MINERAL RESOURCES
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The document discusses two types of mining: open pit and closed tunnel. It describes various categories of mineral resources including metallic minerals like gold and iron, non-metallic minerals like gypsum and diamond, and fuel minerals like coal. Metallic minerals are found embedded in rocks while others are found as compounds. Major mining areas in India are also outlined. The uses of minerals like gold and aluminum are explained. Adverse effects of mining like air, water, land and noise pollution as well as deforestation are covered. Laws and policies governing mineral exploitation in India are also summarized.
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nikhil.evs.ppt
Mineral resources refer to naturally occurring substances found in the Earth's crust that are economically valuable. They include metals, gemstones, and fuels. Minerals play a crucial role in global economies by providing raw materials for construction, manufacturing, energy, and technology. Minerals are categorized as metallic, non-metallic, or fuels. Mining is the extraction of these resources and involves surface or underground excavation. While mining provides resources for development, it can also negatively impact the environment through deforestation, soil erosion, water and air pollution, land subsidence, and displacement of communities.
Metals from Ores: An Introduction-Crimson Publishers
This document provides an introduction to metals obtained from ores. It discusses how ores contain mixtures of minerals that are processed to extract industrial minerals and metals. Ores first undergo beneficiation by physical methods to separate minerals, then chemical methods to recover metals. Metals and metalloids are classified based on their chemical composition and physical properties. Major metallic minerals are discussed, including their typical compositions and common uses for metal production or other purposes like refractories. Classification schemes for important ore types like chromites and manganese ores are also presented based on their grade and suitable end uses.
geography textbook pdf.pdf
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metalic and non metalic mineralas
This document discusses metallic and non-metallic mineral resources in India. It is divided into two major categories: 1) Metallic mineral resources such as iron ore, manganese, and bauxite. Iron ore reserves in India are around 12,317 million tonnes. Manganese resources are 430 million tonnes with Odisha holding 44%. Bauxite resources are 3,290 million tonnes. 2) Non-metallic minerals include mica, limestone, and gypsum. Mica resources are 393,855 tonnes with Rajasthan holding 51%. Limestone resources are 1,753.45 million tonnes. Gypsum resources are 1,237 million tonnes located mainly in Rajasthan,
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY-MINERALS USED IN GLASS, FERTILIZER, CERAMIC, PAINT AND CEMEN...
The document discusses various minerals that are used in industries such as glass, fertilizer, ceramic, paint and cement. It focuses on the minerals used in cement and fertilizer industries. Key minerals discussed include limestone, clay, shale, sand, iron materials and gypsum for cement production. For fertilizers, it covers phosphates like apatite, rock phosphates, slag and guano. It also discusses potash minerals like sylvite, carnallite, kainite and alunite as well as nitrates like saltpetre and soda nitre.
Environment, development and disaster management 3rd sem
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT , ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT –
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Minerals class 12
India has significant mineral resources distributed unevenly across the country. Key mineral belts include the Chota Nagpur belt spanning Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha and West Bengal rich in coal, iron ore, manganese and bauxite. Other important mineral regions include the Midland belt containing manganese, bauxite and mica and the Southern belt with iron ore, chromite and limestone. India has large reserves of coal, iron ore, manganese and mica. It is also a significant producer of petroleum, uranium and thorium. Thermal power using coal is the largest source of electricity in India, while hydroelectricity, nuclear power and renewable sources also contribute.
Mineral resources - A non-renewable natural resource
Mineral resources are important for economic development but their extraction can harm the environment. India has significant reserves of minerals like coal, bauxite, iron ore, and mica but is deficient in others. The National Mineral Policy aims to balance mineral exploitation with environmental protection and development. Mining impacts include deforestation, water and air pollution, and toxic metal dispersal, so sustainable practices and alternatives to mining are needed.
Mineral resources
This document discusses mineral resources, which are naturally occurring inorganic solids that are finite and non-renewable. It describes the different types of mineral resources including fuel minerals like coal and oil, and metallic and nonmetallic minerals. Examples are provided of major mineral resources in India like coal, iron ore, bauxite, and copper. The environmental impacts of mineral extraction are also summarized, such as land degradation, water and air pollution, and occupational health hazards from mining activities.
