This document defines microencapsulation as coating small particles or droplets of a core material with a coating material on a microscopic scale. The core material can be solid, liquid, or gas, while the coating material forms a protective shell and controls the release of the core material. Microencapsulation is used for various purposes like sustained drug release, taste/odor masking, converting liquids to powders, reducing toxicity/irritation, and stabilizing unstable substances. Different coating and core materials are described along with the advantages of microencapsulation such as improved bioavailability and patient compliance as well as its applications in fields like taste masking and sustained drug delivery.

1. Microencapsulation
Mr. Shubham Ghodke

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Core material
 Coating Material
 Synonyms of Microencapsulation
 Reasons For Microencapsulation
 Release Mechanisms
 Types of Microcapsules
 Advantage
 Disadvantage
 Application

3. Introduction
 Definition:
 "Microencapsulation may be defined as the process of surrounding or enveloping one
substance within another substance on a very small scale, yielding capsules ranging from less
than one micron to several hundred microns in size"“
 It is define has an substance or Pharmaceutical material is encapsulated over the surface of
solid,droplet of liquid and dispersion of medium is known has Microencapsulation"
 It is mean of applying thin coating to small particle of solid or droplet of liquid & dispersion.
 Particle size: 50-5000 micron
 2 phases: a) Core material b) Coating material
 Also known as microcapsule, microsphere, coated granules, pene.

4. Core Material
The material to be coated. It may be liquid or solid or gas. Liquid core may be
dissolved or dispersed material.
Composition of core material
 Drug or active constituent
 Additive like diluents
 Stabilizers

6. Coting Material
Inert substance which coats on core with desired thickness.
Composition of coating:
 Inert polymer
 Plasticizer
 Coloring agent
 Resins, waxes and lipids
 Release rate enhancers

7. Synonyms of Microcapsules
1) Microcapsule
2) Microsphere
3) Microbeads
4) Microgranules
5) Coated Granules
6) Pellets
7) Seed

8. Reasons For Microencapsulation
1) For sustained or prolonged drug release.
2) For masking taste and odor of many drugs to improve patient compliance.
3) For converting liquid drugs in a free flowing powder.
4) To reduce toxicity and GI irritation
5) Incompatibility among the drugs can be prevented by microencapsulation
6) The drugs, which are sensitive to oxygen, moisture or light, can be stabilized
by microencapsulation

9. List of coating material

10. Coating Material Properties
 Inert toward active ingredients.
 Stabilization of core material.
 Controlled release under specific conditions.
 Film-forming, pliable, tasteless, stable.
 Non-hygroscopic, no high viscosity, economical
 Soluble in an aqueous media or solvent, or melting.
 The coating can be flexible, brittle, hard, thin etc.

11. Properties of Some Microencapsulated Core Material

12. TYPES OF MICROCAPSULES
 Simple Microcapsules
 Enteric coated Microcapsules
 Mucoadhesive Microcapsules
 Bioadhesive Microcapsule
 Floating Microcapsules
 Magnetic Microcapsules
 Nanospheres
 Floating and Effervescent Microcapsules
 Colonic Microspheres
 GI Specific Microspheres

13. Advantages:
 To increase of bioavailability.
 To alter the drug release.
 To improve the patient's compliance.
 To decrease evaporation rate of the core material.
 To produce a targeted drug delivery.
 To convert liquid to solid from.

14. Disadvantages
 Difficult to achieve continuous and uniform film.
 Shelf life of hygroscopic drugs is reduced.
 Polymer may produce toxic effect.
 Costly.

15. Application
 Taste masking e.g. acetaminophen.
 Sustain release e.g. aspirin
 Conversion of liquid to solid e.g. clofibrate
 Odor masking e.g. castor oil
 Reducing gastric irritation e.g. phenylbutazone.
 Stabilization to oxidation e.g. vitamin

16. Thank you