Mobile number portability allows mobile subscribers to retain their existing phone numbers when switching service providers. It was implemented in India in 2011 to promote competition between providers. Before MNP, subscribers were reluctant to switch providers as it meant changing their phone number. MNP uses a centralized database and all call query routing to route calls to ported numbers. It benefits users through choice, benefits providers through competition, and benefits the government through increased revenue and investment. However, MNP only applies to mobile numbers within service areas and has a 90 day waiting period between provider switches.

1. MOBILE NUMBER PORTABILITY
PRESENTED BY
SHIVAM KUMAR YADAV
42161

2. CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. History
3. Life Before MNP
4. Types of Number Portability
5. Implementation
6. MNP in India
7. MNP Procedure
8. Benefits
9. Disadvantages
10.Conclusion

3. Introduction
Mobile subscribers enables to change their service
providers, their location without having to change
their existing phone numbers.
It is a very important concept that should be
implemented in India where total number of
mobile subscribers cross 97 crore mark at the
end of October 2014.

4. History

5. Continue…
On 25th Nov 2010, MNP has been
implemented in Haryana as field testing to
observe implication of MNP on voice as
well as non-voice calls. Finally, 20th January
2011, MNP has been implemented across
the India in intra-circle.

6. Life before MNP
Mobile consumers find it hard to move from one
network operator to another with a better plan,
unless they are ready to change their old mobile
number and update all their contacts with the
new number.
 The result is consumers often stick to one
operator even if they are dissatisfied with plans or
customer service.

7. Types of Number Portability
Location
service
operator

8. Subscribers can change the operator
while retaining the same phone number. It
is also called service provider portability.
This type of portability is for the same
service, i.e., fixed-to-fixed or mobile-to-
mobile.
Operator Portability

9. Location Portability
Location portability is the ability of a subscriber to
retain an existing telephone number when
changing from one physical location to another.
In this case, a given telephone number could be
associated with any network termination device,
independent of location.

10. Service Portability
Service portability is the ability of a subscriber to
retain the existing telephone number when
changing from one service to another service, say,
from fixed to mobile services.
This will not only benefit users but also those
service providers who continually upgrade and
innovate.

11. Implementation
There are two fundamental issues that need to be
considered in implementing number portability.
Number Portability Database System: Contains
information about porting numbers.
Call Routing Scheme: This applies to the
scheme of routing a call to a ported number.

12. Number Portability Database System
There are two approaches by which the number
porting database can be maintained and
implemented.
Decentralized approach
Centralized approach

13. Decentralized Database
There is a bilateral agreement
between two service
providers.
This model involves multiple
database containing subsets
of total data.
This approach is very complex
and the complexity is further
increased with increasing
number of service providers.

14. Centralized Database Approach
 The centralized model involves a single reference database.
 All the SP in the country have a shared and well-defined interface with a
centralized NP administration center (NPAC) for processing the porting request
of a number.
 Any porting request from any of the service providers is sent to the NPAC first,
to which all the service providers number portability solutions are integrated
with.
 A request that comes from the new SP to the NPAC is sent to the present
serving SP for clearance and once this is done the central NPAC broadcasts the
porting information to all the service providers in the country.

16. Call Routing Scheme
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has defined four
types of call routing that support number portability.
All Call Query (ACQ)
Query on Release (QoR)
Call Drop back
Onward Routing (OR)

17. All Call Query (ACQ)
 The Originating Network receives a call from
the caller and sends a query to a centrally
administered Number Portability Database
(NPDB).
 Network operators generally keep local
copies of the CDB, which is hosted on either
a network element within their network or a
third party network element.
 The NPDB returns the routing information of
the dialed number. The Originating Network
uses the routing information to route the call
to the new serving network.

18. Query on Release (QoR)
 The Originating Network receives a call from
the caller and routes the call to the donor
network.
 The donor network releases the call and
indicates that the dialed number has been
ported out of that network.
 The Originating Network sends a query to its
copy of the NPDB. The NPDB returns the
routing information of the dialed number.
 The Originating Network uses the routing
information to route the call to the new
serving network

19. Call Drop back  The Originating Network receives a call
from the caller and routes the call to the
donor network.
 The donor network detects that the dialed
directory number has been ported out of
the donor switch and checks with an
internal NPDB.
 The internal NPDB returns the routing
number associated with the dialed
directory number.
 The donor network releases the call by
providing the routing number.
 The Originating Network uses the routing
number to route the call to the new serving
network.

20. Onward Routing (OR)
 The Originating Network receives a call from
the caller and routes the call to the donor
network.
 The donor network detects that the dialed
directory number has been ported out of the
donor switch and checks with an internal
NPDB.
 The internal NPDB returns the routing digits
associated with the dialed directory number.
 The donor network uses the routing number
to route the call to the new serving network.
This method of routing calls is also known as
Call Forwarding.

21. MNP in INDIA
All Call Query routing scheme is used for portability.
Number Portability is only applicable to mobile numbers not for the
Fixed/Land line numbers.
Portability is possible irrespective of mobile technology used by
service provider.
The DoT has divided the whole country into two MNP zones.
 North-West zone (zone 1)
 south-east zone (zone 2)

23. MNP Procedure in India
 You need to send SMS to 1900 in following format: PORT <Your Mobile
Number>
 You will get an SMS reply with a unique porting code (UPC) from 1901. This
UPC will be valid only for few days.
 Submit an application to the service provide where you want to shift with
UPC in a prescribed format. You have to submit your identity proof, address
proof and photograph along with this UPC.
 Now your existing operator will check with new operator & if there are no
dues then approval will be given for porting in seven working days.
 Once the porting is complete, you will receive conformation message. Your
new service will then started on your old number.

24. Benefits
BENEFIT TO USERS:
• will not have to change the number.
• save money by having the best plan you like.
BENEFIT TO OPERATORS:
• Savings in expenses for reserving a number-series
• Less struggle for newcomers
BENEFIT TO GOVERNMENT:
• More competition means more revenue
• More investment in market

25. Disadvantages
You can’t switch from one Telecom circle to other
which would mean that you cannot have one
number across the country.
Once you switch your service provider you cannot
switch again for the next 90 days.
If you decide to move from CDMA-to-GSM or vice-
versa, you will also have to change your handset.

26. Conclusion
To implement number portability, the best solution is to
implement the centralized database system and use the All Call
Query (ACQ) call routing scheme to route the calls to a ported
number. The number portability gives freedom to subscriber to
choose best service provider. Also service provider has to be
competitive to attract the customer. This will encourage
competition among the service providers, and in turn will reduce
the tariff. From subscribers point of view it reduces cost, time and
money. From service providers point of view specific network
maintenance activities need to be done to ensure proper
operation of the number portability service over time.

27. Reference
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_number_portability
2. http://learntelecom.com/how-mobile-number-portability-works-
in-india
3. http://www.electronicsforu.com/EFYLinux/efyhome/cover/Janua
ry2007/Number-Portability.pdf
4. http://www.portabil.pt/fileadmin/systor/NP_WhitePaper.pdf
5. Rajeev Ranjan Kumar, Amrita Singh, A. Damodaram, “Phone
Number Portability in GSM networks”, CSI Vol. 32, Issue-7,
Oct.2008.

28. Thank You