The document discusses modal verbs in English. It provides examples of common modal verbs like can, could, may, might, will, would, must, shall, should, and ought to. It explains that modal verbs are used to indicate modality, or likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation. Each modal verb is then defined individually with examples of its typical uses and structures.

1. Model Verbs

2. •A modal verb is a type of auxiliary
verb that is used to indicate modality –
that is, likelihood, ability, permission,
and obligation.
•Modals are special verbs which behave
very irregularly in English.

3. Examples
Can Could May Might Will
Would Must Shall Should Ought
to

4. MODAL VERBS
Mohammad Faizan junaid
ID-43

5. MODAL VERBS
Modal verbs do not add s or
es to the third person singular.
He can swim.
He cans swim.

6. MODAL VERBS
We use “Can” to talk about
the ability to do something
at a given time in the
present or future
We use “Can” to talk about
someone’s skill or general
abilities

7. MODAL VERBS 
USAGE
CAN
Use Example
Ability / Possibility  They can control their own budgets.
Inability / Impossibility  We can’t fix it.
Asking for permission  Can I smoke here?
Request  Can you help me?

8. MODAL VERBS
We use “Could” to show that
something is possible in the
future but, not certain
Could is more formal and
polite than Can

9. MODAL VERBS 
USAGE
COULD
Use Example
Asking for permission  Could I borrow your dictionary?
Request  Could you say it again more slowly?
Suggestion  We could try to fix it ourselves.
Future possibility I think we could have another Gulf War.
Future wish I wish Atif could meet me next week.
Ability in the past He gave up his old job so he could work for us.

10. Muhammad Hamza Saleem
• ID 20

11. Will
"Will" is used with promises or
voluntary actions that take
place in the future. "Will" can
also be used to make
predictions about the future.

12. Examples:
PROMISE
•I promise that I will write you every single day.
VOLUNTARY ACTION
•I will make dinner tonight.
PREDICTION
•He thinks it will rain tomorrow.

13. Must
"Must" is most commonly used to
express certainty. It can also be
used to express necessity or
strong recommendation.

14. Examples:
CERTAINTY
•This must be the right address!
NECESSITY
• Students must pass an entrance examination to study
at this school.
STRONG RECOMMENDATION
• You must take some medicine for that cough.

15. NAME: MOBEEN TARIQ
TEACHER: MR. TARIQ USMAN
Student id : (40)
Topic : “Modal Verbs”

16. Modal verbs:-
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used
to indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability,
permission, and obligation. Examples include the
English verbs can/could, may/might, must,
will/would, and shall/should.

17. Would:-
"Would" is most commonly used to create conditional verb
forms. It also serves as the past form of the modal verb
"will." Additionally, "would" can indicate repetition in the
past.
Examples:
•If he were an actor, he would be in adventure
movies. CONDITIONAL
•I knew that she would be very successful in her career. PAST
OF "WILL"
•When they first met, they would always have picnics on the
beach. REPETITION

18. Should:-
"Should" is most commonly used to make recommendations
or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation as
well as expectation.
Examples:
•When you go to Berlin, you should visit the palaces in
Potsdam. RECOMMENDATION
•You should focus more on your family and less on
work. ADVICE
•I really should be in the office by 7:00 AM. OBLIGATION
•By now, they should already be in Dubai. EXPECTATION

19. Presentation
Topic
May and Might
istikhar ali
roll =59
class bs(it)
section A
university of sargoda

20. We use may or might to say that something is a possibility.
They have the same meaning.
You can say :
i
“It may be true” or “it
might be true”
(=perhaps it is true)

21. May
MightSubject
Be + ADJ
Be + V.ing
V1
Not
THE STRUCTURE

22. The negative forms are may not and might not (or
mightn’t)
Example :

23. For the past we use may have (done) or might
have (done)
I can’t find my bag
anywhere.
You might have left in
the shop. (= perhaps you left in
the shop)
She may have
been asleep. (= perhaps
she was asleep)

24. I was surprised that Sarah
wasn’t at the meeting.
She might not have
known about it. (=
perhaps she didn’t know)
I wonder why Colin was in
such a bad mood yesterday.
He may not have
been feeling well. (=
perhaps he wasn’t feeling
well)

25. type of modal verb

26. Ought to
• ought to is used to advise or make
recommendations “ought to” also express
assumption or expectations as well as strong
portability.

27. We use ought in three main ways:
• To express the views that something is the right thing to do,because
its morally correct,polite,or someone’s duty.
• For example:
• You ought to admit that you made a mistake.

28. oThey ought not to be allowed to damage property
without paying compensation.
oExample:
oTo predict that something is fairly likely or
expected based on normal circumstances or logic
oOur long-delayed mail is on the way from France
and ought to arrive today
oThe weather oughtn’t to be cold in May

29. • To offer or ask for advice or recommendations:
• If you haven’t read the book then you ought to see the movie.
• What ought to be done to improve things?

32. List of modal verbs
Can could
May might
Will would
Shall should
Ought to must