Removal of Heavy Metals from Water and Waste Water by Electrocoagulation Proc...
This document reviews the electrocoagulation process for removing heavy metals from water and wastewater. It discusses several heavy metals (arsenic, lead, zinc, chromium) that commonly contaminate water sources and their health effects. It also summarizes various technologies used for heavy metal removal such as ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and chemical coagulation and their limitations. The document concludes that electrocoagulation is an effective and environmentally friendly process for treating heavy metal contaminated water and wastewater.
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MINERAL RESOURCES
- 1. UNIT 2 PPT 8
- 3. 2.6.1.TWO TYPES OF MINING OPEN PIT TYPE MINING CLOSED TUNNEL TYPE MINING
- 4. 2.6.1.1.OPEN PIT TYPE MINING NON-MATELS COAL GYPSUM DIAMOND MINERAL SALTS
- 5. 2.6.1.2.CLOSED TUNNEL TYPE MINING Gold Platinum Iron METALS
- 6. 2.6.2.CATEGORIES OF MINERAL RESOURCES GOLD ROCKS COAL METTALIC MINERALS NON-MATTALIC MINERALS FUEL MINERALS
- 7. 2.6.2.1.METTALIC MINERALS Gold, Chromium, Nickel, Platinum, etc., are found as particles embedded in hard rocks. Metals like Aluminum, manganese, iron, copper etc., are not found as metallic particles but found in the form of their respective compounds. Iron, Aluminum, Chromium, Manganese, Titanium and Magnesium are abundant. Copper, Lead, Zinc, Tin, Gold, Silver, Platinum, Uranium, Mercury, Molybdenum are scarce
- 8. 2.6.2.2.NON-MATTALIC MINERALS Non Mettalic minerals range form silicate minerals to Sand, Gravel, Salts, Soils, Diamond, Limestone, Asbestos, Gypsum, etc. These kinds of mineral resources are found in Karnataka, Rajasthan and Bihar. Gypsum and mica are found in TamilNadu. Diamond is found to some extent in Madhya Pradesh
- 9. 2.6.2.3. FUEL MINERALS Coal, Petroleum and Amber belong to the category of Fuel Minerals. In India coal is available in abundance, particularly in West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya , Nagaland and Uttar Pradesh. Lignite (Brown Coal) is available in Neyveli, Tamilnadu. Petroleum is found in Assam and Gujarat states as well as in Godavari basin and Bombay high seas. Plutonium is found in the Trivandrum beach.
- 10. 2.6.3. USES OF MINERALS RESOURCES
- 11. 2.6.3.1.Gold, Silver, Diamond Copper, Aluminum, Iron, Nickel
- 13. 2.6.3.3.Aluminum
- 15. 2.6.3.5.Iron is referred to as Black Gold
- 17. 2.6.4.Adverse effects of mining on environment
- 23. 2.8.Ways and means of Preventing over Exploitation of Mineral Resources Wildlife (Protection) act 1972(Amended in 1991) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) act, 1974 (Amended in 1988) Forest (Conservation) act, 1980 (Amended in 1988) Environment (Protection) act 1986. National mineral policy of India(1993), (Amended in 2008)
- 24. 2.8.1.National Mineral Policy,2008 Insist on the following: National mineral policy, 1993 forbids mining operations in the reserve forests for wildlife as well as the wildlife sanctuaries. Search of mineral resources insea beds with the help of remote sensing satellite. Application of advanced technologies to be used inminingout minerals and modernization of the miningindustry Preservation of wildlife forests and sanctuaries. Miningleases are to be granted in such a way, not to disturb the eco-system of a region severely. Permitting export of minerals to other countries only in value added forms.
- 25. Dr. R.Ramamoorthy M.Sc.,M.Ed.,M.Phil.,Ph.D., Assistant Professor in Biological Science Arasan Ganesan College of Preceptors, Sivakasi