking include the quad helix, bluegrass, palatal crib and hayrake. Tongue thrusting can be managed through speech therapy, mechanotherapy using beads or palatal cribs, and swallowing exercises. Lip habits and bruxism are also discussed along with their clinical features and treatment options like occlusal adjustments or bite guards.
Centre of rotation
The centre of rotation is the point around which an object rotates during tooth movement. Its position varies depending on the type of tooth movement. There are four main types of tooth movement: uncontrolled tipping, controlled tipping, translation, and root movement - each with a different location of the centre of rotation, either near the centre of resistance, apex of the root, at infinity, or incisal edge respectively.
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Toothbrush
The document discusses toothbrushes, including their history, components, types, proper use, and care. Toothbrushes have existed for nearly 5,000 years, starting as chew sticks, and now come in manual and powered varieties. Key parts are the bristle head and handle, which come in different shapes, patterns, and designs. Toothbrushes should be chosen based on size and replaced every 3-4 months to effectively clean teeth and gums.
Flossing
Dental floss comes in various types such as nylon or silk, some coated with fluoride, and flavored or unflavored. Flossing involves using a piece of floss about 18 inches long by winding it around fingers and rubbing it between teeth and under the gumline to remove plaque and food particles. Proper technique is to apply gentle pressure and change to a clean section of floss regularly. Flossing improves oral hygiene by cleaning interdental spaces and beneath the gumline, preventing cavities, gingivitis, and bad breath.
Anodontia
Anodontia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the congenital absence of primary or permanent teeth. It can range from partial anodontia with missing of 1-6 teeth, to oligodontia with more than 6 teeth missing, to complete anodontia where all teeth are absent. The exact causes are unknown but it is suspected to be genetic. Symptoms include missing teeth, a sunken facial appearance, difficulty chewing and speaking, and malocclusion. Treatment options include dental implants or dentures to replace missing teeth and restore normal appearance and function. While there is no prevention, early dental visits can provide treatment.
Modern toothbrushes and interdental aids
This document discusses toothbrushes and interdental cleaning aids. It covers the history of manual and powered toothbrushes, highlighting recent advances like the Colgate 360 degree brush and Philips Sonicare toothbrush. It also discusses interdental cleaning tools like floss, floss picks, and interdental brushes. Proper brushing technique and the factors in selecting the right interdental cleaning aid are outlined.
Preventive And Interceptive Orthodontics
The document discusses preventive and interceptive orthodontics. It describes various procedures used in preventive orthodontics like parent education, caries control, space maintenance, and management of oral habits. Interceptive orthodontics aims to prevent potential malocclusions from progressing and includes serial extraction, correction of developing crossbites, control of habits, space regaining, and intercepting skeletal malrelations. Common space maintainers and habit breakers used are also outlined.
Habit breaking appliances
This document discusses various oral habits and their management through appliances. It defines oral habits and notes that thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are common in young children. For thumb sucking, reminders and appliances can be used if the habit persists past age 4. described appliances for thumb sucking include the quad helix, bluegrass, palatal crib and hayrake. Tongue thrusting can be managed through speech therapy, mechanotherapy using beads or palatal cribs, and swallowing exercises. Lip habits and bruxism are also discussed along with their clinical features and treatment options like occlusal adjustments or bite guards.
Centre of rotation
The centre of rotation is the point around which an object rotates during tooth movement. Its position varies depending on the type of tooth movement. There are four main types of tooth movement: uncontrolled tipping, controlled tipping, translation, and root movement - each with a different location of the centre of rotation, either near the centre of resistance, apex of the root, at infinity, or incisal edge respectively.
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This document discusses the lip bumper, quad helix, and tongue crib appliances. It provides details on the design, indications, and mechanisms of these appliances. The quad helix appliance is described as having anterior and posterior helical loops to provide a wide range of continuous, controlled force during maxillary expansion. Its fan-like sweeping action can buccally expand and distally rotate the maxillary molars. Indications for the quad helix include correcting crossbites through upper arch expansion and mild class II malocclusions requiring upper arch widening and molar rotation. Complications and clinical management are also briefly covered.
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Orthodontic Treatment Modalities
Orthodontic treatment modalities include preventive, interceptive, and corrective orthodontics as well as orthognathic surgery. Preventive orthodontics aims to preserve normal occlusion and includes procedures such as space maintainers. Interceptive orthodontics provides early treatment of developing malocclusions through methods like serial extraction. Corrective orthodontics utilizes fixed or removable appliances to fully treat malocclusions and can include orthognathic surgery to correct severe jaw discrepancies.
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Brushing and flossing both are equally important for your teeth. For clean and germ-free teeth, floss and brush your teeth regularly.
