Hi, this is a PPT consisting of all the important PHYSICAL PROPERTIES and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of Metals and Non Metals. Thank You!

2. METALS
Those materials which possess the characteristic of
being hard, shiny, ductile, etc. are termed as metals.
Physical Properties Of Metals:-
 State:- They are generally solids at room
temperature.
(Except Mercury, which is liquid at room temperature.)

3. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
 Malleability:- The property of metals by which they can be
beaten into thin sheets is called malleability. The silver foils
used for decorating sweets and the aluminium foil used for
wrapping food are possible because of malleability
property of metals.
 Ductility:- The property of metal by which it can be drawn
into wires is called ductility. Eg: Metals like aluminium and
copper wires are used in electric connection.
 Hardness:- They are harder as compared to non- metals.
(Except, Sodium and potassium which can be cut by knife)

4. PHYSICAL PROPERTIIES OF METALS
 Sonority:- It is that property of metal which produces
ringing sound on hitting. (Except, Mercury, which is a
liquid metal.
 Electric Conductivity:- Metals allow electricity to flow
through them easily. (Except, Bismuth and Lead,
which are poor conductors of electricity.)
 Heat Conductivity:- Metals allow heat to pass through
them easily. (Except, Lead and mercury, which are
poor conductors of heat.)

5. PHYSICAL PROPERTIIES OF METALS
 Metals have high melting and boiling point. ……………….
(Except Gallium and Cesium, which have a very low melting
point.)
 Lustrous:- Metals have a shiny/lustrous surface.

6. PHYSICAL PROPERTIIES OF METALS
High
tensile
strength

7. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
Reaction With Oxygen:-
• Metals react with oxygen to form Metallic oxides, which are basic in
nature.
Eg- Iron(Fe) + Oxygen(O₂) + Water(H₂O) = Iron Oxide(Fe₂O₃)
• Na and K are kept in kerosene as they react vigorously with air and catch
fire.
4K(s)+O₂(g)→2K₂O(s)
• Mg, Al, Zn, Pb react slowly with air and form a protective layer that
prevents corrosion.
2Mg(s)+O₂(g)→2MgO(s)
• Silver, platinum, and gold don’t burn or react with air.

8. REACTION OF METALS WITH OXYGEN

9. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
Reaction With Water:-
• Some Metals react with water to form metal hydroxides/ oxides
and hydrogen.
• Sodium and Potassium are highly reactive metals.
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H₂
• Magnesium and zinc do not react with cold water. They form their
respective oxides when reacted with hot water or steam.
Mg + H2O → MgO + H2

10. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
• Iron does not react with hot or cold water, but it reacts
with steam to form magnetic oxides.
3Fe + 4H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2

11. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
Reaction with acids:-
• Metals like sodium, potassium, lithium and calcium react
vigorously with Hydrochloric (HCl) and Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4).
• Other metals like, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Tin and Lead do not
react vigorously with acids.
Mg + HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

12. NON METALS
• Non- metals are those elements which lack all the metallic
attributes.

13. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NON
METALS
• State- They are generally solid or liquid at room temperature. (except
Bromine, which is liquid)
• Malleability and Ductility- Non metals are neither malleable nor ductile.
• Hardness- They are brittle (except diamond, which is the hardest
material on earth)
• Sonority- They are non- sonorous.
• Heat Conductivity- They are poor conductors of heat (Except Graphite
and diamond).
• Electrical Conductivity- They are poor conductors of electricity ( Except
Graphite).

14. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NON
METALS
• Luster- They lack luster and are dull in appearance
• Tensile Strength- They have low tensile strength, which means
they cannot hold heavy weights.

15. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NON
METALS
Reaction with Oxygen-
• Non metals react with oxygen to form nonmetallic oxides which are
acidic in nature
S + O2 → SO2
 Reaction with Water-
• Non metals do not react with water.

16. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NON
METALS
Reaction With Acids –
• Non-Metals do not react with acids.
Reaction with Bases-
• The reaction between Bases and Nonmetals is very complex.
• They react with bases to form salt.
Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → Ca(OCl)Cl + H2O

17. THANK YOU!
HOPE IT HELPS !!