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anchorage
This document discusses anchorage, which refers to resistance to unwanted tooth movement. It is classified based on the manner of force application, jaws involved, site of anchorage, and number of anchorage units. Factors like tooth morphology, position, and mutual support affect anchorage. Sources include individual/multiple teeth, basal bone, and musculature. Anchorage planning depends on the number/type of teeth to be moved and treatment factors. Different anchorage techniques are described like intra/inter-maxillary, simple, stationary, and reciprocal anchorage. Anchorage loss and demand vary based on the case. Recent advancements have improved anchorage control.
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Dental fluorosis.
Dental fluorosis is a condition caused by excessive fluoride intake during tooth development, characterized by hypomineralization of enamel. It is commonly seen in areas where drinking water contains over 1 ppm fluoride. The Dean's Fluorosis Index classifies fluorosis severity on a scale of 0 to 4 based on appearance, from questionable white flecks to severe pitting and brown staining of all tooth surfaces. States in India with highest prevalence include Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh.
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This document discusses interdental cleaning aids and their use. It begins by explaining the need for interdental cleaning due to biofilm formation between teeth. It then covers factors in selecting cleaning aids, common types of aids like floss, interdental brushes and wooden sticks, and how to use floss properly. The document also notes disadvantages of floss like being time-consuming and requiring skill.
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The document provides information on various oral hygiene tools and techniques, including toothbrushes, interdental cleaning methods, and tongue cleaning. It discusses the history of toothbrushes and various brush designs. It describes nine different toothbrushing methods and their indications. It also covers interdental aids like dental floss and different types of floss. The document aims to educate on proper techniques for maintaining good oral hygiene.
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The document summarizes the biology of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. It discusses how application of force leads to bone remodeling through pressure and tension on the periodontal ligament. Optimal force causes bone resorption on the pressure side and deposition on the tension side through cellular processes. Tooth movement occurs in initial, lag, and post-lag phases as the hyalinized tissue is removed and bone remodeling allows for further movement.
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The document provides a detailed history of the toothpick, including:
1) Toothpicks have been used since prehistoric times, as evidenced by Neanderthal and early human skulls showing signs of toothpick use. Ancient rulers also used decorative toothpicks.
2) For centuries, the upper classes used elaborate toothpicks made of precious materials. Etiquette around toothpick use developed, with books advising against using them during meals.
3) The modern disposable toothpick industry originated in the US and Maine in particular became a center for mass toothpick production, with one factory still producing over 20 million per day.
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This document discusses various taboos related to dentistry across different cultures. It identifies supernatural causes like beliefs in gods/goddesses, past sins, and evil eye influencing health as well as physical causes like weather, impure blood, and fear/nervousness. Customs, superstitions, and beliefs surrounding practices like using alum or tobacco for oral health, views on diarrhea and extractions, and treating lower caste doctors are taboo in some cultures. The document examines how these taboos and misbeliefs can negatively impact oral health and presents examples from various communities in India.
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Dental instruments can be classified as either cutting or non-cutting. Cutting instruments such as excavators and chisels are used for tooth preparation and refinement. They are made from materials like carbon steel and stainless steel, and undergo heat treatments for hardness. Cutting instruments have specific designs including beveled edges, shank angles, and formulas to indicate dimensions. They are applied using techniques like excavation and enamel cutting. Non-cutting instruments include mirrors and amalgam condensers. Proper sharpening and grasps are needed for effective use of cutting instruments.
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This document discusses anchorage, which refers to resistance to unwanted tooth movement. It is classified based on the manner of force application, jaws involved, site of anchorage, and number of anchorage units. Factors like tooth morphology, position, and mutual support affect anchorage. Sources include individual/multiple teeth, basal bone, and musculature. Anchorage planning depends on the number/type of teeth to be moved and treatment factors. Different anchorage techniques are described like intra/inter-maxillary, simple, stationary, and reciprocal anchorage. Anchorage loss and demand vary based on the case. Recent advancements have improved anchorage control.
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Dental fluorosis.
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This document discusses interdental cleaning aids and their use. It begins by explaining the need for interdental cleaning due to biofilm formation between teeth. It then covers factors in selecting cleaning aids, common types of aids like floss, interdental brushes and wooden sticks, and how to use floss properly. The document also notes disadvantages of floss like being time-consuming and requiring skill.
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The document provides information on various oral hygiene tools and techniques, including toothbrushes, interdental cleaning methods, and tongue cleaning. It discusses the history of toothbrushes and various brush designs. It describes nine different toothbrushing methods and their indications. It also covers interdental aids like dental floss and different types of floss. The document aims to educate on proper techniques for maintaining good oral hygiene.
Intracanal medicaments (1)
This document discusses intracanal medicaments used in endodontic treatment. It defines intracanal medicaments as temporary placement of biocompatible medications into root canals to inhibit bacterial invasion from the oral cavity. Common intracanal medicaments discussed include phenolics, halogens, non-phenolic biocides like chlorhexidine, calcium hydroxide, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and herbal alternatives. The document also examines the root canal flora, mechanisms of action, advantages and limitations of various intracanal medicaments.
Oral habits & habits breaking appliances + night guard
This document discusses various oral habits in children including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, lip habits, and bruxism. For each habit, it provides information on prevalence, potential impacts, and management approaches. Thumb sucking management can include counseling, reminders, rewards systems, and intraoral appliances. Tongue thrusting management involves training correct swallowing and tongue posture, as well as speech therapy and appliances. Lip habits may require correction of malocclusion or use of appliances. Bruxism management uses approaches like psychotherapy, occlusal adjustments, and bite guards. The document concludes with a list of references.
Biology Of Tooth Movement
The document summarizes the biology of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. It discusses how application of force leads to bone remodeling through pressure and tension on the periodontal ligament. Optimal force causes bone resorption on the pressure side and deposition on the tension side through cellular processes. Tooth movement occurs in initial, lag, and post-lag phases as the hyalinized tissue is removed and bone remodeling allows for further movement.
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The document provides a detailed history of the toothpick, including:
1) Toothpicks have been used since prehistoric times, as evidenced by Neanderthal and early human skulls showing signs of toothpick use. Ancient rulers also used decorative toothpicks.
2) For centuries, the upper classes used elaborate toothpicks made of precious materials. Etiquette around toothpick use developed, with books advising against using them during meals.
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The document provides a history of dentistry from ancient civilizations like the Indus Valley (7000 BC) and ancient Egypt (3000 BC) to modern times. It traces the evolution of dentistry as a profession from early practices involving tooth extraction to modern practices like dental fillings, root canals, and the use of anesthesia. Key developments include the establishment of the first dental schools in the 19th century and the formation of national dental organizations to regulate the profession.
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This document provides a history of orthodontics from ancient times to modern day. It discusses early materials used in orthodontics such as silk thread, wire, and gold. Notable figures who contributed to the development of orthodontics include Hippocrates, Aristotle, Celsus, and Galen in ancient Greece and Rome. They made early observations about teeth and malocclusions. Orthodontics progressed through the Middle Ages and with Pierre Fauchard in the 18th century. The first dental college opened in 1840. Modern materials include stainless steel, cobalt-chromium, nickel-titanium alloys, plastics, and newer titanium alloys.
Digital Story: Toothpaste
Toothpaste has evolved significantly over thousands of years from early abrasives like crushed bones and shells to modern formulations. Some early recipes included pepper, mint, and iris flowers mixed with salt in ancient Egypt. In 1824, soap was added to toothpaste, and chalk was added in the 1850s. Mass production in a jar began in 1873, and tubes were introduced in 1892. Today's toothpastes contain detergents, fluoride, and other ingredients to clean and protect teeth.
You have gingervitis: 10 fun dental facts
This document provides 10 fun and interesting dental facts. Some of the facts include that Sir Isaac Newton's tooth was sold for over $35,000, that the earliest known dental work was found in teeth from 9,000 year old humans in Pakistan, and that people with red hair require more anesthesia during dental procedures than others. The document aims to share amusing tidbits about dental history and procedures.
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History & intro implant/ cosmetic dentistry training
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The Unbelievable Tale of Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping: A Riveting Saga
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The notion of Dwayne Johnson kidnapping seems straight out of a Hollywood thriller. Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, known for his larger-than-life persona, immense popularity. and action-packed filmography, is the last person anyone would envision being a victim of kidnapping. Yet, the bizarre and riveting tale of such an incident, filled with twists and turns. has captured the imagination of many. In this article, we delve into the intricate details of this astonishing event. exploring every aspect, from the dramatic rescue operation to the aftermath and the lessons learned.
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The Origins of the Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping Saga
Dwayne Johnson: A Brief Background
Before discussing the specifics of the kidnapping. it is crucial to understand who Dwayne Johnson is and why his kidnapping would be so significant. Born May 2, 1972, Dwayne Douglas Johnson is an American actor, producer, businessman. and former professional wrestler. Known by his ring name, "The Rock," he gained fame in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) before transitioning to a successful career in Hollywood.
Johnson's filmography includes blockbuster hits such as "The Fast and the Furious" series, "Jumanji," "Moana," and "San Andreas." His charismatic personality, impressive physique. and action-star status have made him a beloved figure worldwide. Thus, the news of his kidnapping would send shockwaves across the globe.
Setting the Scene: The Day of the Kidnapping
The incident of Dwayne Johnson's kidnapping began on an ordinary day. Johnson was filming his latest high-octane action film set to break box office records. The location was a remote yet scenic area. chosen for its rugged terrain and breathtaking vistas. perfect for the film's climactic scenes.
But, beneath the veneer of normalcy, a sinister plot was unfolding. Unbeknownst to Johnson and his team, a group of criminals had planned his abduction. hoping to leverage his celebrity status for a hefty ransom. The stage was set for an event that would soon dominate worldwide headlines and social media feeds.
The Abduction: Unfolding the Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping
The Moment of Capture
On the day of the kidnapping, everything seemed to be proceeding as usual on set. Johnson and his co-stars and crew were engrossed in shooting a particularly demanding scene. As the day wore on, the production team took a short break. providing the kidnappers with the perfect opportunity to strike.
The abduction was executed with military precision. A group of masked men, armed and organized, infiltrated the set. They created chaos, taking advantage of the confusion to isolate Johnson. Johnson was outnumbered and caught off guard despite his formidable strength and fighting skills. The kidnappers overpowered him, bundled him into a waiting vehicle. and sped away, leaving everyone on set in a state of shock and disbelief.
The Immediate Aftermath
The immediate aftermath of the Dwayne Johnson kidnappin
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5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson: Titans of Influence and Inspiration
Introduction
In the realm of entertainment, few names resonate as Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson. Both figures have carved unique paths in the industry. achieving unparalleled success and becoming iconic symbols of perseverance, resilience, and inspiration. This article delves into the lives, careers. and enduring legacies of Orpah Winfrey Dwayne Johnson. exploring how their journeys intersect and what we can learn from their remarkable stories.
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Early Life and Backgrounds
Orpah Winfrey: From Humble Beginnings to Media Mogul
Orpah Winfrey, often known as Oprah due to a misspelling on her birth certificate. was born on January 29, 1954, in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Raised in poverty by her grandmother, Winfrey's early life was marked by hardship and adversity. Despite these challenges. she demonstrated a keen intellect and an early talent for public speaking.
Winfrey's journey to success began with a scholarship to Tennessee State University. where she studied communication. Her first job in media was as a co-anchor for the local evening news in Nashville. This role paved the way for her eventual transition to talk show hosting. where she found her true calling.
Dwayne Johnson: From Wrestling Royalty to Hollywood Superstar
Dwayne Johnson, also known by his ring name "The Rock," was born on May 2, 1972, in Hayward, California. He comes from a family of professional wrestlers, with both his father, Rocky Johnson. and his grandfather, Peter Maivia, being notable figures in the wrestling world. Johnson's early life was spent moving between New Zealand and the United States. experiencing a variety of cultural influences.
Before entering the world of professional wrestling. Johnson had aspirations of becoming a professional football player. He played college football at the University of Miami. where he was part of a national championship team. But, injuries curtailed his football career, leading him to follow in his family's footsteps and enter the wrestling ring.
Career Milestones
Orpah Winfrey: The Queen of All Media
Winfrey's career breakthrough came in 1986 when she launched "The Oprah Winfrey Show." The show became a cultural phenomenon. drawing millions of viewers daily and earning many awards. Winfrey's empathetic and candid interviewing style resonated with audiences. helping her tackle diverse and often challenging topics.
Beyond her talk show, Winfrey expanded her empire to include the creation of Harpo Productions. a multimedia production company. She also launched "O, The Oprah Magazine" and OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network, further solidifying her status as a media mogul.
Dwayne Johnson: From The Ring to The Big Screen
Dwayne Johnson's wrestling career took off in the late 1990s. when he became one of the most charismatic and popular figures in WWE. His larger-than-life persona and catchphrases endeared him to fans. making him a household name. But, Johnson had ambitions beyond the wrestling ring.
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The tooth brush
- 1. The tooth brush An Information Report by Mr Coates
- 2. History of the Toothbrush People who lived before toothbrushes were invented used other objects to clean their teeth The first recorded toothbrush was a twig with a frayed end, called a ‘chew stick’, from 3000BC Early examples of a toothbrush used horse-hairs for bristles, but today they are made of nylon The first modern-day toothbrush began mass production in 1780.
- 3. Who Invented it? William Addis, of England, is thought to be the inventor of the first mass-produced toothbrush. He came up with his design while in prison – he wanted a better way to clean his teeth than using a rag covered in soot and salt Other people, such as H N Wadsworth in the USA or DuPont in 1983 developed the design
- 4. Features The toothbrush is an oral hygiene instrument used to clean the teeth and gums that consists of a head of tightly clustered bristles mounted on a handle, which facilitates the cleansing of hard-to-reach areas of the mouth.
- 5. The Electric toothbrush This is a picture of an electric toothbrush. These work in a similar way to toothbrushes but spin with a small motor inside to clean your teeth